Oligomeric and Polymeric Electronically-Modified Boronic Acids and Methods of Using the Same

Abstract

Crosslinked gelling agents employed during subterranean operations use electronically-modified boronic acids to enable higher operating temperatures while allowing reduced gelling agent loadings; the boronic acids having Formula I: X 1 and X 2 are independently selected from O, CH 2 , CH 2 O, OCH 2 , bond, and null, Y 1 and Y 2 are independently N or C, Ar is a 5- or 6-membered ring aryl or heteroaryl group with a link L to monomer unit M 1 , m is 1 or 2, n is 0, 1, 2, or 3, and each Z is independently an electron withdrawing group selected from nitro, ester, carboxylic acids, carboxylates, halogen, cyano, amide, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, CF 3 , a quaternary ammonium salt, polyhaloalkyl, and carbamate, with the proviso that when n is 0, the link L between M 1 and Ar includes an electron withdrawing group attached to Ar, and introducing the treatment fluids into subterranean formations.

The invention claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method comprising:
 providing a treatment fluid that comprises:
 an aqueous base fluid; 
 a gelling agent; and 
 an oligomer or polymer comprising:
 a monomer unit M 1  comprising a boronic acid; and 
 an optional comonomer;
 wherein the boronic acid comprises a structure of Formula I: 
 
 
   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
             
                wherein X 1  and X 2  are independently selected from the group consisting of O, CH 2 , CH 2 O, OCH 2 , bond, and null; 
                Y 1  and Y 2  are independently N or C; 
                Ar is a 5- or 6-membered ring aryl or heteroaryl group with a link L to monomer unit M 1 ; 
                m is 1 or 2; 
                n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and 
                each incidence of Z is independently an electron withdrawing group selected from the group consisting of nitro, ester, carboxylic acids, carboxylates, halogen, cyano, amide, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, CF 3 , a quaternary ammonium salt, polyhaloalkyl, and carbamate; 
                with the proviso that when n is 0, the link L between M 1  and Ar comprises an electron withdrawing group attached to Ar; and 
             
           
         
         introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation. 
       
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein Ar is phenyl and X 1  or X 2  is null and m is 2. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein Ar is phenyl, X 1  and X 2  are O, and m is 1. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises one selected from the group consisting of a block copolymer, a homopolymer, and a random copolymer. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the oligomer or polymer comprises a molecular weight in a range from about 1,000 Daltons to about 10 MegaDaltons. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent comprises a polymer comprising a plurality of hydroxyl functional groups. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the gelling agent comprises an oligomer or polymer selected from the group consisting of a polysaccharide, a galactomannan, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, a polyvinyl alcohol, a cellulose, a xanthan, a diutan hydroxyethyl cellulose, caboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, and derivative thereof, and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the gelling agent comprises guar. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent and the polymer crosslink to form a gel that is stable at a pH in a range from about 6 to about 8 at temperatures in a range from about ambient temperature to about 125° C. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent and the polymer crosslink to form a gel that is stable at a pH in a range from about 9 to about 11 at temperatures in a range from about 200° C. to about 275° C. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent and the polymer crosslink to form a gel that is stable at a pH of about 11 at temperatures in a range from about 275° C. to about 300° C. 
     
     
         12 . A method comprising:
 providing a treatment fluid that comprises:
 an aqueous base fluid; 
 a gelling agent; 
 a polymer comprising:
 a monomer unit M 1  comprising a boronic acid; and 
 an optional comonomer;
 wherein the boronic acid comprises a structure of Formula I: 
 
 
   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
             
                wherein X 1  and X 2  are independently selected from the group consisting of O, CH 2 , CH 2 O, OCH 2 , bond, and null; 
                Y 1  and Y 2  are independently N or C; 
                Ar is a 5- or 6-membered ring aryl or heteroaryl group with a link L to monomer unit M 1 ; 
                m is 1 or 2; 
                n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and 
                each incidence of Z is independently an electron withdrawing group selected from the group consisting of nitro, ester, carboxylic acids, carboxylates, halogen, cyano, amide, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, CF 3 , a quaternary ammonium salt, polyhaloalkyl, and carbamate; 
                with the proviso that when n is 0, the link L between M 1  and Ar comprises an electron withdrawing group attached to Ar; and 
             
           
         
         introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create or enhance at least one fracture therein. 
       
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein Ar is phenyl and X 1  or X 2  is null and m is 2. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein Ar is phenyl, X 1  and X 2  are O, and m is 1. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the polymer comprises one selected from the group consisting of a block copolymer, a homopolymer, and a random copolymer. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the gelling agent comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polysaccharide, a guar, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar, a polyvinyl alcohol, a cellulose, a xanthan, hydroxyethyl cellulose, caboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, and derivative thereof, and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the gelling agent comprises guar. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the gelling agent and the polymer crosslink to form a gel that is stable at a pH in a range from about 7 to about 8 at temperatures in a range from about ambient temperature to about 125° C. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the gelling agent and the polymer crosslink to form a gel that is stable at a pH in a range from about 9.75 to about 11 at temperatures in a range from about 200° C. to about 275° C. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the gelling agent and the polymer crosslink to form a gel that is stable at a pH of about 11 at temperatures in a range from about 275° C. to about 300° C.