Hypergolic bipropellants

Abstract

A hypergolic bipropellant. The hypergolic bipropellant includes a hydrazinium-based ionic liquid, a nitric acid-based oxidizer, and a catalyst.

1 . A hypergolic bipropellant comprising:
 a hydrazinium-based ionic liquid;   a nitric acid-based oxidizer; and   a catalyst.   
     
     
         2 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a volatile fuel.   
     
     
         3 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , wherein the volatile fuel is a homogenous miscible fuel. 
     
     
         4 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is ammonium vanadate. 
     
     
         5 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , wherein the hydrazinium-based ionic liquid is a hydrazinium nitrate. 
     
     
         6 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 5 , wherein the hydrazinium nitrate is 2-hydroxyalkyl hydrazinium or 2-hydroxyethyl hydrazinium nitrate. 
     
     
         7 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , wherein the nitric acid-based oxidizer is nitric acid, white fuming nitric acid, red fuming nitric acid, inhibited red fuming nitric acid, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , wherein the volatile fuel is a non-toxic homogenous miscible fuel, dimethylazidoehtylamine, JP-10, furfuryl alcohol, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 1 , wherein the hydrazinium-based ionic liquid is 2-hydroxyethyl hydrazinium nitrate and the catalyst is ammonium vanadate. 
     
     
         10 . A hypergolic bipropellant comprising:
 a hydrazinium-based ionic liquid;   a nitric acid-based oxidizer;   a volatile fuel; and   a catalyst.   
     
     
         11 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 9 , wherein the catalyst is furfuryl alcohol or ammonium vanadate and the nitric acid-based oxidizer is nitric acid, white fuming nitric acid, red fuming nitric acid, inhibited red fuming nitric acid, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 10 , wherein the hydrazinium-based ionic liquid is a hydrazinium nitrate and the volatile fuel is a non-toxic homogenous miscible fuel, dimethylazidoehtylamine, JP-10, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         13 . A hypergolic bipropellant system comprising:
 a first component comprising:
 a hydrazinium-based ionic liquid; and 
   a second component comprising:
 a nitric acid-based oxidizer; and 
 a catalyst, 
   
       wherein mixing of the first component with the second component is configured to cause an ignition. 
     
     
         14 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 13 , wherein ignition occurs within 75 msec of mixing the first component with the second component. 
     
     
         15 . The hypergolic bipropellant of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 a volatile fuel selected from the group consisting of a non-toxic homogenous miscible fuel, dimethylazidoehtylamine, JP-10, furfuryl alcohol, and combinations thereof.