Hydrodynamic axial bearing

Abstract

A hydrodynamic axial bearing for mounting a shaft which is mounted rotatably in a bearing housing, including an axial stop of the bearing housing and a bearing comb which rotates with the shaft. A lubricating gap, which is loaded with lubricating oil and is delimited by a profiled circular ring face and a sliding face, being formed between the axial stop and the bearing comb. The profiled circular ring face and the sliding face are configured in such a way that the lubricating gap is constricted radially to the outside with regard to the axial direction. As a result, temperature deformations which occur during operation and deformations on account of centrifugal, shearing and other forces in the bearing comb can be compensated for.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A hydrodynamic axial bearing for mounting a shaft mounted rotatably in a bearing housing, the hydrodynamic axial bearing comprising:
 an axial stop;   a bearing comb for rotation with a shaft when installed; and   at least one lubricating gap formed between the axial stop and the bearing comb for receiving lubricating oil, and delimited by a profiled circular ring face and a planar sliding face which lies opposite the circular ring face, the profiled circular ring face being configured so as to rotate around or with the shaft, the profile of the circular ring face having a plurality of segments, each segment including one radially running lubricating oil groove, a wedge face connected to the lubricating oil groove in a circumferential direction, and a rest face which adjoins the wedge face in the circumferential direction, wherein, for the at least one lubricating gap, the rest face and the planar sliding face are configured such that the lubricating gap, delimited by the rest face and the planar sliding face, is constricted radially to the outside with regard to an axis of rotation.   
     
     
         2 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the axial stop comprises:
 the planar sliding face, the planar sliding face delimiting the lubricating gap constricted radially to the outside, the planar sliding face being configured to be inclined toward the bearing comb at least in a radially outer part in a manner which deviates from a plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         3 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the bearing comb comprises:
 the planar sliding face, the planar sliding face delimiting the lubricating gap constricted radially to the outside, the planar sliding face being configured to be inclined toward the axial stop in a manner which deviates from a plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         4 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 1 , comprising:
 a floating disk arranged axially between the axial stop and the bearing comb, the lubricating gap being formed between the floating disk and the bearing comb.   
     
     
         5 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 2 , comprising:
 a floating disk arranged axially between the axial stop and the bearing comb, the lubricating gap being formed between the floating disk and the bearing comb.   
     
     
         6 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 3 , comprising:
 a floating disk arranged axially between the axial stop and the bearing comb, the lubricating gap being formed between the floating disk and the bearing comb.   
     
     
         7 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 6 , wherein the floating disk comprises:
 the profiled circular ring face, and the planar sliding face of the bearing comb and the circular ring face of the floating disk delimit the lubricating gap which is constricted radially to the outside, the planar sliding face of the bearing comb being configured to be inclined toward the axial stop, at least in a radially outer part, in a manner which deviates from the plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         8 . The hydrodynamic axial bearing as claimed in  claim 7 , comprising:
 a second lubricating gap delimited by a planar sliding face of the axial stop and the floating disk, the planar sliding face of the axial stop being configured to be inclined toward the floating disk in a manner which deviates from the plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         9 . A turbomachine, comprising:
 a shaft mounted rotatably in a bearing housing; and   a hydrodynamic axial bearing for mounting the shaft in the bearing housing, the hydrodynamic axial bearing including:
 an axial stop; 
 a bearing comb for rotating with the shaft; and 
 at least one lubricating gap formed between the axial stop and the bearing comb for being loaded with lubricating oil and delimited by a profiled circular ring face and a planar sliding face which lies opposite the circular ring face, the profiled circular ring face being configured so as to rotate around or with the shaft, the profile of the circular ring face having a plurality of segments, each segment including one radially running lubricating oil groove, a wedge face connected to the lubricating oil groove in a circumferential direction, and a rest face which adjoins the wedge face in the circumferential direction, wherein, for the at least one lubricating gap, the rest face and the planar sliding face are configured such that the lubricating gap, delimited by the rest face and the planar sliding face, is constricted radially to the outside with regard to an axis of rotation. 
   
     
     
         10 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the axial stop comprises:
 the planar sliding face, the planar sliding face delimiting the lubricating gap constricted radially to the outside, the planar sliding face being configured to be inclined toward the bearing comb at least in a radially outer part in a manner which deviates from a plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         11 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the bearing comb comprises:
 the planar sliding face, the planar sliding face delimiting the lubricating gap constricted radially to the outside, the planar sliding face configured to be inclined toward the axial stop in a manner which deviates from a plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         12 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 9 , comprising:
 a floating disk arranged axially between the axial stop and the bearing comb, the lubricating gap being formed between the floating disk and the bearing comb.   
     
     
         13 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 10 , comprising:
 a floating disk arranged axially between the axial stop and the bearing comb, the lubricating gap being formed between the floating disk and the bearing comb.   
     
     
         14 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 11 , comprising:
 a floating disk arranged axially between the axial stop and the bearing comb, the lubricating gap being formed between the floating disk and the bearing comb.   
     
     
         15 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the floating disk comprises:
 the profiled circular ring face, and the planar sliding face of the bearing comb and the circular ring face of the floating disk delimit the lubricating gap which is constricted radially to the outside, the planar sliding face of the bearing comb being configured to be inclined toward the axial stop, at least in a radially outer part, in a manner which deviates from the plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         16 . A turbomachine as claimed in  claim 15 , a second lubricating gap delimited by a planar sliding face of the axial stop comprising:
 the floating disk, the planar sliding face of the axial stop being configured to be inclined toward the floating disk in a manner which deviates from the plane which lies perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation.   
     
     
         17 . An exhaust gas turbocharger, comprising:
 a shaft mounted rotatably in a bearing housing; and   a hydrodynamic axial bearing for mounting the shaft in the bearing housing the hydrodynamic axial bearing including:
 an axial stop; 
 a bearing comb for rotating with the shaft; and 
 at least one lubricating gap formed between the axial stop and the bearing comb for being loaded with lubricating oil and delimited by a profiled circular ring face and a planar sliding face which lies opposite the circular ring face, the profiled circular ring face being configured so as to rotate around or with the shaft, the profile of the circular ring face having a plurality of segments, each segment including one radially running lubricating oil groove, a wedge face connected to the lubricating oil groove in a circumferential direction, and a rest face which adjoins the wedge face in the circumferential direction, wherein, for the at least one lubricating gap, the rest face and the planar sliding face are configured such that the lubricating gap, delimited by the rest face and the planar sliding face, is constricted radially to the outside with regard to an axis of rotation. 
   
     
     
         18 . The exhaust gas turbocharger as claimed in  claim 17 , wherein the bearing comb and the shaft are connected in a material-to-material manner or are manufactured from one piece.