Compositions & formulations for preventing and treating chronic diseases that cluster in patients such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, as well as for preventing and treating other diseases and conditions

Abstract

Patients inflicted with various clustering chronic diseases require treatment with multiple drugs having distinct mechanisms of action. Accordingly, patients with multiple conditions suffer from cumulative side effects of multiple drugs as well as drug-drug interactions. Embodiments, agents, compounds or drugs of the present invention, such as sesquiterpenes, e.g., Zerumbone, replace an equal or larger number of approved drugs during patient treatment. Examples of disorders prevented or ameliorated by administration of the formulations of this invention include but are not limited to inflammatory diseases that may be, oncological, genetic, ischemic, infectious, neurological, hematological, ophthalmological, rheumatoid, orthopedic, neurological, hematological, kidney, vascular, dermatological, gynecological, or obstetric. The present invention further relates to a method of identifying agents, compounds or drugs useful in preventing or treating CDCP related diseases and conditions as well as other disorders, diseases and conditions treatable or preventable by the same agents, compounds or drugs.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A composition for reducing polypharmacy or for preventing or ameliorating a condition, a disease or a disorder, or chronic diseases that cluster in patients (CDCP), wherein the composition comprises one or more non-FDA approved agent selected from a sesquiterpenoid, a sesquiterpene, zerumbone, lactucin, lactuopicrin, 8-deoxylactucin, picriside A, crepidiaside A, jacquinellin, jacquinellin glycoside, chamissonolide, helenalin, alantolactone, dehydrocostus lactone, costunolide, a sesquiterpene sulfate, reduced glutathione, auraptene, ethacrynic acid, curcumin, a curcuminoid, hispolon, dehydroxyhispolon, methoxyhispolon, bisdemethylcurcumin, hispolon methyl ether, hydroxyhispolon, methoxyhispolon methyl ether, a triterpenoid, Betulinic acid, zingerone, reservatrol, vanillin, rosmarinic acid, a methoxyflavone, a sesquiperetene, n-acetylcysteine, trimethylglycine, folinic acid, folic acid, an amino acid, an ATF4 modulator, flavone, a flavonoid, quercetin, a shogaol, 6-shogaol, a gingerol, 6-gingerol, zingerol, kavalactone, sulforaphane, allyl-, butyl- and phenylethyl-isothiocyanate, chlorophyllin, alpha-lipoic acid, allicin, plumbagin, protandim, capsaicin, a capsaicinoid, piperine, asafetida, eugenol, piperlongumine, pellitorine, zingiberine, tBHQ, CDDO-lm, MC-LR, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a compound found in wasabi, modihydrocapsaicin, cafestol, 16-O-methyl cafestol, xanthohumol, isoxanthuhumolol, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, N-methylpyridinium, resveratrol, nootkatone, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, 3-O-Caffeoyl-1-methylquinic acid, silymarin, kahweol, garlic organosulfur compounds, lycopene, carnosol (rosemany), an avicin, oltipraz, CDDO, a neurite outgrowth promoting prostaglandin, vitamin D, a B vitamin, andrographolide, an amino acid, s-allylcysteine, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, 6 carotene, trans-2-hexenal, cyclopentenone, ajoene, Dihydro-CDDO-trifluoroethyl amide, Hypochlorous acid, Fragrant unsaturated aldehydes, trans-cinnamaldehyde, safranal, 2,4-octadienal, citral, and trans-2,cis-6-nonadienal, 2-OHE, 4-OHE, bucillamine, momordin, momordol, momordicin I, momordicin II, momordicosides, momordicin-28, momordicinin, momordicilin, momordenol, momorcharin, cucurbitacin B, charantin, charantosides, goyaglycosides, α-eleostearic acid, 15,16-dihydroxy-α-eleostearic acid, antirheumatic gold(I) compounds, an avicin, dithiolethione, an approved drug, an OTC drug, and/or a compound, agent or drug extracted from cloves, black pepper, red chili, ginger, garlic, onion, fennel, bay leaves, nutmeg, saffron coriander and cinnamon, cinnamic aldehyde, zingerbene, agoraspirol, amorphine, anhydro-β-rotunol, aromadendrine, azulene, bisabolene, bisabolol, cadalene, cadinene, cadrina-1,4-diene, caryophyllene, cedrene, cedrol, cerapictol, ceratopicanol, clovene, copaene, cubebene, eudalene, eudesmol, farnesene, farnesol, germacrene, guaiazulene, guaiol, gurjunene, hexahydrohumulene, himachalene, hinesol, humulene, junipene, longifolene, lubiminol, khusimone, khusinol, khusimol, nootkatone, santalene, santalol, santanol, santonene, selinene, solavetivone, spatulenol, sterpurine, sulcatine, thujopsene, valerenol, vetispirene, vetivazulene, vetivene, vetiverol, vetivone, viridiflorine, and viridiflorol as well as their derivatives and analogs. 
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition further comprises one or more FDA approved drugs. 
     
     
         3 . (canceled) 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1  comprising one or more of the following substances; a sesquiterpene, a sesquiterpenoid, a sesquiterpene lactone, lactucin, lactuopicrin, 8-deoxylactucin, picriside A, crepidiaside A, jacquinellin, jacquinellin glycoside, chamissonolide, helenalin, alantolactone, dehydrocostus lactone, costunolide, a sesquiterpene sulfate, reduced glutathione, auraptene, ethacrynic acid, curcumin, a curcuminoid, hispolon, dehydroxyhispolon, methoxyhispolon, bisdemethylcurcumin, hispolon methyl ether, hydroxyhispolon, methoxyhispolon methyl ether, a triterpenoid, Betulinic acid, zingerone, reservatrol, vanillin, rosmarinic acid, a methoxyflavone, a sesquiperetene, n-acetylcysteine, trimethylglycine, folinic acid, folic acid, an amino acid, an ATF4 modulator, flavone, a flavonoid, quercetin, a shogaol, 6-shogaol, a gingerol, 6-gingerol, zingerol, kavalactone, sulforaphane, allyl-, butyl- and phenylethyl-isothiocyanate, chlorophyllin, alpha-lipoic acid, allicin, plumbagin, protandim, capsaicin, a capsaicinoid, piperine, asafetida, eugenol, piperlongumine, pellitorine, zingiberine, tBHQ, CDDO-lm, MC-LR, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a compound found in wasabi, modihydrocapsaicin, cafestol, 16-O-methyl cafestol, xanthohumol, isoxanthuhumolol, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, N-methylpyridinium, resveratrol, nootkatone, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, 3-O-Caffeoyl-1-methylquinic acid, silymarin, kahweol, garlic organosulfur compounds, lycopene, carnosol (rosemany), an avicin, oltipraz, CDDO, a neurite outgrowth promoting prostaglandin, vitamin D, a B vitamin, andrographolide, an amino acid, s-allylcysteine, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, β carotene, trans-2-hexenal, cyclopentenone, ajoene, Dihydro-CDDO-trifluoroethyl amide, Hypochlorous acid, Fragrant unsaturated aldehydes, trans-cinnamaldehyde, safranal, 2,4-octadienal, citral, and trans-2,cis-6-nonadienal, 2-OHE, 4-OHE, bucillamine, momordin, momordol, momordicin I, momordicin II, momordicosides, momordicin-28, momordicinin, momordicilin, momordenol, momorcharin, cucurbitacin B, charantin, charantosides, goyaglycosides, α-eleostearic acid, 15,16-dihydroxy-α-eleostearic acid, antirheumatic gold(I) compounds, an avicin, dithiolethione, an approved drug, an OTC drug, and/or a compound, agent or drug extracted from cloves, black pepper, red chili, ginger, garlic, onion, fennel, bay leaves, nutmeg, saffron coriander and cinnamon, cinnamic aldehyde, zingerbene, agoraspirol, amorphine, anhydro-β-rotunol, aromadendrine, azulene, bisabolene, bisabolol, cadalene, cadinene, cadrina-1,4-diene, caryophyllene, cedrene, cedrol, cerapictol, ceratopicanol, clovene, copaene, cubebene, eudalene, eudesmol, farnesene, farnesol, germacrene, guaiazulene, guaiol, gurjunene, hexahydrohumulene, himachalene, hinesol, humulene, junipene, longifolene, lubiminol, khusimone, khusinol, khusimol, nootkatone, santalene, santalol, santanol, santonene, selinene, solavetivone, spatulenol, sterpurine, sulcatine, thujopsene, valerenol, vetispirene, vetivazulene, vetivene, vetiverol, vetivone, viridiflorine, and viridiflorol as well as their derivatives and analogs. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition extends the life span of a cell, tissue, organ, or organism. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein a non-approved drug reduces the amount of an approved drug required to achieve clinical benefits. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein a non-approved drug allows the skilled clinician to increase the amount of an approved drug provided to a patient to achieve greater benefit from that approved drug. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition modulates ATF4 activity, VEGF activity, EGFR activity or telomerase activity. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition modulates one or more of the following: pro-atherogenic cytokine production by endothelial cells, endothelial dysfunction, an invasion of blood vessel walls by monocytes, conversion of monocytes/macrophages to foam cells, smooth muscle proliferation, smooth muscle migration from tunica media to intima, plaque initiation, plaque progression, and plaque rupture; production of adipokines (e.g. TNF-alpha, IL-6, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), angiotensinogen, resistin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) by fat cells; an increase in plasma cholesterol, an increase in plasma LDL, an increase in plasma triacylglycerols, a decrease in plasma HDL; an increase in blood glucose, an increase in fasting blood glucose, glucose intolerance, hvperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, an increase in HbA1, an increased dependence upon exogenous insulin; an increase in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure, an increase in angiotensin II, an increase in microalbuminuria; or cellular resistance to achemotherapeutic agent. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition reduces EGFR activity. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition reduces or prevents
 hypertension, obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, or cancer or chemotherapeutic resistance. 
 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition reduces or prevents one or more inflammatory disease, oncological disease, genetic disease, ischemic disease, infectious disease, neurological disease, hematological disease, kidney disease, vascular disease, dermatological diseases, opthamological disease, rheumatoid disease, orthopedic disease, gynecological disease, obstetric disease, pediatric disease, etc. Additional non-limiting examples include sepsis, contrast-induced nephropathy, chronic kidney disease, pulmonary fibrosis, hypoxic conditions, chemical-induced lung injury, respiratory distress disorder, anon gap acidosis, nephritis, lupus, interstitial lung disease, graft dysfunction, hepatitis, acute kidney injury, noise-induced hearing injuries, poison ingestion, retinopathy, neurotoxicity, cancer-induced injury such as ototoxicity, respiratory infections, autism, conditions involving vasospasm, and conditions considered treatable by provision of n-acetylcysteine, injectable reduced glutathione, or a known intracellular glutathione enhancing agent. 
     
     
         13 . The compositions of  claim 1  further comprising one or more of mannitol, a sesquiterpene, erythropoietin, an erythropoietin-like agent, Darbepoetin (Aranesp), Epocept (Lupin pharma), Epogen, Epogin, Eprex, Procrit, NeoRecormon, Recormon, Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (Mircera), Dynepo, Epomax, Silapo (Stada), Retacrit, Epocept, EPOTrust, Erypro Safe, Repoitin, Vintor, Epofit, Erykine, Wepox, Espogen, ReliPoietin, Shanpoietin, Zyrop, EPIAO (rHuEPO), 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 1  comprising one or more triazoles. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 14  comprising one or more triazoles selected from Itraconazole, Fluconazole, Isavuconazole, Ravuconazole, Posaconazole, Voriconazole and Terconazole; one or more nitroimidazoles selected from Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Nitroimidazole, Azanidazole, Secnidazole, Ornidazole, Propenidazole, and Nimorazole; and one or more further agents selected from mefloquine, doxycycline, choroquine, hydroxychoroquine, Malarone, atovaquone, Proguanil (Malarone), an artemisinin-based compound, antimony, amphotericin, miltefosine, paromomycin, and one or more agents, compounds, or drugs described herein. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein the selected triazoles comprise metronidazole and itraconazole. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein the selected triazoles comprise metronidazole itraconazole and a sesqiterpene. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 14  wherein the composition comprises ciprofloxacin and one or more triazoles selected from Itraconazole, Fluconazole, Isavuconazole, Ravuconazole, Posaconazole, Voriconazole, Terconazole, Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Nitroimidazole, Azanidazole, Secnidazole, Ornidazole, Propenidazole, and Nimorazole. 
     
     
         19 . The A composition of  claim 1  for treating traumatic brain injury, blast-induced traumatic brain injury and/or penetrating brain injury comprising one or more of mannitol, a sesquiterpene, erythropoietin, an erythropoietin-like agent, Darbepoetin (Aranesp), Epocept (Lupin pharma), Epogen, Epogin, Eprex, Procrit, NeoRecormon, Recormon, Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (Mircera), Dynepo, Epomax, Silapo (Stada), Retacrit, Epocept, EPOTrust, Erypro Safe, Repoitin, Vintor, Epofit, Erykine, Wepox, Espogen, ReliPoietin, Shanpoietin, Zyrop, EPIAO (rHuEPO), 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the approved drugs belong to drug classes represented by Abilify (aripiprazole), ABREVA (docosanol), Accolate, Accretropin (somatropin rDNA Original), Aciphex (rabeprazole sodium), Actemra (tocilizumab), Actiq, Activella (Estradiol/Norethindrone Acetate) Tablets, Actonel, ACTOplus met (pioglitazone hydrochloride and metformin hydrochloride), ACTOS, Acular (ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.5%, Acular (ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.5%, Acuvail (ketorolac tromethamine), Acyclovir Capsules, Adcirca (tadalafil), Adderall (mixed salts of a single-entity amphetamine), Adderall XR, Advicor (extended-release niacin/lovastatin), Afinitor (everolimus), Agenerase (amprenavir), Aggrenox, Agrylin (anagrelide HCL), Agrylin (anagrelide HCL), AK-Con-A (naphazoline ophthalmic), Akten (lidocaine hydrochloride), Alamast, Albenza (albendazole), Aldara (imiquimod), Aldurazyme (laronidase), Alesse (100 mcg levonorgestrel/20 mcg ethinyl estradiol tablets), Alimta (pemetrexed for injection), Alinia (nitazoxanide), Allegra (fexofenadine hydrochloride), Allegra-D, Alora, Aloxi (palonosetron), Alphagan (brimonidine), AlphaNine SD Coagulation Factor IX (Human), Alrex, Altabax (retapamulin), Altocor (lovastatin) Extended-Release Tablets, Alvesco (ciclesonide), Amaryl (Glimepiride), Amerge, Amevive (alefacept), Amitiza (lubiprostone), Amoxil (amoxicillin), Ampyra (dalfampridine), Amrix (cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride extended release), Androderm (Testosterone Transdermal System), AndroGel testosterone gel, AneuVysion Assay, Anexsia, Angiomax (bivalirudin), Antizol Injection, Anzemet, Anzemet, Aphthasol, Aplenzin (bupropion hydrobromide), Apokyn (apomorphine hydrochloride), Apthasol (Amlexanox), Aptivus (tipranavir), Aptivus (tipranavir), Arava, Aredia (pamidronate disodium for injection), Arestin (minocycline hydrochloride), Argatroban Injection, ARICEPT (donepezil hydrochloride), Arimidex (anastrozole), Arixtra, Aromasin Tablets, Arranon (nelarabine), Arthrotec, Arzerra (ofatumumab), Asacol (mesalamine), Astelin nasal spray, Astepro (azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray), Atacand (candesartan cilexetil), Atacand (candesartan cilexetil), Atacand (candesartan cilexetil), Atracurium Besylate Injection, Atridox, Atridox, Atrovent (ipratropium bromide), Atryn (antithrombin recombinant lyophilized powder for reconstitution), Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate), Avandamet (rosiglitazone maleate and metformin HCl), Avandia (rosiglitazone maleate), Avastin (bevacizumab), Avastin (bevacizumab), Avelox I.V. (moxifloxacin hydrochloride), Avinza (morphine sulfate), Avita Gel, Avita Gel, Avonex (Interferon Beta 1-A), Axert (almotriptan malate) tablets, Axid AR (nizatidine, Axona (caprylidene), AzaSite (azithromycin), Azmacort (triamcinolone acetonide) Inhalation Aerosol, Azor (amlodipine besylate; olmesartan medoxomil), Azulfidine EN-tabs Tablets (sulfasalazine delayed release tablets, USP), Bactroban Cream, Bactroban Nasal 2% (mupirocin calcium ointment), Banzel (rufinamide), Baraclude (entecavir), Baycol (cerivastatin sodium), Bayer Extra Strength Asprin, BeneFIX (coagulation Factor IX (recombinant)), BeneFIX (coagulation Factor IX (recombinant)), Benicar, Benzamycin (erythromycin 3%-benzoyl peroxide 5% topical gel), Bepreve (bepotastine besilate ophthalmic solution), Berinert (C1 Esterase Inhibitor (Human)), Besivance (besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension), Betapace AF Tablet, Betaxon, Bextra, Bexxar, Biaxin XL (clarithromycin extended-release tablets), BiDil (isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine hydrochloride), Boniva (ibandronate), Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA), Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA), Botox Cosmetic (botulinum toxin type A), Bravelle (urofollitropin for injection, purified), Breathe Right, Bromfenac, Brovana (arformoterol tartrate), BSS Sterile Irrigating Solution, Busulflex, Byetta (exenatide), Caduet (amlodipine/atorvastatin), Cafcit Injection, Cambia (diclofenac potassium for oral solution), Campath, Campostar, Campral (acamprosate calcium), Camptosar, Canasa (mesalamine), Cancidas, Captopril and hydrochlorotiazide, Captopril and hydrochlorotiazide, Carbaglu (carglumic acid), Carbatrol, Cardizem® (Diltiazem HCl for injection) Monvial®, Carrington patch, Caverject (alprostadil), Cayston (aztreonam for inhalation solution), CEA-Scan, Cedax (ceftibuten), Cefazolin and Dextrose USP, Ceftin (cefuroxime axetil), Celexa, CellCept, Cenestin, Cenestin, Cernevit, Cervarix [Human Papillomavirus Bivalent (Types 16 and 18) Vaccine, Recombinant, Cetrotide, Chantix (varenicline), Children's Advil (pediatric ibuprofen), Children's Motrin Cold, Chloraprep (chlorhexidine gluconate), Cialis (tadalafil), Cimetadine Hydrochloride Oral Solution 300 mg/5 ml, Cimetidine Hydrochloride Oral Solution, Cimetidine Hydrochloride Oral Solution, Cimzia (certolizumab pegol), Cimzia (certolizumab pegol), Cinryze (C1 Inhibitor (Human)), Cipro (ciprofloxacin HCl), Cipro (ciprofloxacin HCl), Cipro (ciprofloxacin) I.V. and Cipro (ciprofloxacin HCl) tablets, Clarinex, Clarithromycin (Biaxin), Claritin RediTabs (10 mg loratadine rapidly-disintegrating tablet), Claritin Syrup (loratadine), Claritin-D 24 Hour Extended Release Tablets (10 mg loratadine, 240 mg, pseudoephedrine sulfate), Clemastine fumarate syrup, Cleocin (clindamycin phosphate), Cleocin (clindamycin phosphate), Cleviprex (clevidipine), Climara, Clindamycin phosphate topical gel, Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution USP 1%, Clolar (clofarabine), Clomipramine hydrochloride, Clonazepam, Coartem (artemether/lumefantrine), Colazal (balsalazide disodium), Colcrys (colchicine), Combivir, Comtan, Concerta, Condylox Gel 0.5% (pokofilox), Confide, Copaxone, Corlopam, Corvert Injection (ibutilide fumarate injection), Cosopt, Covera-HS (verapamil), Crestor (rosuvastatin calcium), Crinone 8% (progesterone gel), Crixivan (Indinavir sulfate), Curosurf, Cuvposa (glycopyrrolate), Cycloset, bromocriptine mesylate, Cylert, Cymbalta (duloxetine), Dacogen (decitabine), Daptacel, Degarelix (degarelix for injection), DentiPatch (lidocaine transoral delivery system), Depakote (divalproex sodium), Depakote (divalproex sodium), Depakote ER (divalproex sodium), Dermagraft-TC, Desmopressin Acetate (DDAVP), Desmopressin Acetate (DDAVP), Desonate (desonide), Detrol (tolterodine tartrate), Detrol LA (tolterodine tartrate), Differin (adapalene gel) Gel, 0.1%, Diltiazem HCL, Extended-Release Capsules, Diovan (valsartan), Diovan (valsartan), Diovan HCT (valsartan), Ditropan XL (oxybutynin chloride), Ditropan XL (oxybutynin chloride), Doribax (doripenem), Dostinex Tablets (cabergoline tablets), Doxil (doxorubicin HCl liposome injection), Droxia, Dulera (mometasone furoate+formoterol fumarate dihydrate), DuoNeb (albuterol sulfate and ipratropium bromide), Durezol (difluprednate), dutasteride, Dynabac, DynaCirc CR, EDEX, Edluar (zolpidem tartrate), Effexor (venlafaxin HCL), Effexor XR (venlafaxin HCl), Efient (prasugrel), Egrifta (tesamorelin for injection), Elaprase (idursulfase), Elestrin (estradiol gel), Elidel, Eligard (leuprolide acetate), Elitek (rasburicase), ella (ulipristal acetate), Ellence, Elliotts B Solution (buffered intrathecal electrolyte/dextrose injection), Elmiron (pentosan polysulfate sodium), Eloxatin (oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil/leucovorin), Embeda (morphine sulfate and naltrexone hydrochloride), Emend (aprepitant), Enbrel (etanercept), Entereg (alvimopan), Entocort EC (budesonide), Epivir (lamivudine), Epivir (lamivudine), Epogen, Eraxis (anidulafungin), Erbitux (cetuximab), Esclim, Estradiol tablets, Estradiol tablets, Estradiol Transdermal System, Estratab (0.3 mg), EstroGel (estradiol gel 0.06%), Estrostep (norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol), Estrostep (norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol), Estrostep (norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol), Ethyol (amifostine), Ethyol (amifostine), Etodolac, Etodolac, Etodolac, Eulexin (flutamide), Evamist (estradiol), Evista (raloxifene hydrochloride), Evista (raloxifene hydrochloride), Evista (raloxifene hydrochloride), Evoxac, Exalgo (hydromorphone hydrochloride) extended release, Excedrin Migraine, Exelon (rivastigmine tartrate), Exelon (rivastigmine tartrate), Extavia (Interferon beta-I b), Extina (ketoconazole), Fabrazyme (agalsidase beta), Famvir (famciclovir), Famvir (famciclovir), Fanapt (iloperidone), Faslodex (fulvestrant), Femara (letrozole), Femara (letrozole), Femhrt Tablets, FemPatch, Femstat 3 (butoconazole nitrate 2%), FEMSTAT One, Fenofibrate, Feraheme (ferumoxytol), Feridex I.V., Ferriecit, Fertinex (urofollitropin for injection, purified), Finacea (azelaic acid) Gel, 15%, Finevin, Flagyl ER, FLOMAX, Flonase Nasal Spray, Flovent Rotadisk, Floxin otic, Floxin Tablets (ofloxacin tablets), FluMist (Influenza Virus Vaccine), Fluzone Preservative-free, Focalin (dexmethylphenidate HCl), Follistim™ (follitropin beta for injection), Folotyn (pralatrexate injection), Foradil Aerolizer (formoterol fumarate inhalation powder), Forteo (teriparatide), Fortovase, Fosamax (alendronate sodium), Fosrenol, lanthanum carbonate, Fragmin, Frova (frovatriptan succinate), Fusilev (levoleucovorin), Fuzeon (enfuvirtide), Gaizin (zinc acetate), Gardasil (quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18), recombinant vaccine), Gastrocrom Oral Concentrate (cromolyn sodium), GastroMARK, Gelnique (oxybutynin chloride), Gemzar (gemcitabine HCL), Gemzar (gemcitabine HCL), Generic Transdermal Nicotine Patch, Genotropin (somatropin) injection, Genotropin (somatropin) lyophilized powder, Geodon (ziprasidone mesylate), Geref (sermorelin acetate for injection), Gilenya (fingolimod), Gleevec (imatinib mesylate), Gleevec (imatinib mesylate), Gliadel Wafer (polifeprosan 20 with carmustine implant), Glipizide Tablets, Glucagon, Glucagon, Glyburide Tablets, Glyburide Tablets, Glyburide Tablets, Glyset (miglitol), Gonal-F (follitropin alfa for injection), Halaven (eribulin mesylate), Havrix, Hectorol (Doxercalciferol) Injection, Hepsera (adefovir dipivoxil), Herceptin, Herceptin (trastuzumab), Hiberix ( Haemophilus  b Conjugate Vaccine; Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate), Humalog (insulin lispro), Humatrope (somatropin [rDNA origin] for injection), Humira (adalimumab), Hycamtin (topotecan hydrochloride), Hycamtin (topotecan hydrochloride), Iamin, Ilaris (canakinumab), Imagent (perflexane lipid microspheres), Imitrex (sumatriptan) injection and tablets, Imitrex (sumatriptan) nasal spray, Increlex (mecasermin), INFANRIX (Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis, Vaccine Adsorbed), Infasurf, INFERGEN (interferon alfacon-1), Inform HER-2/neu breast cancer test, Innohep (tinzaparin sodium) injectable, Inspra (eplerenone tablets), Integrilin, Intelence (etravirine), Interstim Continence Control Therapy, Intron A (Interferon alfa-2b, recombinant), Intron A (interferon alfa-2b, recombinant), Intron A (interferon alfa-2b, recombinant), Intuniv (guanfacine extended-release), Invanz, Invega (paliperidone), Invirase (saquinavir), Iontocaine, Iressa (gefitinib), Isentress (raltegravir), Istodax (romidepsin), IvyBlock, Ixempra (ixabepilone), Ixiaro (Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine, Inactivated, Adsorbed), Jalyn (dutasteride +tamsulosin), Januvia(sitagliptin phosphate), Jevtana (cabazitaxel), Kadian, Kalbitor (ecallantide), Kaletra Capsules and Oral Solution, Kapvay (clonidine hydrochloride), Keppra, Ketek (telithromycin), Ketoprofen, Kineret, Klaron (sodium sulfacet amide lotion) Lotion, 10%, Kogenate FS (Antihemophilic Factor Recombinant), Krystexxa (pegloticase), Kuvan (sapropterin dihydrochloride), Kytril (granisetron) solution, Kytril (granisetron) tablets, Lamictal (lamotrigine) Chewable Dispersible Tablets, Lamictal Chewable Dispersible Tablets, Lamisil (terbinafine hydrochloride) Dermagel, 1%, Lamisil (terbinafine hydrochloride) Solution, 1%, Lamisil (terbinafine hydrochloride) Tablets, Lamisil Solution, 1%, Lantus (insulin glargine [rDNA origin] injection), Lantus (insulin glargine [rDNA origin] injection), Latuda (lurasidone), Lescol (fluvastatin sodium), Lescol (fluvastatin sodium) capsules, Rx, Lescol XL (fluvastatin sodium) tablet, extended release, Letairis (ambrisentan), Leukine (sargramostim), Leukine (sargramostim), Levaquin, Levitra (vardenafil), Levo-T (levothyroxine sodium), Levoxyl, Lexapro (escitalopram oxalate), Lexiva (fosamprenavir calcium), Lexxel (enalapril maleate-felodipine ER), Lidoderm Patch (lidocaine patch 5%), Lithobid (Lithium Carbonate), Livalo (pitavastatin), Lodine (etodolac), Lodine XL (etodolac), Lodine XL (etodolac), Lotemax, Lotrisone (clotrimazole/betamethasone diproprionate) lotion, Lotronex (alosetron HCL) Tablets, Lovenox (enoxaparin sodium) Injection, Lovenox (enoxaparin sodium) Injection, Lovenox (enoxaparin sodium) Injection, Lucentis (ranibizumab), Lumigan (bimatoprost ophthalmic solution), Lunesta (eszopiclone), Lupron Depot (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension), Lupron Depot (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension), Lupron Depot (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension), Lusedra (fospropofol disodium), Lustra, LUVOX (fluvoxamine maleate), Luxiq (betamethasone valerate) Foam, Lyrica (pregabalin), Lysteda (tranexamic acid), Macugen (pegaptanib), Malarone (atovaquone; proguanil hydrochloride) Tablet, Marplan Tablets, Mavik (trandolapril), Maxalt, Mentax (1% butenafine HCl cream), Mentax (1% butenafine HCl cream), Mentax (1% butenafine HCl cream), Menveo (meningitis vaccine), MERIDIA, Merrem I.V. (meropenem), Mesnex, Metadate CD, Metaglip (glipizide/metformin. HCl), Metaprotereol Sulfate Inhalation Solution, 5%, Metozolv ODT (metoclopramide hydrochloride), MetroLotion, Mevacor (lovastatin) tablets, Miacalcin (calcitonin-salmon) Nasal Spray, Micardis (telmisartan), Micardis HCT (telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide), Microzide (hydrochlorothiazide), Migranal, Minoxidil Topical Solution 2% for Women, Miraluma test, Mirapex, Mircera (methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta), Mircette, Mirena (levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system), Mobic (meloxicam) Tablets, Monistat 3 (miconazole nitrate), Monistat 3 (miconazole nitrate), Monurol, Moxatag (amoxicillin), Mozobil (plerixafor injection), Multaq (dronedarone), Muse, Mylotarg (gemtuzumab ozogamicin), Myobloc, Myozyme (alglucosidase alfa), Naglazyme (galsulfase), Naltrexone Hydrochloride Tablets, Namenda (memantine HCl), Naprelan (naproxen sodium), Nasacort AQ (triamcinolone acetonide) Nasal Spray, Nasacort AQ (triamcinolone acetonide) Nasal Spray, NasalCrom Nasal Spray, Nascobal Gel (Cyanocobalamin, USP), Nasonex Nasal Spray, Natazia (estradiol valerate+dienogest), Natrecor (nesiritide), Neulasta, Neumega, Neupogen, Neupro (rotigotine), Neurontin (gabapentin), Neurontin (gabapentin) oral solution, Neurontin (gabapentin) oral solution, Nexavar (sorafenib), Nexium (esomeprazole magnesium), Niaspan, NicoDerm CQ, Nicorette (nicotine polacrilex), Nicotrol nasal spray, Nicotrol transdermal patch, Nitrostat (nitroglycerin) Tablets, Nolvadex, NORCO tablets (Hydrocodone Bitartrate/Acetaminophen 10 mg/325 mg), Norditropin (somatropin (rDNA origin) for injection), Noritate, Normiflo, Norvir (ritonavir), Norvir (ritonavir), Novantrone (mitoxantrone hydrochloride), NovoLog (insulin aspart), Novolog Mix 70/30, Novothyrox (levothyroxine sodium), Noxafil (posaconazole), Nplate (romiplostim), Nuedexta (dextromethorphan hydrobromide and quinidine sulfate), Nutropin (somatropin-rDNA origin), Nutropin (somatropin-rDNA origin), NuvaRing, Nuvigil (armodafinil), Ocuflox (ofloxacin opthalmic solution) 0.3%, OcuHist, Oleptro (trazodone hydrochloride), Omnicef, Onglyza (saxagliptin), Onsolis (fentanyl buccal), Oral Cytovene, Oravig (miconazole), Orencia (abatacept), Orencia (abatacept), Orfadin (nitisinone), Ortho Evra, Ortho Tri-Cyclen Tablets (norgestimate/ethinyl estradiol), Ortho-Prefest, OsmoCyte Pillow Wound Dressing, Ovidrel (gonadotropin, chorionic human recombinant), Oxycodone and Aspirin, Oxycodone with Acetaminophen 5 mg/325 mg, OxyContin (oxycodone HCl controlled-release), Oxytrol (oxybutynin transdermal system), Ozurdex (dexamethasone), Pancreaze (pancrelipase), Panretin Gel, Patanase (olopatadine hydrochloride), Paxil (paroxetine hydrochloride), Paxil CR (paroxetine hydrochloride), Paxil CR (paroxetine hydrochloride), Pediarix Vaccine, Peg-Intron (peginterferon alfa-2b), Pegasys (peginterferon alfa-2a), Pennsaid (diclofenac sodium topical solution), Pentoxifylline, Pepcid Complete, Periostat (doxycycline hyclate), Periostat (doxycycline hyclate), PhosLo, Photodynamic Therapy, Photofrin, Pindolol, Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate), Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate), Plenaxis (abarelix for injectable suspension), Posicor, Pradaxa (dabigatran etexilate mesylate), Pramipexole, Prandin, Pravachol (pravastatin sodium), Pravachol (pravastatin sodium), Precose (acarbose), Premarin (conjugated estrogens), Prempro, Prempro & Premphase (conjugated estrogens/medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets), PREVACID(R) (lansopraxole), PREVEN; Emergency Contraceptive Kit, Prevnar 13 (Pneumococcal 13-valent Conjugate Vaccine), Prevpac, Prevpac, Prezista (darunavir), Priftin, Prilosec (omeprazole), Prilosec (omeprazole), Prilosec (omeprazole), Prilosec (omeprazole)/Biaxin (clarithromycin) Combination Therapy, Prinivil or Zestril (Lisinopril), ProAmatine (midodrine), Procanbid (procainamide hydrochloride extended-release tablets), Prochloroperazine, Prochlorperazine, Prograf, Proleukin, Prolia (denosumab), Promacta (eltrombopag), Prometrium, Prometrium, Propecia, Proscar, Protonix (pantoprazole sodium) Delayed Release Tablets, Protonix (pantoprazole sodium) Delayed-Release Tablets, Protonix (pantoprazole sodium) Intravenous Formulation, Protopic (tacrolimus) ointment, Provenge (sipuleucel-T), Proventil HFA Inhalation Aerosol, Prozac Weekly (fluoxetine HCl), Pulmozyme (dornase alfa), Pulmozyme (dornase alfa), Quadramet (Samarium Sm 153 Lexidronam Injection), Quixin (levofloxacin), Qutenza (capsaicin), Qvar (beclomethasone dipropionate), Ranexa (ranolazine), Ranitidine Capsules, Ranitidine Tablets, Rapamune (sirolimus) oral solution, Rapamune (sirolimus) Tablets, Raplon, Raxar (grepafloxacin), Rebetol (ribavirin), REBETRON™ Combination Therapy, Rebif (interferon beta-1a), Reclast (zoledronic acid), Reclast (zoledronic acid), Redux (dexfenfluramine hydrochloride), Refludan, REGRANEX (becaplermin) Gel, Relenza, Relpax (eletriptan hydrobromide), Remeron (Mirtazapine), Remeron SolTab (mirtazapine), Remicade (infliximab), Remicade (infliximab), Reminyl (galantamine hydrobromide), Remodulin (treprostinil), Renagel (sevelamer hydrochloride), Renagel (sevelamer hydrochloride), RenaGelRenagel (sevelamer hydrochloride), Renova (tretinoin emollient cream), Renvela (sevelamer carbonate), ReoPro, REPRONEX(menotropins for injection, USP), Requip (ropinirole hydrochloride), Rescriptor Tablets (delavirdine mesylate tablets), Rescula (unoprostone isopropyl ophthalmic solution) 0.15%, RespiGam (Respiratory Syncitial Virus Immune Globulin Intravenous), Restasis (cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion), Retavase (reteplase), Retin-A Micro (tretinoin gel) microsphere, 0.1%, Revlimid (lenalidomide), Reyataz (atazanavir sulfate), Rhinocort Aqua Nasal Spray, Rid Mousse, Rilutek (riluzole), Risperdal Oral Formulation, Ritalin LA (methylphenidate HCl), Rituxan, Rocephin, Rocephin, Rotarix (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral), Rotateq (rotavirus vaccine, live oral pentavalent), Rozerem (ramelteon), Rythmol, Sabril (vigabatrin), Saizen, Salagen Tablets, Samsca (tolvaptan), Sanctura (trospium chloride), Sancuso (granisetron), Saphris (asenapine), Savella (milnacipran hydrochloride), Sclerosol Intrapleural Aerosol, Seasonale, Lo Seasonale, Seasonique (ethinylestradiol+levonorgestrel), SecreFlo (secretin), Selegiline tablets, Self-examination breast pad, Selzentry (maraviroc), Sensipar (cinacalcet), Seprafilm, Serevent, Seroquel® (quetiapine fumarate) Tablets, Silenor (doxepin), Simponi (golimumab), Simulect, Singulair, Skelid (tiludronate disodium), Skin Exposure Reduction Paste Against Chemical Warfare Agents (SERPACWA), Soliris (eculizumab), Somatuline Depot (lanreotide acetate), Somavert (pegvisomant), Sonata, Spectracef, Spiriva HandiHaler (tiotropium bromide), SPORANOX (itraconazole), Sprix (ketorolac tromethamine), Sprycel (dasatinib), Stavzor (valproic acid delayed release), Stelara (ustekinumab), Strattera (atomoxetine HCl), Stromectol (ivermectin), Subutex/Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone), Sulfamylon, Supartz, Supprelin LA (histrelin acetate), Sustiva, Sutent (sunitinib), Symlin (pramlintide), Synagis, Synercid I.V., Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium), Synvisc, Synvisc-One (Hylan GF 20), Tamiflu capsule, Tarceva (erlotinib, OSI 774), Tasigna (nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate), Tasmar, Tavist (clemastine fumarate), Tavist (clemastine fumarate), Taxol, Taxotere (Docetaxel), Tazorac topical gel, Teczem (enalapril maleate/diltiazem malate), Teflaro (ceftaroline fosamil), Tegretol (carbamazepine), Tegretol XR (carbamazepine), Tekamlo (aliskiren+amlodipine), Tekturna (aliskiren), Temodar, Tequin, Testim, Testoderm TTS CIII, Teveten (eprosartan mesylate plus hydrochlorothiazide), Teveten (eprosartan mesylate), Thalomid, Tiazac (diltiazem hydrochloride), Tiazac (diltiazem hydrochloride), Tiazac (diltiazem hydrochloride), Tikosyn Capsules, Tilade (nedocromil sodium), Tilade (nedocromil sodium), Tilade (nedocromil sodium), Timentin, Timentin, Tindamax, tinidazole, Tobi, Tolmetin Sodium, Topamax (topiramate), Topamax (topiramate), Toprol-XL (metoprolol succinate), Torisel (temsirolimus), Toviaz (fesoterodine fumarate), Tracleer (bosentan), Travatan (travoprost ophthalmic solution), Trazadone 150 mg, Treanda (bendamustine hydrochloride), Trelstar Depot (triptorelin pamoate), Trelstar LA (triptorelin pamoate), Tri-Nasal Spray (triamcinolone acetonide spray), Tribenzor (olmesartan medoxomil+amlodipine+hydrochlorothiazide), Tricor (fenofibrate), Tricor (fenofibrate), Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) Tablets, Trilipix (fenofibric acid), Tripedia (Diptheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis, Vaccine Absorbed), Trisenox (arsenic trioxide), Trivagizole 3 (clotrimazole) Vaginal Cream, Trivora-21 and Trivora-28, Trizivir (abacavir sulfate; lamivudine; zidovudine AZT) Tablet, Trovan, Twinrix, Tygacil (tigecycline), Tykerb (lapatinib), Tysabri (natalizumab), Tysabri (natalizumab), Tyvaso (treprostinil), Tyzeka (telbivudine), Uloric (febuxostat), Ultracet (acetaminophen and tramadol HCl), UltraJect, UroXatral (alfuzosin HCl extended-release tablets), Urso, UVADEX Sterile Solution, Valcyte (valganciclovir HCl), Valstar, Valtrex (valacyclovir HCl), Vancenase AQ 84 mcg Double Strength, Vanceril 84 mcg Double Strength (beclomethasone dipropionate, 84 mcg), Inhalation Aerosol, Vaprisol (conivaptan), Vectibix (panitumumab), Velcade (bortezomib), Veltin (clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin), Venofer (iron sucrose injection), Ventolin HFA (albuterol sulfate inhalation aerosol), Veramyst (fluticasone furoate), Verapamil, Verdeso (desonide), Veregen (kunecatechins), VERSED (midazolam HCl), Vesicare (solifenacin succinate), Vfend (voriconazole), Viadur (leuprolide acetate implant), Viagra, Vibativ (telavancin), Victoza (liraglutide), Vidaza (azacitidine), Videx (didanosine), Vimovo (naproxen+esomeprazole), Vimpat (lacosamide), Vioxx (rofecoxib), VIRACEPT (nelfinavir mesylate), Viramune (nevirapine), Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate), Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate), Viroptic, Visicol Tablet, Visipaque (iodixanol), Vistide (cidofovir), Vistide (cidofovir), Visudyne (verteporfin for injection), Vitrasert Implant, Vitravene Injection, Vivelle (estradiol transdermal system), Vivelle (estradiol transdermal system), Vivelle-Dot (estradiol transdermal system), Vivitrol (naltrexone for extended-release injectable suspension), Vivitrol (naltrexone for extended-release injectable suspension), Votrient (pazopanib), Vpriv (velaglucerase alfa for injection), Vyvanse (Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate), Warfarin Sodium tablets, Welchol (colesevelam hydrochloride), Western blot confirmatory device, Wilate (von Willebrand Factor/Coagulation Factor VIII Complex (Human), Xeloda, Xeloda, Xenazine (tetrabenazine), Xenical/Orlistat Capsules, Xeomin (incobotulinumtoxinA), Xgeva (denosumab), Xiaflex (collagenase clostridium histolyticum), Xifaxan (rifaximin), Xifaxan (rifaximin), Xigris (drotrecogin alfa [activated]), Xolair (omalizumab), Xopenex, Xyrem (sodium oxybate), Xyzal (levocetirizine dihydrochloride), Yasmin (drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol), ZADITOR, Zagam (sparfloxacin) tablets, Zanaflex (tizanidine hydrochloride), Zantac 75 Efferdose, Zelnorm (tegaserod maleate) Tablets, Zelnorm (tegaserod maleate) Tablets, Zemaira (alpha1-proteinase inhibitor), Zemplar, Zenapax, Zenpep (pancrelipase), Zerit (stavudine), Zerit (stavudine), Zevalin (ibritumomab tiuxetan), Ziprasidone (ziprasidone hydrochloride), Zipsor (diclofenac potassium), Zirgan (ganciclovir ophthalmic gel), Zithromax (azithromycin), Zocor, Zofran, Zofran, Zoladex (10.8 mg goserelin acetate implant), Zoloft (sertraline HCl), Zoloft (sertraline HCl), Zoloft (sertraline HCl), Zometa (zoledronic acid), Zometa (zoledronic acid), Zomig (zolmitriptan), Zomig (zolmitriptan), Zonegran (zonisamide) Capsules, Zortress (everolimus), Zosyn (sterile piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium), Zuplenz (ondansetron oral soluble film), Zyban Sustained-Release Tablets, Zyclara (imiquimod), Zyflo (Zileuton), Zymaxid (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution), Zyprexa, and Zyrtec (cetirizine HCl). 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 1  comprising one or more triazoles selected from Itraconazole, Fluconazole, Isavuconazole, Ravuconazole, Posaconazole, Voriconazole, Terconazole, Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Nitroimidazole, Azanidazole, Secnidazole, Ornidazole, Propenidazole, and Nimorazole 
     
     
         22 . A The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises three or fewer FDA approved drugs.