Functionalized main chain polymers

Abstract

A non crosslinked, covalently crosslinked and/or conically crosslinked polymer, having repeating units of the general formula (1) —K—R—  (1) In which K is a bond, oxygen, sulfur, the radical R is a divalent radical of an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound.

I claim: 
     
         1 . A non-crosslinked, covalently cross-linked and/or ionically cross-linked polymer, having repeating units of the general formula (1)
   —K—R—  (1)
   in which K is a bond, oxygen, sulpur,   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and the radical R is a divalent radical of an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound comprising at least in part bridges of the general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       which joins at least two radicals to one another, Y being a group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably, an alkyl or cycloalkyl group, or an alkylated aryl group, Z being (i) a group including a hydroxyl, (ii) a group having a molecular weight greater than 20 g/mol, composed of optional components H, C, O, N, S, P and halogen atoms, or (iii) a group of the general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and m being an integer greater than or equal to 2. 
     
     
         2 . The polymer of  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is doped with acid. 
     
     
         3 . The polymer of  claim 2 , wherein the acid comprises phosphoric acid. 
     
     
         4 . The polymer of  claim 1 , further comprising a designating sulfinate group of the general formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         5 . The polymer of  claim 4 , wherein the sulfinate group is reacted with a compound of the general formula:
   YL m      where L is a leaving group and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.   
     
     
         6 . The polymer of  claim 4 , wherein the polymer is formed in a mixture comprising at least one precursor polymer having the designated sulfinate group, 
     
     
         7 . The polymer of  claim 6 , wherein the precursor polymer is dissolved in a polar-aprotic solvent selected from the group of consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylactamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl sulfolane. 
     
     
         8 . The polymer of  claim 6 , wherein the solution is reacted with a halogen compound, under stirring. 
     
     
         9 . The polymer of  claim 4 , wherein the polymer is formed in solution in a process in which the polymer solution is spread as a film on to a substrate and the solvent is evaporated at an elevated temperature of higher than 25° C. 
     
     
         10 . The polymer of  claim 9 , wherein the process is carried out under a pressure of 1000 mbar. 
     
     
         11 . The polymer of  claim 4 , wherein the polymer is formed in a process in which the polymer is first treated with acid and then with deionized water. 
     
     
         12 . The polymer of  claim 11 , wherein the polymer is treated with an aqueous alkali prior to being treated with acid.