Acidizing materials and methods and fluids for earth formation protection

Abstract

Fluids for use in operations involving wellbores and/or earth formations, the fluids including formation protective materials for application to an interior surface of earth and/or of a formation and/or of a fracture and/or of a fluid channel of a fracture; acidizing materials and methods; and, in certain aspects, materials for protecting an earth formation so that acid in acidizing fluids does not cause undesirable formation erosion and/or so that unprotected areas are eroded more than protected areas. This abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims, 37 C.F.R. 1.72 (b).

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 .- 50 . (canceled) 
     
     
         51 . A method comprising:
 contacting a permeable treatment zone in fluid communication between a wellbore and a fluid reservoir with a treatment fluid comprising a clay stabilizer and formation protective material,   with sufficient clay stabilizer and sufficient formation protective material and for a period of time effective to inhibit fines production and migration in the permeable treatment zone,   said formation protective material comprising a water soluble metal salt.   
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 51  wherein the water soluble metal salt is one of cationic metal salts, water-soluble aluminum salts, aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrates, cloroaluminate, zirconium chlorides, zirconium tetrachloride, zirconocene dichloride, zirconium (III) chloride, zirconium salts and aluminum zirconium tetracholorhydrex glycine. 
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 51  further including
 applying the formation protective material to an interior surface of earth at the permeable treatment zone to selectively locate a fracture therein. 
 
     
     
         54 . A method comprising:
 contacting a permeable treatment zone in fluid communication between a wellbore and a fluid reservoir in an earth formation with a treatment fluid comprising formation protective material and a clay stabilizer for a period of time effective to inhibit fines migration in the treatment zone; and, thereafter   displacing a second fluid through the treatment zone between the wellbore and the reservoir,   the formation protective material comprising one or a combination of water-soluble metal salts, cationic metal salts, water-soluble aluminum salts, aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrates, cloroaluminate, zirconium chlorides, zirconium tetrachloride, zirconocene dichloride, zirconium (III) chloride, zirconium salts and aluminum zirconium tetracholorhydrex glycine.   
     
     
         55 . the method of  claim 54  wherein the treatment fluid is a saline treatment fluid, the clay stabilizer is a poly(oxyalkylene) polyamine, and the second fluid entering the treatment zone comprises an aqueous phase essentially free of the clay stabilizer. 
     
     
         56 . The method of  claim 55  wherein the saline treatment fluid comprises the clay stabilizer in an amount from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent by weight of the liquid phase. 
     
     
         57 . The method of claim  37  or  38  further comprising hydraulically fracturing the formation. 
     
     
         58 . The method of  claim 57  further comprising hydraulically fracturing the formation wherein a fluid in each of a plurality of fluid injection stages comprises the saline treatment fluid. 
     
     
         59 . The method of  claim 55  wherein the saline treatment fluid comprises one of: a carrier for the gravel for gravel packing, a prepad, and a preflush in an operation to treat the formation. 
     
     
         60 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the formation protective material (“FPM”) is present in an amount that is one of:
 the ratio of FPM to other material is −0.1 to 1000; a ratio of 0.1 gallons to 1000 gallons; a ratio of between 0.1 and 0.5 FPM to 1000 other material; in certain aspects, a ratio of between 0.1 and 0.5 gallons FPM to 1000 gallons other material; a ratio of 1:1000; a ratio of 1 gallon of FPMs to 1000 gallons of other material a ratio of between 0.1 to 2.0 of FPM to 1000 of other material; in a ratio of between 0.1 to 2.0 gallons of FPM to 1000 gallons of other material; a ratio of between 0.25 and 0.50 FPM to 1000 other material; a ratio of between 0.25 and 0.50 gallons FPM to 1000 gallons other material; from about 0.01 g/L of fluid (0.1 lb/1000 gal of fluid (ppt)) to less than about 7.2 g/L (60 ppt), from about 0.018 to about 4.8 g/L (about 1.5 to about 40 ppt), from about 0.018 to about 4.2 g/L (about 1.5 to about 35 ppt), from 0.018 to about 3 g/L (1.5 to about 25 ppt), from about 0.24 to about 1.2 g/L , about 2 to about 10 ppt. from 0.01 to 0.4 percent by weight of a fluid, from 0.025 to 0.2 percent by weight of a fluid, at a rate within a range of from any lower limit selected from 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, ; 0.2 percent by weight of a liquid phase, up to any higher upper limit selected from 1.0, 0.5, 0.4, 0.25, 0.2, 0.15, 0.1 percent by weight of the liquid phase; and FPM from about 1% to about 10% by volume based upon total fluid volume 100%. 
 
     
     
         61 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the formation protective material is between 10 to 60 weight percent of the treatment fluid, weight percent being by weight of material in water for each gallon of fluid. 
     
     
         62 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the fluid protective material is. present as on of: about 32 weight percent, about 35 weight percent, and about 40 weight percent of the treatment fluid. 
     
     
         63 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the formation protective material is in fluid pumped into an earth formation and is present as between 0.1 to 2.0 gallons for each 1000 total gallons of fluid pumped into the earth formation. 
     
     
         64 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the step of contacting a permeable treatment zone is part of an operation that is one of an operation that is: drilling, injection, fracturing, testing, workover, completion, flushing, and treating. 
     
     
         65 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the treatment fluid is one of: workover fluid, fracturing fluid, flushing fluid, slickwater fluid, water-based fluids, drilling mud, cements, completion fluid, slurry, injection fluid, matrix treatment fluid, hydraulic fracturing fluid, stimulation fluid, isolation fluid, drill-in fluid, water-base fluid, pneumatic fluid, non-water-base fluid, remediation fluid, suspension, emulsion, fluid with proppants, and brine, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         66 . The method of  claim 54  wherein the treatment fluid is a fracturing fluid that is one of: aqueous solution, gelled aqueous solution, aqueous acid solution, gelled aqueous acid solution, aqueous emulsion, and aqueous acid containing emulsion. 
     
     
         67 . The method of  claim 54  further comprising
 creating a fracture in the earth formation, the fracture having an interior surface with fracture faces; 
 applying to said fracture faces the formation protective material; 
 injecting into the fracture a formation etching agent; and 
 wherein the formation etching agent etches fracture faces of the fracture so as to form a flow channel in the formation. 
 
     
     
         68 . The method of  claim 67  wherein wherein the formation etching agent is selected from: mineral acids and mixtures thereof, organic acids and mixtures thereof, mineral acids and mixtures of mineral acids mixed with gelling agent, organic acids and mixtures of organic acids mixed with gelling agent, water soluble hydroxides and mixtures of water soluble hydroxides, water soluble hydroxides and mixtures of water soluble hydroxides mixed with gelling agent hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid mixtures, hydrochloric acid mixed with gelling agent, hydrofluoric acid mixed with gelling agent, acetic acid, formic acid, acetic acid mixed with gelling agent, formic acid mixed with gelling agent, citric acid, alkali metal hydroxides and mixtures of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides and mixtures of alkaline earth metal hydroxides, lime and mixtures of lime with other basic metal oxides and hydroxides, alkali metal hydroxides and mixtures of alkali metal hydroxides mixed with gelling agent, alkaline earth metal hydroxides and mixtures of alkaline earth metal hydroxides mixed with gelling agent, lime and mixtures of lime with other basic metal oxides and hydroxides and gelling agent. 
     
     
         69 . The method of  claim 68  wherein the formation protective material is miscible with the formation etching agent. 
     
     
         70 . A method comprising:
 providing a treatment fluid including a carrier fluid with formation protective material therein,   injecting the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation, formation protective material applied to earth of the subterranean formation; and   acidizing at least a portion of the subterranean formation,   the formation protective material being one of or a combination of water-soluble metal salts, cationic metal