Compositions and methods for surface abrasion with frozen particles

Abstract

Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A composition, comprising:
 one or more frozen hydrogen oxide particles, and   one or more reinforcement agents;   wherein the one or more frozen hydrogen oxide particles have at least one major dimension of approximately one centimeter or less; and the one or more reinforcement agents are located beneath the surface of the frozen hydrogen oxide particles in a distinct region segregated by a semi-permeable membrane;   wherein the one or more frozen hydrogen oxide particles are in one or more phases including amorphous solid water, low density amorphous ice, high density amorphous ice, very high density amorphous ice, clathrate ice, hyperquenched glassy water, ice Ic, ice Ih, ice II, ice III, ice IV, ice V, ice VI, ice VII, ice VIII, ice IX, ice X, ice XI, ice XII, ice XIII, or ice XIV.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more frozen particles have at least one major dimension of approximately one centimeter or less, approximately one millimeter or less, approximately one micrometer or less, approximately one nanometer or less, or any value therebetween. 
     
     
         3 . (canceled) 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one major dimension of the one or more frozen particles includes at least one of radius, diameter, length, width, height, or perimeter. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising one or more abrasives. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more reinforcement agents include at least one of a natural, artificial, or synthetic agent. 
     
     
         7 . (canceled) 
     
     
         8 . (canceled) 
     
     
         9 . (canceled) 
     
     
         10 . (canceled) 
     
     
         11 . (canceled) 
     
     
         12 . (canceled) 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more frozen particles exist at about 30° C., about 20° C., about 10° C., about 5° C., about 0° C., about −10° C. about −20° C., about −30° C., about −40° C., about −50° C., about −60° C., about −70° C., about −75° C., about −80° C., about −85° C., about −90° C., about −95° C., about −100° C., about −120° C., about −150° C., about −180° C., about −200° C., about −220° C., about −250° C., or any value less than or therebetween. 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more frozen particles further comprise at least one of polyethylene glycol, acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, dioxane, hexamethylphosphorotriamide, perfluorohydrocarbon, methanol, ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol, formic acid, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, acetic acid, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, acetonitrile, hexane, methylene chloride, carboxylic acid, saline, Ringer's solution, lactated Ringer's solution, Hartmann's solution, acetated Ringer's solution, phosphate buffered solution, TRIS-buffered saline solution, Hank's balanced salt solution, Earle's balanced salt solution, standard saline citrate, HEPES-buffered saline, dextrose, glucose, or diethyl ether. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one therapeutic agent. 
     
     
         16 . (canceled) 
     
     
         17 . (canceled) 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 15 , wherein the at least one therapeutic agent includes one or more of a prodrug or precursor compound. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one of a polymer, biopolymer, nanoparticle, or detection material. 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the detection material includes at least one electronic identification device. 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 20 , wherein the at least one electronic identification device includes at least one radio frequency identification device. 
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the detection material includes at least one radioactive element. 
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 22 , wherein the at least one radioactive element includes one or more of  32 P,  35 S,  13 C,  131 I,  191 Ir,  192 Ir,  193 Ir,  201 Tl, or  3 H. 
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the detection material includes at least one colorimetric substance. 
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 24 , wherein the at least one colorimetric substance includes one or more of an inorganic, organic, biological, natural, artificial, or synthetic substance. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 24 , wherein the at least one colorimetric substance includes one or more of a dye, pigment, or light-emitting substance. 
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 26 , wherein the light-emitting substance includes at least one of a fluorescent substance, phosphorescent substance, or quantum dot. 
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 24 , wherein the at least one colorimetric substance is biocompatible. 
     
     
         29 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the detection material includes at least one of a diamagnetic particle, ferromagnetic particle, paramagnetic particle, super paramagnetic contrast agent, or other magnetic particle. 
     
     
         30 . (canceled) 
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more frozen particles include a plurality of frozen particles that are approximately uniform with regard to size, shape, weight, or density. 
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 1 , formulated to be administered by high velocity impact. 
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 1 , formulated to be administered by one or more devices. 
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising at least one pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier or excipient. 
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 1 , further comprising one or more explosive materials. 
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more explosive materials include at least one of a high explosive or a low explosive. 
     
     
         37 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more explosive materials include at least one of carbon dioxide, nitroglycerine, or a reactive metal. 
     
     
         38 .- 168 . (canceled) 
     
     
         169 . A composition, comprising:
 one or more frozen hydrogen oxide particles, and   one or more reinforcement agents;   wherein the one or more frozen hydrogen oxide particles have at least one major dimension of approximately one centimeter or less; and   one or more therapeutic agents located beneath the surface of the frozen hydrogen oxide particles in a distinct region segregated by a semi-permeable membrane;   wherein the one or more frozen hydrogen oxide particles are in one or more phases including amorphous solid water, low density amorphous ice, high density amorphous ice, very high density amorphous ice, clathrate ice, hyperquenched glassy water, ice Ic, ice Ih, ice II, ice III, ice IV, ice V, ice VI, ice VII, ice VIII, ice IX, ice X, ice XI, ice XII, ice XIII, or ice XIV.