Serotonin transporter gene and treatment of alcoholism

Abstract

The gene responsible for encoding SERT has a functional polymorphism at the 5′-regulatory promoter region, which results in two forms, long (L) and short (S). The LL-genotype is hypothesized to play a key role in the early onset of alcohol use. The present invention discloses the differences in treatment and diagnosis based on the L or short genotypes as well as on a single nucleotide polymorphism of the SERT gene, the 3′ UTR SNP rs1042173. The present invention demonstrates the efficacy of using the drug ondansetron and similar drugs for treatment based on variations in the polymorphisms of the SERT gene as well as methods for diagnosing susceptibility to abuse of alcohol and other addiction-related diseases and disorders.

1 . (canceled) 
     
     
         2 . A method of treating an alcohol-related disease, comprising: administering an antagonist of the serotonin receptor 5-HT3 to a patient known to have the TT genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1042173 of the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the 5-HT3 antagonist is ondansetron. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein the ondansetron is administered at a dosage ranging from about 1.0 μg/kg per application to about 5.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein ondansetron is administered at a dosage of about 3.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein ondansetron is administered at a dosage of about 4.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein ondansetron is administered at least once a day. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein ondansetron is administered at least twice a day. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the patient suffers from early onset alcoholism. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the patient suffers from late onset alcoholism. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the alcohol-related disease is alcohol dependence. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11  wherein the 5-HT3 antagonist is ondansetron. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the ondansetron is administered at a dosage ranging from about 1.0 μg/kg per application to about 5.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein ondansetron is administered at a dosage of about 3.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein ondansetron is administered at a dosage of about 4.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein ondansetron is administered at least once a day. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein ondansetron is administered at least twice a day. 
     
     
         18 . A method of treating an alcohol-related disease, comprising:
 (a) determining whether a patient has the G allele or is homozygous for the T allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1042173 of the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4; and   (b) administering an antagonist of the serotonin receptor 5-HT3 to the patient if the patient is found to have the TT genotype so as to treat an alcohol-related disease.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the 5-HT3 antagonist is ondansetron. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the patient suffers from early onset alcoholism. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the patient suffers from late onset alcoholism. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the alcohol-related disease is alcohol dependence. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein the 5-HT3 antagonist is ondansetron. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein the ondansetron is administered at a dosage ranging from about 1.0 μg/kg per application to about 5.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein ondansetron is administered at a dosage of about 3.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein ondansetron is administered at a dosage of about 4.0 μg/kg per application. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein ondansetron is administered at least once a day. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein ondansetron is administered at least twice a day.