Method and apparatus for assessing feasibility of probes and biomarkers

Abstract

The quantitative evaluation of biomarker-probe activity is disclosed. In certain embodiments, the biomarker-probe activity may be quantified and analyzed using biodistributions generated using a model. In some embodiments, such biodistributions may be used to generate simulated images from which quantitative thresholds may be derived. In some embodiments, the quantitative thresholds may be used to analyze the biodistributions.

1 . A system, comprising:
 a memory structure encoding one or more processor-executable routines, wherein the routines, when executed, cause acts to be performed comprising:
 generating one or more biodistributions representing biomarker-probe activity using a physiological based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) model based at least on inputs of a location of a biomarker, a concentration of the biomarker, and a change in the location or concentration of the biomarker during disease progression; 
 generating one or more simulated images based on the one or more biodistributions and a digital phantom; and 
 quantitatively analyzing the one or more simulated images to derive one or more numeric classifications of biomarker-probe usefulness for imaging; and 
   a processing component configured to access and execute the one or more routines encoded by the memory structure.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the biodistributions comprise respective time-concentration curves or time-activity curves. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein each biodistribution corresponds to a different combination of experimental factors. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 3 , wherein the different combinations of experimental factors correspond to one or more of biomarker properties, probe properties, or probe dosage, simulated time frame, or probe injection location. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein generating the one or more simulated images comprises executing an imager model using one or more respective biodistributions as inputs to the imager model. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 5 , wherein the imager model is based on the physics of an imaging modality. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more simulated images comprise signal attributable to the respective biodistributions, signal attributable to the digital phantom, and noise attributable to an imager model used to generate the one or more simulated images. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein quantitatively analyzing the one or more simulated images comprises quantitatively assessing the ability of the biomarker-probe to distinguish an organ of interest from background tissue. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more numeric classifications comprise thresholds suitable for analyzing some of the one or more biodistributions regardless of whether simulated images are generated from the respective one or more biodistributions. 
     
     
         10 . A system, comprising:
 a memory structure encoding one or more processor-executable routines, wherein the routines, when executed, cause acts to be performed comprising:
 generating one or more numeric thresholds for a biomarker-probe based on simulated images, wherein each simulated image is generated using a corresponding biodistribution of a plurality of biodistributions, and the plurality of biodistributions is generated using a model that is provided inputs of a location of a biomarker, a concentration of the biomarker, and a change in the location or concentration of the biomarker during disease progression; and 
 analyzing some or all of the plurality of biodistributions using the one or more numeric thresholds; and 
   a processing component configured to access and execute the one or more routines encoded by the memory structure.   
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the model is provided inputs of probe properties or physiology and anatomy parameters. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein the model comprises a physiological based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) model. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the one or more numeric thresholds comprise at least one numeric threshold for assessing the degree to which an organ marked with the biomarker-probe is distinguishable from background tissue. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the one or more numeric thresholds comprise at least one numeric threshold generally corresponding to a degree of noise observed in the simulated images. 
     
     
         15 . The system of  claim 10 , wherein the routines, when executed by the processing component, cause further acts to be performed comprising:
 generating a matrix for the biomarker probe based upon the analysis of some or all of the plurality of biodistributions using the one or more numeric thresholds.   
     
     
         16 . The system of  claim 15 , wherein the matrix comprises an imageability map comprising one or more of color or character representations. 
     
     
         17 . One or more non-transitory computer-readable media encoding one or more processor-executable routines, wherein the one or more routines, when executed by a processor, cause acts to be performed comprising:
 generating one or more biodistributions representing biomarker-probe activity using a physiological based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) model based at least on inputs of a location of a biomarker, a concentration of the biomarker, and a change in the location or concentration of the biomarker during disease progression;   generating one or more simulated images based on the one or more biodistributions and a digital phantom; and   quantitatively analyzing the one or more simulated images to derive one or more numeric classifications of biomarker-probe usefulness for imaging.   
     
     
         18 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more numeric classifications comprise thresholds suitable for analyzing some of the one or more biodistributions regardless of whether simulated images are generated from the respective one or more biodistributions. 
     
     
         19 . One or more non-transitory computer-readable media encoding one or more processor-executable routines, wherein the one or more routines, when executed by a processor, cause acts to be performed comprising:
 generating one or more numeric thresholds for a biomarker-probe based on simulated images, wherein each simulated image is generated using a corresponding biodistribution of a plurality of biodistributions, and the plurality of biodistributions is generated using a model that is provided inputs of a location of a biomarker, a concentration of the biomarker, and a change in the location or concentration of the biomarker during disease progression; and   analyzing some or all of the plurality of biodistributions using the one or more numeric thresholds.   
     
     
         20 . The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of  claim 19 , wherein the one or more-routines, when executed by the processor, cause further acts to be performed comprising:
 generating a matrix for the biomarker probe based upon the analysis of some or all of the plurality of biodistributions using the one or more numeric thresholds.