Mutated protoporphyrinogen ix oxidase (ppx) genes

Abstract

Provided are compositions and methods relating to gene and/or protein mutations in transgenic or non-transgenic plants. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to mutations in the protoporphyrinogen IX (PPX) gene. In some embodiments the disclosure relates to plants that are herbicide resistant.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A non-transgenic plant cell comprising a mutated protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPX) gene, wherein said gene encodes a protein comprising a mutation at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position selected from the group consisting of 52, 85, 105, 111, 130, 139, 143, 144, 145, 147, 165, 167, 170, 180, 185, 192, 193, 199, 206, 212, 219, 220, 221, 226, 228, 229, 230, 237, 244, 256, 257, 270, 271, 272, 305, 311, 316, 318, 332, 343, 354, 357, 359, 360, 366, 393, 403, 424, 426, 430, 438, 440, 444, 455, 457, 470, 478, 483, 484, 485, 487, 490, 503, 508 and 525 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or wherein said gene encodes a protein comprising a mutation at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position selected from the group consisting of 58, 64, 74, 84, 93, 97, 98, 101, 119, 121, 124, 139, 150 151, 157, 164, 170, 177, 187, 188, 195, 214, 215, 229, 230, 271, 274, 278, 283, 292, 296, 307, 324, 330, 396, 404, 406, 410, 421, 423, 434, 447, 448, 449, 451, 454, 465, 470 and 500 of SEQ ID NO: 9. 
     
     
         2 . The non-transgenic plant cell of  claim 1 , wherein the mutations at one or more amino acid positions are selected from the group consisting of:
 a glycine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 52 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 52 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   an asparagine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 85 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to valine at a position corresponding to position 111 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glycine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 130 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to histidine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 143 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 147 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 165 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to histidine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 192 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 192 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 193 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 199 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 206 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to serine at a position corresponding to position 219 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 220 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to methionine at a position corresponding to position 226 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a methionine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 228 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 230 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 244 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 244 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to serine at a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 271 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 272 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 272 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 305 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid arginine at a position corresponding to position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a threonine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 316 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a threonine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 318 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 332 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 357 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a leucine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 360 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 360 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 366 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to methionine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 403 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 424 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to valine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 430 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to serine at a position corresponding to position 438 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 440 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 444 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 455 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to valine at a position corresponding to position 457 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to serine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to serine at a position corresponding to position 478 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 483 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to alanine at a position corresponding to position 484 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 485 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 487 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 490 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 508 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 525 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 525 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   an aspartic acid to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 58 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to valine at a position corresponding to position 64 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glycine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 74 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glycine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 84 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 93 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 97 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO:9;   an alanine to valine at a position corresponding to position 101 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 1 19 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 121 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a threonine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 124 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 150 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 150 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 151 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 157 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 164 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to alanine at a position corresponding to position 164 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 170 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a histidine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 188 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 195 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a proline to serine at a position corresponding to position 214 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a proline to histidine at a position corresponding to position 214 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an isoleucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 215 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an isoleucine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 215 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 230 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 271 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 274 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a phenylalanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 283 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 292 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 307 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 324 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 324 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 330 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 396 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to serine at a position corresponding to position 404 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 406 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 410 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 421 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to valine at a position corresponding to position 423 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 434 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 434 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 447 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to alanine at a position corresponding to position 448 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 449 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 451 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 454 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a tyrosine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 465 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 9; and   a threonine to serine at a position corresponding to position 500 of SEQ ID NO: 9.   
     
     
         3 . A non-transgenic plant comprising a mutated protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPX) gene wherein said gene encodes a protein comprising a mutation at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position selected from the group consisting of 52, 85, 105, 111, 130, 139, 143, 144, 145, 147, 165, 167, 170, 180, 185, 192, 193, 199, 206, 212, 219, 220, 221, 226, 228, 229, 230, 237, 244, 256, 257, 270, 271, 272, 305, 311, 316, 318, 332, 343, 354, 357, 359, 360, 366, 393, 403, 424, 426, 430, 438, 440, 444, 455, 457, 470, 478, 483, 484, 485, 487, 490, 503, 508 and 525 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or wherein said gene encodes a protein comprising a mutation at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position selected from the group consisting of 58, 64, 74, 84, 93, 97, 98, 101, 119, 121, 124, 139, 150 151, 157, 164, 170, 177, 187, 188, 195, 214, 215, 229, 230, 271, 274, 278, 283, 292, 296, 307, 324, 330, 396, 404, 406, 410, 421, 423, 434, 447, 448, 449, 451, 454, 465, 470 and 500 of SEQ ID NO: 9. 
     
     
         4 . The non-transgenic plant of  claim 3 , wherein said mutations at one or more amino acid positions are selected from the group consisting of
 a glycine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 52 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 52 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   an asparagine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 85 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to valine at a position corresponding to position 111 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glycine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 130 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to histidine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 143 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 147 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 165 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to histidine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 192 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 192 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 193 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 199 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 206 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to serine at a position corresponding to position 219 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 220 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to methionine at a position corresponding to position 226 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a methionine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 228 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 230 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 244 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 244 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to serine at a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 271 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 272 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 272 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 305 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid arginine at a position corresponding to position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a threonine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 316 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a threonine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 318 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 332 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 357 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a leucine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 360 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 360 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 366 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to methionine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 403 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 424 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to valine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 430 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to serine at a position corresponding to position 438 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 440 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 444 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 455 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to valine at a position corresponding to position 457 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to serine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to serine at a position corresponding to position 478 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 483 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to alanine at a position corresponding to position 484 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 485 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 487 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 490 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 508 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 525 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 525 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   an aspartic acid to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 58 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to valine at a position corresponding to position 64 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glycine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 74 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glycine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 84 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 93 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 97 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO:9;   an alanine to valine at a position corresponding to position 101 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 1 19 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 121 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a threonine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 124 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 150 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 150 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 151 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 157 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 164 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to alanine at a position corresponding to position 164 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 170 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a histidine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 188 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 195 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a proline to serine at a position corresponding to position 214 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a proline to histidine at a position corresponding to position 214 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an isoleucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 215 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an isoleucine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 215 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 230 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 271 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 274 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a phenylalanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 283 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 292 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 307 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 324 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 324 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 330 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 396 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to serine at a position corresponding to position 404 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 406 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 410 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 421 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to valine at a position corresponding to position 423 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 434 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 434 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 447 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to alanine at a position corresponding to position 448 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 449 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 451 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 454 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a tyrosine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 465 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 9; and   a threonine to serine at a position corresponding to position 500 of SEQ ID NO: 9.   
     
     
         5 . The non-transgenic plant of  claim 4 , wherein said plant is selected from the group consisting of potato, sunflower, sugar beet, maize, cotton, soybean, wheat, rye, oats, rice, canola, fruits, vegetables, tobacco, barley, sorghum, tomato, mango, peach, apple, pear, strawberry, banana, melon, carrot, lettuce, onion, soya spp, sugar cane, pea, field beans, poplar, grape, citrus, alfalfa, rye, oats, turf and forage grasses, flax, oilseed rape, cucumber, morning glory, balsam, pepper, eggplant, marigold, lotus, cabbage, daisy, carnation, petunia, tulip, iris, lily, and nut-producing plants. 
     
     
         6 . The non-transgenic plant of  claim 4 , wherein said plant is resistant to one or more PPX-inhibiting herbicides. 
     
     
         7 . A method for producing a non-transgenic plant cell with a mutated PPX gene, comprising introducing into a plant cell a gene repair oligonucleobase (GRON) with a targeted mutation in a protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPX) gene to produce a plant cell with a PPX gene that expresses a PPX protein comprising a mutation at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position selected from the group consisting of 52, 85, 105, 111, 130, 139, 143, 144, 145, 147, 165, 167, 170, 180, 185, 192, 193, 199, 206, 212, 219, 220, 221, 226, 228, 229, 230, 237, 244, 256, 257, 270, 271, 272, 305, 311, 316, 318, 332, 343, 354, 357, 359, 360, 366, 393, 403, 424, 426, 430, 438, 440, 444, 455, 457, 470, 478, 483, 484, 485, 487, 490, 503, 508 and 525 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or wherein said gene encodes a protein comprising a mutation at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position selected from the group consisting of 58, 64, 74, 84, 93, 97, 98, 101, 119, 121, 124, 139, 150 151, 157, 164, 170, 177, 187, 188, 195, 214, 215, 229, 230, 271, 274, 278, 283, 292, 296, 307, 324, 330, 396, 404, 406, 410, 421, 423, 434, 447, 448, 449, 451, 454, 465, 470 and 500 of SEQ ID NO: 9. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said mutation comprises one or more mutations at one or more amino acid position selected from the group consisting of
 a glycine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 52 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 52 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   an asparagine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 85 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to valine at a position corresponding to position 111 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glycine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 130 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to histidine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 143 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 144 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 147 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 165 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to histidine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 192 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 192 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 193 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 199 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 206 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to serine at a position corresponding to position 219 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 220 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to methionine at a position corresponding to position 226 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a methionine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 228 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 230 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 244 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 244 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an arginine to serine at a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a proline to arginine at a position corresponding to position 271 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 272 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 272 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 305 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid arginine at a position corresponding to position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a threonine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 316 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a threonine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 318 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 332 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 357 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 359 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   a leucine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 360 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 360 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an alanine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 366 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to methionine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 403 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 424 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a tyrosine to valine at a position corresponding to position 426 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 430 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to serine at a position corresponding to position 438 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 440 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 444 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 455 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to valine at a position corresponding to position 457 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to serine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to serine at a position corresponding to position 478 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a phenylalanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 483 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to alanine at a position corresponding to position 484 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 485 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 487 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a lysine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 490 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a leucine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   a valine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 508 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 525 of SEQ ID NO: 1;   an isoleucine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 525 of SEQ ID NO: 7;   an aspartic acid to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 58 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to valine at a position corresponding to position 64 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glycine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 74 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glycine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 84 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 93 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 97 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to cysteine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 98 of SEQ ID NO:9;   an alanine to valine at a position corresponding to position 101 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 1 19 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 121 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a threonine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 124 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 139 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 150 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamic acid to lysine at a position corresponding to position 150 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 151 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a glutamine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 157 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 164 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to alanine at a position corresponding to position 164 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 170 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a histidine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 188 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 195 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a proline to serine at a position corresponding to position 214 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a proline to histidine at a position corresponding to position 214 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an isoleucine to serine at a position corresponding to position 215 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an isoleucine to histidine at a position corresponding to position 215 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to glutamine at a position corresponding to position 229 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 230 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to arginine at a position corresponding to position 271 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 274 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a phenylalanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 283 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to glycine at a position corresponding to position 292 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 307 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 324 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an asparagine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 324 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 330 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to leucine at a position corresponding to position 396 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to serine at a position corresponding to position 404 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an arginine to lysine at a position corresponding to position 406 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 410 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a leucine to valine at a position corresponding to position 421 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an alanine to valine at a position corresponding to position 423 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to serine at a position corresponding to position 434 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a cysteine to tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 434 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 447 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a serine to alanine at a position corresponding to position 448 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a valine to glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 449 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to glycine at a position corresponding to position 451 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   an aspartic acid to asparagine at a position corresponding to position 454 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a tyrosine to phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 465 of SEQ ID NO: 9;   a lysine to threonine at a position corresponding to position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 9; and   a threonine to serine at a position corresponding to position 500 of SEQ ID NO: 9.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said plant cell is of a plant selected from the group consisting of potato, sunflower, sugar beet, maize, cotton, soybean, wheat, rye, oats, rice, canola, fruits, vegetables, tobacco, barley, sorghum, tomato, mango, peach, apple, pear, strawberry, banana, melon, carrot, lettuce, onion, soya spp, sugar cane, pea, field beans, poplar, grape, citrus, alfalfa, rye, oats, turf and forage grasses, flax, oilseed rape, cucumber, morning glory, balsam, pepper, eggplant, marigold, lotus, cabbage, daisy, carnation, petunia, tulip, iris, lily, and nut-producing plants. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said plant is resistant to one or more PPX-inhibiting herbidicides. 
     
     
         11 . A method according to  claim 8 , further comprising:
 identifying a plant cell having substantially normal growth and catalytic activity as compared to a corresponding wild-type plant cell in the presence of a herbicide; and   regenerating a non-transgenic herbicide-resistant plant having a mutated PPX gene from said plant cell.   
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the herbicide is a PPX-inhibiting herbicide.