Functionalized Ionic Liquids and Their Applications

Abstract

Disclosure of functionalized ionic liquids. Use of disclosed ionic liquids as solvent for carbon dioxide. Use of disclosed ionic liquids as flame retardant. Use of disclosed ionic liquids for coating fabric to obtain flame retardant fabric.

What is claimed is 
     
         1 . An ionic liquid represented by the structure of the following Formula 1: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 (a) R 1  and R 2  are each independently H, or a C 1  to C 12  straight-chain alkyl group or branched alkyl group or aryl group, 
 (b) m is an integer 1 to 6, 
 (c) X is —N(R 3 )—(CH 2 ) q —OH, wherein R 3  is H or C 1  to C 6  straight-chain or branched alkyl group and q is an integer from 2 to 4, and 
 (d) A −  is an anion selected from the group consisting of [BF 4 ] − ,[PF 6 ] − ,[CH 3 CO 2 ] − , [HSO 4 ] − , [CF 3 SO 3 ] − , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N] − , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C] − , [SO 4 ] 2− , Cl 31 , Br − , I − , [N(CN) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 )(C 4 H 9 ) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 )(C 2 H 5 ) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 ) (C 6 H 5 ) 2]   − , [CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ] − , [CH 3 OCO 2 ] −  and amino acid. 
 
     
     
         2 . A fire retardant coating for textile fabrics comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         3 . A solvent for carbon dioxide capture comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         4 . An electrolyte in a lithium ion battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         5 . A flame retardant additive to an electrolyte in a lithium ion battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         6 . An electrolyte in a metal air battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         7 . A flame retardant additive to an electrolyte in a metal air battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         8 . An ionic liquid represented by the structure of the following Formula 2: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 (a) R 1  and R 2  are each independently H, or a C 1  to C 12  straight-chain alkyl group or branched alkyl group or aryl group, 
 (b) m is an integer 1 to 6, 
 (c) X is —N(R 3 )—(CH 2 ) q —OH, wherein R 3  is H or C 1  to C 6  straight-chain or branched alkyl group and q is an integer from 2 to 4, and 
 (d) A −  is an anion selected from the group consisting of [BF 4 ] − ,[PF 6 ] − , [CH 3 CO 2 ] − , [HSO 4 ] − , [CF 3 SO 3 ] − , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N] − , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C] − , [SO 4 ] 2− , Cl 31 , Br − , I − , [N(CN) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 )(C 4 H 9 ) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 )(C 2 H 5 ) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 ) (C 6 H 5 ) 2]   − , [CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ] − , [CH 3 OCO 2 ] −  and amino acid. 
 
     
     
         9 . A fire retardant coating for textile fabrics comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 8 . 
     
     
         10 . A solvent for carbon dioxide capture comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 8 . 
     
     
         11 . An electrolyte in a lithium ion battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 8 . 
     
     
         12 . A. flame retardant additive to an electrolyte in a lithium ion battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 8 . 
     
     
         13 . An electrolyte in a metal air battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 8 . 
     
     
         14 . A flame retardant additive to an electrolyte in a metal air battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 8 . 
     
     
         15 . A ionic liquid having flame retardant property, the ionic liquid comprising Formula 3: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 (a) R 1  and R 2  are each independently H, or a C 1  to C 12  straight-chain alkyl group or branched alkyl group or aryl group, 
 (b) m is an integer 1 to 6, 
 (c) Z is —OH or NR 3 R 4 , where R 3  and R 4  are each independently H or C 1  to C 6  straight-chain or branched alkyl group, and, 
 (d) A −  is an anion selected from the group consisting of [BF 4 ] − ,[PF 6 ] − , [CH 3 CO 2 ] − , [HSO 4 ] − , [CF 3 SO 3 ] − , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N] − , [(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C] − , [SO 4 ] 2− , Cl 31 , Br − , I − , [N(CN) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 )(C 4 H 9 ) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 )(C 2 H 5 ) 2 ] − , [(PO 4 ) (C 6 H 5 ) 2]   − , [CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ] − , [CH 3 OCO 2 ] −  and amino acid, and wherein the ionic liquid has flame retardant property. 
 
     
     
         16 . A fire retardant coating for textile fabrics comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 15 . 
     
     
         18 . An electrolyte in a lithium ion battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 15 . 
     
     
         19 . A flame retardant additive to an electrolyte in a lithium ion battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 15 . 
     
     
         20 . An electrolyte in a metal air battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 15 . 
     
     
         21 . A flame retardant additive to an electrolyte in a metal air battery comprising the ionic liquid of  claim 15 . 
     
     
         22 . A. method of preparing the ionic liquid, represented by the Formula 1 of  claim 1 , the method comprising
 refluxing a compound comprising Formula 4 with an amino alcohol, and potassium carbonate in the presence of a solvent, wherein Formula 4 comprises the following structure   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 (a) R 1  and R 2  are each independently H, or a C 1  to C 12  straight-chain alkyl group or branched alkyl group or aryl group, 
 (b) m is an integer 1 to 6, 
 (c) H is Cl, Br, I, 
 (d) A −  is Cl − , Br − , I − , and, whereby the ionic liquid of Formula 1 is obtained. 
 
     
     
         23 . A method of preparing the ionic liquid of the Formula 2 of  claim 8 , the method comprising
 refluxing the compound represented by the Formula 5 with an amino alcohol and potassium carbonate in a solvent, wherein Formula 5 is the following structure   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 (a) R 1  and R 2  are each independently H, or a C 1  to C 12  straight-chain alkyl group or branched alkyl group or aryl group, 
 (b) m is an integer 1 to 6, 
 (c) H is Cl, Br, I, and, 
 (d) A −  is Cl − , Br − , I − , whereby Formula 2 is obtained. 
 
     
     
         24 . A flame retardant fabric product comprising a fabric, a flame retardant ionic liquid represented by Formula 3, and a binder.
 wherein about 1% to about 60% by weight of the flame retardant fabric product comprises the flame retardant ionic liquid,   wherein the fabric is selected from the group consisting of Cotton, Cellulose, Rayon, Nylon, Polyester, Polyurethane Polyamide, and Aramid.   
     
     
         25 . A method of preparing the flame retardant fabric of  claim 24 , the method comprising:
 a) coating the fabric with the flame retardant ionic liquid, represented by Formula 3 and the binder to obtain a coated fabric, and,   b) curing the coated fabric at a temperature of about 20 degree C. to about 300 degree C. for about 1 minute to about 12 hours.