Electrolysis method and electrolytic cells

Abstract

An electrolysis method for electrolytic cells having an electrode-membrane-electrode assembly includes two porous electrode having a porous membrane located therebetween and filled with electrolyte or having an ion exchange membrane located therebetween, one or more liquids being led directly into the membrane of the electrode-membrane-electrode assembly. The one or more liquids are guided in a channel structure arranged in the membrane. An electrolytic cell includes porous electrode, between which a porous membrane is arranged. A liquid electrolyte is fixed in the pore of electrodes and membrane, a product gas chamber adjoining the cathode, a further product gas chamber adjoining the anode, and an arrangement for feeding a liquid to the electrode. A channel structure, in which distribution of the liquid is provided, is arranged in the membrane.

1 . An electrolysis process for electrolytic cells with an electrode-membrane-electrode arrangement comprising two porous electrodes with a porous membrane filled with electrolyte lying in between or with an ion-exchange membrane lying in between, wherein
 one or several liquids is/are introduced directly into the membrane of the electrode-membrane-electrode arrangement, the one or several liquids being introduced into a structure of channels implemented in the membrane.   
     
     
         2 . The electrolytic cell comprising:
 porous electrodes between which a porous membrane is arranged;   a liquid electrolyte being fixed in the pores of the electrodes and of the membrane;   a product gas chamber adjacent to the cathode;   a further product gas chamber adjacent to the anode; and   an arrangement for feeding a liquid to the electrodes,   
       wherein
 a structure of channels in which a distribution of the liquid is provided is implemented in the membrane. 
 
     
     
         3 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 2 , wherein the liquid is water to be split or an electrolyte. 
     
     
         4 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 2 , wherein
 the membrane is a proton-conducting membrane or an anion-exchange membrane.   
     
     
         5 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 4 , wherein
 the membrane is implemented in one or several layers.   
     
     
         6 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 2 , wherein
 the structure of channels is connected to a water reservoir by way of a first pump.   
     
     
         7 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 6 , wherein
 the structure of channels is connected to an electrolyte reservoir by way of a second pump.   
     
     
         8 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 2 , wherein
 the structure of channels is a structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels.   
     
     
         9 . An arrangement comprising one or several electrolytic cells connected in series or parallel according to  claim 2 . 
     
     
         10 . The arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein
 the structure of channels of each electrolytic cell is connected to a first pump by way of a respective control valve and the first pump is connected to a water reservoir.   
     
     
         11 . The arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein
 the structure of channels of each electrolytic cell is connected to a water reservoir by way of a respective control valve and by a respective pump.   
     
     
         12 . The arrangement according to  claim 10 , wherein
 each control valve is connected to an electrolyte reservoir by way of a further pump.   
     
     
         13 . The arrangement according to  claim 8 , wherein
 cooling cells through which a cooling medium flows are arranged between the electrolytic cells.   
     
     
         14 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 3 , wherein
 the membrane is a proton-conducting membrane or an anion-exchange membrane.   
     
     
         15 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 3 , wherein
 the structure of channels is connected to a water reservoir by way of a first pump.   
     
     
         16 . The electrolytic cell according to  claim 3 , wherein
 the structure of channels is a structure of microchannels and/or nanochannels.   
     
     
         17 . An arrangement comprising one or several electrolytic cells connected in series or parallel according to  claim 3 . 
     
     
         18 . The arrangement according to  claim 9 , wherein
 cooling cells through which a cooling medium flows are arranged between the electrolytic cells.   
     
     
         19 . The arrangement according to  claim 10 , wherein
 cooling cells through which a cooling medium flows are arranged between the electrolytic cells.   
     
     
         20 . The arrangement according to  claim 11 , wherein
 cooling cells through which a cooling medium flows are arranged between the electrolytic cells.