Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine using exhaust gases to increase cylinder filling

Abstract

Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine using exhaust gases to increase cylinder filling comprises cylinders ( 10 ) with pistons ( 2 ), a head ( 1 ) with lifting valves ( 7 ) and a crankshaft mechanism ( 3 ) and is provided with two cylinders ( 10 ) with mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and/or is provided with three cylinders ( 10 ) with mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and in the head ( 1 ) of each cylinder ( 10 ) there is at least one intake port ( 5 ) interconnected with at least one exhaust port ( 6 ) and at least one lifting valve ( 7 ), while the intake port ( 5 ) is provided with at least one valve ( 8 ) and an exhaust branch ( 9 ) is connected to the exhaust port ( 6 ) and simultaneously exhaust branches ( 9 ) of two cylinders ( 10 ) with mutually shifted cycle are farther joined in a joint ( 11 ) into one cross-section and/or exhaust branches ( 9 ) of three cylinders ( 10 ) with mutually shifted cycle are farther joined in another joint into one cross-section.

1 . A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine using exhaust gases to increase cylinder filling, the engine comprising cylinders with pistons, a head with lifting valves and a crankshaft mechanism wherein the engine is provided with two cylinders with a mutually shifted four-stroke cycle or is provided with three cylinders with a mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and in the head of each cylinder there is at least one intake port that is interconnected with at least one exhaust port and at least one lifting valve, while the intake port is provided with at least one valve and there is an exhaust branch connected to the exhaust port and simultaneously exhaust branches of two cylinders with the mutually shifted four-stroke cycle are further joined in a joint into one cross-section or exhaust branches of three cylinders with the mutually shifted four-stroke cycle are further joined in another joint into one cross-section. 
     
     
         2 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1  wherein lifting valves have both intake and exhaust function. 
     
     
         3 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein the valve of the intake port is in the form of a rotary valve or in the shape of a reed valve. 
     
     
         4 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according  claim 1 , wherein the valve of the intake port is provided with an electronic control. 
     
     
         5 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein to the intake port there is connected an intake manifold, which is provided with a centrifugal compressor or a positive displacement compressor that is mechanically connected to the engine or provided with an electric motor. 
     
     
         6 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein an exhaust valve or an exhaust outlet pipe is placed behind the joint of exhaust branches or behind another joint of exhaust branches. 
     
     
         7 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein behind the joint of exhaust branches or behind another joint of exhaust branches there is a turbine of a turbocharger and a compressor of the turbocharger is placed in the intake manifold, while the exhaust outlet pipe is connected to an outlet of the turbine of the turbocharger. 
     
     
         8 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein the engine comprises more cooperating pairs of cylinders that have mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and that are provided with joints of exhaust branches or more cooperating trios of cylinders that have mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and that are provided with other joints of exhaust branches. 
     
     
         9 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein the engine comprises more cooperating pairs of cylinders that have mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and that are provided with joints of exhaust branches or more cooperating trios of cylinders that have mutually shifted four-stroke cycle and that are provided with other joints of exhaust branches, while joints or other joints are further connected to separated sections of an inlet housing of the turbine of shared turbocharger. 
     
     
         10 . The multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to  claim 1 , wherein the lifting valve has a valve head of an annular shape.