Nanotextured surfaces

Abstract

The invention describes novel compositions that include a cross linking compound, a polymer and a 1 nm to about a 25 micron sized particle optionally with an oxide layer. In particular, the particle is a silica and one which has been pretreated with a silane.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A composition comprising a compound of formula:
   L-(D-CH 2 CH(OP)CH 2 GR 3 C(═O)R 4 ) m  
   wherein L is a branched or unbranched alkyl chain having between about 2 and about 10 carbon atoms,   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17  are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aryl group or denotes a bond with D, provided at least two of R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17  are bonded with two different D and each K, independently, is CH or N, 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       R 20  and R 21  are each individually a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, a urea, a uracil, or a mannitol;
 D is O; 
 P is a hydrogen atom or a protecting group; 
 G is O; 
 R 3  and R 4  are, each independently, aryl; and 
 m is an integer from 2 to about 10; 
 a polymer; and 
 a particle having a particle size of between about 1 nm to about 25 microns. 
 
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles are fabricated from material selected from the group of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, gold, silver, nickel, iron oxide, and alloys, polystyrene, (meth) acrylate, PTFE, silica, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, silicone, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, ethylenically unsaturated polymers, polyanhydride, polycaprolactone, polylactideglycolide, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the particles are selected from the group of nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition is super hydrophobic and has a water contact angle above 150°. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition is ultra hydrophobic and has a water contact angle of 120° to 150°. 
     
     
         6 . A method to modify a substrate comprising the step of applying a composition comprising the compound, polymer and particle of  claim 1  to a surface of a substrate, such that the substrate surface is modified. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the compound is photoactivated such that at least one photoactivatable group within the compound forms a bond with the surface of the substrate. 
     
     
         8 . A composition comprising a compound of formula:
   L-(T-C(R 1 )(XP)CHR 2 GR 3 C(═O)R 4 ) m  
   wherein L is a branched or unbranched alkyl chain having between about 2 and about 10 carbon atoms,   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17  are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aryl group or denotes a bond with T, provided at least two of R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17  are bonded with two different T and each K, independently, is CH or N, 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       R 20  and R 21  are each individually a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, a urea, a uracil, or a mannitol;
 T is (—CH 2 —) x , or forms a bond; 
 R 1  is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, aryl, aryloxyalkyl or aryloxyaryl group; 
 X is O, 
 P is a hydrogen atom or a protecting group; 
 R 2  is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, aryl, aryloxyalkyl or aryloxyaryl group; 
 G is O; 
 R 3  and R 4  are, each independently, aryl; 
 x is an integer from 1 to about 500; 
 m is an integer from 2 to about 10; 
 a polymer; and 
 a particle having a particle size of between about 1 nm to about 25 microns. 
 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the particles are fabricated from material selected from the group of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, gold, silver, nickel, iron oxide, and alloys, polystyrene, (meth) acrylate, PTFE, silica, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, silicone, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, ethylenically unsaturated polymers, polyanhydride, polycaprolactone, polylactideglycolide, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the particles are selected from the group of nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition is super hydrophobic and has a water contact angle above 150°. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 8 , wherein the composition is ultra hydrophobic and has a water contact angle of 120° to 150°. 
     
     
         13 . A method to modify a substrate comprising the step of applying a composition comprising the compound, polymer and particle of  claim 8  to a surface of a substrate, such that the substrate surface is modified. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the compound is photoactivated such that at least one photoactivatable group within the compound forms a bond with the surface of the substrate. 
     
     
         15 . A composition comprising a compound of formula:
   L-(TGQR 3 C(═O)R 4 ) m  
   wherein L is a branched or unbranched alkyl chain having between about 2 and about 10 carbon atoms,   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17  are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aryl group or denotes a bond with T, provided at least two of R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17  are bonded with two different T and each K, independently, is CH or N, 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       R 20  and R 21  are each individually a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, a urea, a uracil, or a mannitol;
 T is (—CH 2 —) x , or forms a bond; 
 G is O; 
 Q is (—CH 2 —) p , (—CH 2 CH 2 —O—) p , (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —O—) p  or (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —O—) p ; 
 R 3  and R 4  are, each independently, aryl; 
 p is an integer from 1 to about 10; 
 x is an integer from 1 to about 500; and 
 m is an integer from 2 to about 10; 
 a polymer; and 
 a particle having a particle size of between about 1 nm to about 25 microns. 
 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 15 , wherein the particles are fabricated from material selected from the group of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, gold, silver, nickel, iron oxide, and alloys, polystyrene, (meth) acrylate, PTFE, silica, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, silicone, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, ethylenically unsaturated polymers, polyanhydride, polycaprolactone, polylactideglycolide, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 15 , wherein the particles are selected from the group of nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 15 , wherein the composition is super hydrophobic and has a water contact angle above 150°. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 15 , wherein the composition is ultra hydrophobic and has a water contact angle of 120° to 150°. 
     
     
         20 . A method to modify a substrate comprising the step of applying a composition comprising the compound, polymer and particle of  claim 15  to a surface of a substrate, such that the substrate surface is modified.