US2014221383A1PendingUtilityA1

Cetp inhibitors

60
Assignee: MERCK SHARP & DOHMEPriority: Jul 2, 2004Filed: Apr 14, 2014Published: Aug 7, 2014
Est. expiryJul 2, 2024(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
A61P 3/10A61P 3/06A61P 9/08A61P 43/00A61P 9/10A61P 9/14A61P 9/12A61P 7/00A61P 9/00A61P 39/02A61P 3/00A61P 3/04C07D 417/10C07D 417/04C07D 263/20A61K 31/4168C07F 7/10C07D 233/32C07D 263/24A61K 31/501A61K 31/433C07D 207/27A61K 31/421C07D 233/52C07D 285/10A61K 31/427A61K 31/497C07D 263/26A61K 31/506C07D 413/10C07D 263/22C07D 207/26A61K 31/422A61K 31/4015C07D 413/04C07D 233/50C07D 401/04C07D 263/04A61K 31/4166C07D 285/06A61K 45/06C07D 233/38A61K 31/4439C07F 7/1804C07D 413/06
60
PatentIndex Score
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Claims

Abstract

Compounds having the structures of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, are CETP inhibitors, and are useful for raising HDL-cholesterol, reducing LDL-cholesterol, and for treating or preventing atherosclerosis: In the compounds of Formula I, B or R 2 is a phenyl group which has an ortho aryl, heterocyclic, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent, and one other position on the 5-membered ring has an aromatic, heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, benzoheterocyclic or benzocycloalkyl substituent connected directly to the ring or attached to the ring through a —CH 2 —.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A compound having Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         Y is selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)— and —(CRR 1 )—; 
         X is selected from the group consisting of —O—, —NH—, —N(C 1 -C 5 alkyl)-, and —(CRR 6 )—; 
         Z is selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—, —S(O) 2 —, and —C(═N—R 9 )—, wherein R 9  is selected from the group consisting of H, —CN, and C 1 -C 5 alkyl optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens; 
         Each R is independently selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and halogen, wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens; 
         B is selected from the group consisting of A 1  and A 2 , wherein A 1  has the structure: 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 1  and R 6  are each selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, halogen, and —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 , wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens; 
         R 2  is selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, halogen, A 1 , and —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 , wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens; 
         Wherein one of B and R 2  is A 1 ; and one of B, R 1 , R 2 , and R 6  is A 2  or —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 ; so that the compound of Formula I comprises one group A 1  and one group A 2 ; 
         A 3  is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) an aromatic ring selected from phenyl and naphthyl; 
 (b) a phenyl ring fused to a 5-7 membered non-aromatic cycloalkyl ring, which optionally comprises 1-2 double bonds; 
 (c) a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, O, and —N(O)—, and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds and a carbonyl group, wherein the point of attachment of A 3  to the phenyl ring to which A 3  is attached is a carbon atom; and 
 (d) a benzoheterocyclic ring comprising a phenyl ring fused to a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and —S(O) x — and optionally 1-2 double bonds, wherein the point of attachment of A 3  to the phenyl ring to which A 3  is attached is a carbon atom; 
 
         A 2  is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) an aromatic ring selected from phenyl and naphthyl; 
 (b) a phenyl ring fused to a 5-7 membered non-aromatic cycloalkyl ring, which optionally comprises 1-2 double bonds; 
 (c) a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, O, and —N(O)—, and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds and a carbonyl group; 
 (d) a benzoheterocyclic ring comprising a phenyl ring fused to a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and optionally 1-2 double bonds; and 
 (e) a —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl ring optionally having 1-3 double bonds; 
 
         wherein A 3  and A 2  are each optionally substituted with 1-5 substituent groups independently selected from Ra; 
         Each R a  is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —C 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —C 2 -C 6  alkynyl, —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —OC 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —OC 2 -C 6  alkynyl, —OC 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, —C(═O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl, —C(═O)H, —CO 2 H, —CO 2 C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —OH, —NR 3 R 4 , —C(═O)NR 3 R 4 , —NR 3 C(═O)OC 1 -C 6  alkyl, —NR 3 C(═O)NR 3 R 4 , —S(O) x C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —S(O) y NR 3 R 4 , —NR 3 S(O) y NR 3 R 4 , halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , and a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, said heterocyclic ring optionally also comprising a carbonyl group and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds, wherein the point of attachment of said heterocyclic ring to the ring to which R a  is attached is a carbon atom, wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with 1-5 substituent groups independently selected from halogen, —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, and —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl, wherein —C 1 -C 3  alkyl and —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl are optionally substituted with 1-7 halogens; 
         wherein for compounds in which R a  is selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —C 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —C 2 -C 6  alkynyl, —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —OC 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —OC 2 -C 6  alkynyl, —OC 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, —C(═O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl, —CO 2 C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)SC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —NR 3 C(═O)OC 1 -C 6  alkyl, and —S(O) x C 1 -C 6  alkyl, then R a  is optionally substituted with 1-15 halogens and is optionally also substituted with 1-3 substituent groups independently selected from (a) —OH, (b) —CN, (c) —NR 3 R 4 , (d) —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds and optionally substituted with 1-15 halogens, (e) —OC 1 -C 4 alkyl optionally substituted with 1-9 halogens and optionally also substituted with 1-2 substituent groups independently selected from —OC 1 -C 2  alkyl and phenyl, (f) —OC 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds and optionally substituted with 1-15 halogens, (g) —CO 2 H, (h) —C(═O)CH 3 , (i) —CO 2 C 1 -C 4 alkyl which is optionally substituted with 1-9 halogens, and (j) phenyl which is optionally substituted with 1-3 groups independently selected from halogen, —CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OCH 3 , and —OCF 3 ; 
         with the proviso that when B is A 1 , and X and Y are —CH 2 —, and Z is —C(═O)—, and R 2  is phenyl which has a substituent R a  in the 4-position, wherein R a  is —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl which is optionally substituted as described above, then there are no other R a  substitutents on R 2  in which R a  is selected from —OH, —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —OC 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —OC 2 -C 6  alkynyl, and —OC 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, optionally substituted as described above. 
         n is 0 or 1; 
         p is an integer from 0-4; 
         x is 0, 1, or 2; 
         y is 1 or 2; 
         R 3  and R 4  are each independently selected from H, —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, —C(═O)C 1 -C 5  alkyl and —S(O) y C 1 -C 5  alkyl, wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl in all instances is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens; and 
         R 5  is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and halogen, wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens. 
       
     
     
         2 . The compound of  claim 1 , which is selected from the group consisting of compounds having Formula Ia, Ib, and Id, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         3 . The compound of  claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
 Y is —(CRR 1 )—;   R and R 6  are each independently selected from the group consisting of H and —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens;   R 1  is selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, and —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 , wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens;   Wherein one of B and R 2  is A 1 ; and one of B, R 1 , and R 2  is A 2  or —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 ; so that the compound of Formula I comprises one group A 1  and one group A 2 ;   A 3  is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) an aromatic ring selected from phenyl and naphthyl; 
 (b) a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, O, and —N(O)—, and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds and a carbonyl group, wherein the point of attachment of A 3  to the phenyl ring to which A 3  is attached is a carbon atom; and 
 (c) a benzoheterocyclic ring comprising a phenyl ring fused to a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and —S(O) x — and optionally 1-2 double bonds, wherein the point of attachment of A 3  to the phenyl ring to which A 3  is attached is a carbon atom; 
   A 2  is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) an aromatic ring selected from phenyl and naphthyl; 
 (b) a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, O, and —N(O)—, and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds and a carbonyl group; 
 (c) a benzoheterocyclic ring comprising a phenyl ring fused to a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and optionally 1-2 double bonds; and 
 (d) a —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl ring optionally having 1-3 double bonds; 
   wherein A 3  and A 2  are each optionally substituted with 1-4 substituent groups independently selected from R a ;   Each R a  is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —C 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)H, —CO 2 H, —CO 2 C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —OH, —NR 3 R 4 , —NR 3 C(═O)OC 1 -C 6  alkyl, —S(O) x C 1 -C 6  alkyl, halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , and a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, said heterocyclic ring optionally also comprising a carbonyl group and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds, wherein the point of attachment of said heterocyclic ring to the ring to which R a  is attached is a carbon atom, wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with 1-5 substituent groups independently selected from halogen, —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, and —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl, wherein —C 1 -C 3  alkyl and —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl are optionally substituted with 1-7 halogens;   wherein for compounds in which R a  is selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 6  alkyl, —C 2 -C 6  alkenyl, —C 3 -C 8  cycloalkyl optionally having 1-3 double bonds, —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, —C(═O)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —CO 2 C 1 -C 6 alkyl, —NR 3 C(═O)OC 1 -C 6  alkyl, and —S(O) x C 1 -C 6  alkyl, R a  is optionally substituted with 1-15 halogens and is optionally also substituted with one substituent group selected from (a) —OH, (b) —NR 3 R 4 , (c) —OC 1 -C 4 alkyl optionally substituted with 1-9 halogens and optionally also substituted with 1-2 substituent groups independently selected from —OC 1 -C 2  alkyl and phenyl, and (d) phenyl which is optionally substituted with 1-3 groups independently selected from halogen, —CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OCH 3 , and —OCF 3 ;   with the proviso that when B is A 1 , and X and Y are —CH 2 —, and Z is —C(═O)—, and R 2  is phenyl which has a substituent R a  in the 4-position, wherein R a  is —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl which is optionally substituted as described above, then there are no other R a  substitutents on R 2  in which R a  is —OH or —OC 1 -C 6 alkyl which is optionally substituted as described above;   p is an integer from 0-2;   R 3  and R 4  are each independently selected from H and —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl in all instances is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens; and   R 5  is selected from the group consisting of H, —OH, and —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, wherein —C 1 -C 5  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-11 halogens.   
     
     
         4 . The compound of  claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
 Y is —(CRR 1 )—;   Z is selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—, —S(O) 2 —, and —C(═N—R 9 )—, wherein   R 9  is selected from the group consisting of H, —CN, and CH 3 ;   Each R is independently selected from the group consisting of H and C 1 -C 2  alkyl;   R 6  is selected from the group consisting of H and —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, wherein C 1 -C 3  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-5 halogens;   R 1  is selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, and —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 , wherein —C 1 -C 3  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-5 halogens;   R 2  is selected from the group consisting of H, —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, A 1 , and —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 , wherein —C 1 -C 3  alkyl is optionally substituted with 1-5 halogens;   Wherein one of B and R 2  is A 1 ; and one of B, R 1 , and R 2  is A 2  or —(C(R) 2 ) n A 2 ; so that the compound of Formula I comprises one group A 1  and one group A 2 ;   A 3  is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) phenyl; 
 (b) a 5-6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, O, and —N(O)—, wherein the point of attachment of A 3  to the phenyl ring to which A 3  is attached is a carbon atom; and 
 (c) a benzoheterocyclic ring comprising a phenyl ring fused to a 5-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and —S(O) x , wherein the point of attachment of A 3  to the phenyl ring to which A 3  is attached is a carbon atom; 
   A 2  is selected from the group consisting of:
 (a) phenyl; 
 (b) a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, O, and —N(O)—, and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds; 
 (c) a benzoheterocyclic ring comprising a phenyl ring fused to a 5-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S; and 
 (d) a —C 5 -C 6  cycloalkyl ring; 
   wherein A 3  and A 2  are each optionally substituted with 1-4 substituent groups independently selected from Ra;   Each R a  is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C 2 -C 4  alkenyl, cyclopropyl, —OC 1 -C 2 alkyl, —C(═O)C 1 -C 2 alkyl, —C(═O)H, —CO 2 C 1 -C 4 alkyl, —OH, —NR 3 R 4 , —NR 3 C(═O)OC 1 -C 4  alkyl, —S(O) x C 1 -C 2  alkyl, halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , and a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from N, S, and O, wherein the point of attachment of said heterocyclic ring to the ring to which R a  is attached ring is a carbon atom, wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with 1-5 substituent groups independently selected from halogen;   wherein for compounds in which R a  is selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —C 2 -C 4  alkenyl, —OC 1 -C 2 alkyl, —C(═O)C 1 -C 2 alkyl, —CO 2 C 1 -C 4 alkyl, —NR 3 C(═O)OC 1 -C 4  alkyl, and —S(O) x C 1 -C 2  alkyl, the alkyl group of R a  is optionally substituted with 1-5 halogens and is optionally also substituted with one substituent group selected from (a) —OH, (b) —NR 3 R 4 , (c) —OCH 3  optionally substituted with 1-3 fluorine atoms and optionally also substituted with one phenyl group, and (d) phenyl which is optionally substituted with 1-3 groups independently selected from halogen, —CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OCH 3 , and —OCF 3 ;   with the proviso that when B is A 1 , and X and Y are —CH 2 —, and Z is —C(═O)—, and R 2  is phenyl which has a substituent R a  in the 4-position, wherein R a  is —OC 1 -C 2 alkyl which is optionally substituted as described above, then there are no other R a  substitutents on R 2  in which R a  is selected from —OH or —OC 1 -C 2 alkyl which is optionally substituted as described above;   p is an integer from 0-2; and   R 3 , R 4 , and R 5  are each independently selected from H and —C 1 -C 3  alkyl.   
     
     
         5 . The compound of  claim 4 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
 A 3  is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, N-oxido-pyridyl, thiazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, benzothienyl, benzothienyl-5-oxide, and benzothienyl-5-dioxide; and   A 2  is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, tetrazolyl, benzodioxolyl, pyridyl, N-oxido-pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and tetrahydropyranyl.   
     
     
         6 . The compound of  claim 5 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
 X is selected from the group consisting of —O—, —NH—, and —N(C 1 -C 3 alkyl)-; and   Z is —C(═O)—.   
     
     
         7 . The compound of  claim 4 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A 2  and A 3  are both phenyl; and
 R a  is selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 4  alkyl which is optionally substituted with 1-5 fluorine atoms and is optionally also substituted with one group selected from —OH and —OCH 3 ; —OC 1 -C 2 alkyl, which is optionally substituted with 1-3 fluorine atoms; —C 2 -C 4  alkenyl; —C 1 -C 2  alkyl which is substituted with one group —NR 3 R 4 ; —C 1 -C 2  alkyl-O—C 1 -C 2  alkyl-phenyl; cyclopropyl; —C(═O)H; —OH; —NR 3 R 4 ; —S(O) x C 1 -C 2  alkyl; halogen; —CN; —NO 2 ; and a 5-6-membered heterocyclic ring comprising 1-2 oxygen atoms which is optionally substituted with C 1 -C 2 alkyl;   subject to the same proviso as in  claim 4 .   
     
     
         8 . The compound of  claim 7  having Formula II, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  is selected from the group consisting of Cl and —CF 3 ; 
         Each R b  is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, —OCH 3 , and F; 
         R 1  is selected from the group consisting of H and —C 1 -C 2  alkyl; 
         R c  is selected from the group consisting of halogen, —CH 3 —CF 3 , and —CN; 
         q is 2 or 3; and 
         t is an integer from 0-2. 
       
     
     
         9 . The compound of  claim 7  having Formula Ij, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acceptable salt thereof, wherein: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  is selected from the group consisting of Cl and —CF 3 ; 
         Each R b  is independently selected from the group consisting of —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, —OCH 3 , and F; 
         R 1  is selected from the group consisting of H and —C 1 -C 2  alkyl; 
         R c  is selected from the group consisting of halogen, —CH 3 —CF 3 , and —CN; 
         q is 2 or 3; and 
         t is an integer from 0-2. 
       
     
     
         10 . The compound of  claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
 A 3  is phenyl, which is optionally substituted with 1-4 substituent groups R a , wherein R a  is independently selected from —C 1 -C 5  alkyl, —OC 1 -C 3 alkyl, —CO 2 C 1 -C 3 alkyl, —CO 2 H, halogen, —NR 3 R 4 , —C(═O)C 1 -C 3 alkyl, —C(═O)H, —C(═O)NR 3 R 4 , —SC 1 -C 3  alkyl, —C 2 -C 3  alkenyl, —CN, —NO 2 , and 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, wherein —C 1 -C 3  alkyl and —C 1 -C 5  alkyl in all occurrences is optionally substituted with 1-6 substituents independently selected from 1-5 halogens and one —OH group; and —C 2 -C 3  alkenyl is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens;   A 2  is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, cyclohexyl, and a heterocyclic 5-6 membered ring comprising 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, S, and —N(O)— and optionally also comprising 1-3 double bonds, wherein A 2  is optionally substituted with 1-2 substituent groups independently selected from —C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl, —NO 2 , —CN, —S(O) x C 1 -C 3  alkyl, —NHS(O) 2 C 1 -C 3  alkyl, —NR 3 R 4 , —NR 3 C(═O)R 4 , —C 2 -C 3  alkenyl, —C(═O)NR 3 R 4 , halogen, and pyridyl, wherein C 1 -C 3  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, and C 2 -C 3 alkenyl in all instances is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens, with the proviso that when B is A 1 , and X and Y are —CH 2 —, and Z is —C(═O)—, and R 2  is phenyl which has a substituent R a  in the 4-position in which R a  is —OC 1 -C 3 alkyl which is optionally substituted as described above, then there are no other R a  substitutents on R 2  in which R a  is —OC 1 -C 3 alkyl optionally substituted as described above;   R 3  and R 4  are each independently selected from H and —C 1 -C 3  alkyl; and   p is 0-2.   
     
     
         11 . The compound of  claim 10 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A 1  is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  and R 8  are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, —NR 3 R 4 , —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl, —CN, —NO 2 , and pyridyl, wherein C 1 -C 3  alkyl in all instances is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens; and 
         A 2  is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridyl, and cyclohexyl, wherein A 2  is optionally substituted with 1-2 substituents independently selected from —C 1 -C 4  alkyl, —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl, —NO 2 , —CN, and halogen, wherein C 1 -C 4  alkyl and C 1 -C 3  alkyl in all uses is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens, with the proviso that when B is A 1 , and X and Y are —CH 2 —, and Z is —C(═O)—, and R 2  is phenyl which has a substituent R a  in the 4-position, wherein R a  is —OC 1 -C 3 alkyl which is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens, then there are no other R a  substitutents on R 2  in which R a  is selected from —OC 1 -C 3 alkyl which is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens. 
       
     
     
         12 . The compound of  claim 11 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A 1  is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         R 7  is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, —NR 3 R 4 , —C 1 -C 3  alkyl, —OC 1 -C 3  alkyl, —CN, —NO 2 , and pyridyl, wherein C 1 -C 3  alkyl in all instances is optionally substituted with 1-3 halogens; and 
         R 8  is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, —CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OCH 3 , and —OCF 3 . 
       
     
     
         13 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of  claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         14 . The compound of  claim 4 , which is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         15 . The compound of  claim 4 , which is selected from the group consisting of compounds with the formula (a) to (c), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         16 . The compound of  claim 4 , which is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         17 . The compound of  claim 4 , selected from the group consisting of compounds having the formula (a) to (k), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein A 3 , A 2 , and Z for the compounds (1) to (6) are selected from the group consisting of: 
       
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                   A 3   
                   A 2   
                   Z 
                 
                     
                 
                   (1) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   CO 
                 
                     
                 
                   (2) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   CO 
                 
                     
                 
                   (3) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   CO 
                 
                     
                 
                   (4) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   CO 
                 
                     
                 
                   (5) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   CO and 
                 
                     
                 
                   (6) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   SO 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein A 3  is selected from the group consisting of: 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein A3 and A2 for the compounds (1) to (6) are selected from the group consisting of: 
       
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                   A 3   
                   A 2   
                 
                     
                 
                   (1) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (2) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (3) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (4) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (5) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (6) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is Et or n-Pr; 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R and A3 for the compounds (1) to (4) are selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                   R 
                   A 3   
                 
                     
                 
                   (1) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (2) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (3) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (4) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of: 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein A 2  is selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R is selected from the group consisting of 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein A 3  is selected from the group consisting of: 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein A 3 , R 2  and R 3  for the compounds (1) to (3) are selected from the group consisting of: 
       
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                   A 3   
                   R 2   
                   R 3   
                 
                     
                 
                   (1) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   Et 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (2) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   Et 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
                   (3) 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                   Et 
                   
                     
                       
                       
                           
                           
                       
                     
                   
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         18 . A method of treating atherosclerosis in a patient in need of treatment comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of  claim 1  to said patient, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         19 . A method of raising HDL-C in a patient in need of treatment comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of  claim 1  to said patient, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The use of the compound of  claim 1  or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of atherosclerosis. 
     
     
         21 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of  claim 1  or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of:
 (i) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors; 
 (ii) bile acid sequestrants; 
 (iii) niacin and related compounds; 
 (iv) PPARα agonists; 
 (v) cholesterol absorption inhibitors; 
 (vi) acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors; 
 (vii) phenolic anti-oxidants; 
 (viii) microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP)/ApoB secretion inhibitors; 
 (ix) anti-oxidant vitamins; 
 (x) thyromimetics; 
 (xi) LDL (low density lipoprotein) receptor inducers; 
 (xii) platelet aggregation inhibitors; 
 (xiii) vitamin B12 (also known as cyanocobalamin); 
 (xiv) folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof; 
 (xv) FXR and LXR ligands; 
 (xvi) agents that enhance ABCA1 gene expression; and 
 (xvii) ileal bile acid transporters.

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