Compound capable of binding s1p receptor and pharmaceutical use thereof

Abstract

A compound having an ability to bind to an S1P receptor and represented by formula (I), a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof is useful for prevention and/or treatment of rejection of transplantation, graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune disease, allergic disease and the like: wherein ring A is a cyclic group; ring B is a cyclic group which may have substituent(s); X is a spacer having 1 to 8 atoms in its main chain, etc.; Y is a spacer having 1 to 10 atoms in its main chain, etc.; n is 0 or 1, wherein when n is 0, m is 1 and R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and wherein when n is 1, m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 7 and R 1 is a substituent, and wherein m is 2 or more, R 1 s are the same or different.

1 . A compound represented by formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein ring A represents a cyclic group; 
         ring B represents a cyclic group which may further have a substituent(s); 
         X represents a bond or a spacer having 1 to 8 atoms in its main chain in which one atom in the spacer may be taken together with a substituent on ring B to form a ring group which may have a substituent(s); 
         Y represents a bond or a spacer having 1 to 10 atoms in its main chain in which one atom in the spacer may be taken together with a substituent on ring B to form a ring group which may have a substituent(s); 
         n represents 0 or 1, wherein when n is 0, m is 1 and R 1  represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and when n is 1, m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 7 and R 1  represents a substituent in which when m is 2 or more, plural R 1 s are the same or different, 
         a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
       
     
     
         2 . The compound according to  claim 1 , which is a compound represented by formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein all symbols have the same meanings as in  claim 1 , and 
         wherein a compound represented by formula (Ia) is excluded: 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1a  represents C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy, a halogen atom, nitro or trifluoromethyl; 
         ring A a  represents a C5-7 monocyclic carbocyclic group or a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms, one oxygen atom and/or one sulfur atom; 
         E a  represents —CH 2 —, —O—, —S— or —NR 6a —, in which R 6a  represents a hydrogen atom or C1-8 alkyl; 
         R 2a  represents C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy, a halogen atom, nitro or trifluoromethyl; 
         R 3a  represents a hydrogen atom or C1-8 alkyl; 
         R 4a  represents a hydrogen atom or C1-8 alkyl, or 
         R 2a  and R 4a  may be taken together to form —CH 2 CH 2 — or —CH═CH—; 
         G a  represents —CONR 7a —, —NR 7a CO—, —SO 2 NR 7a —, —NR 7a SO 2 —, —CH 2 NR 7a — or —NR 7a CH 2 —, in which R 7a  represents a hydrogen atom, C1-8 alkyl, Cyc1 or C1-8 alkyl substituted with Cyc1, and Cyc1 represents a C5-7 monocyclic carbocyclic group or a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms, one oxygen atom and/or one sulfur atom; 
         Q a  represents C1-4 alkylene or 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein J 1 , J 2 , J 3  and J 4  each independently represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom in which the number of the nitrogen atom(s) is 2 or less; R 5a  represents (1) C1-8 alkyl, (2) a halogen atom, (3) nitro, (4) cyano, (5) trifluoromethyl, (6) trifluoromethoxy, (7) phenyl, (8) tetrazolyl, (9) —OR 9a , (10) —SR 10a , (11) —COOR 11a , (12) —NR 12a R 13a , (13) —CONR 14a R 15a , (14) —SO 2 NR 16a R 17a , (15) —NR 18a COR 19a , (16) —NR 20a SO 2 R 21a , (17) —SO 2 R 22a , or (18) —OP(O)(OR 23a ) 2 , in which R 9a  to R 18a , R 20a  and R 23a  each independently represents a hydrogen atom, C1-8 alkyl, Cyc2 or C1-8 alkyl substituted with Cyc2, or R 12a  and R 13a , R 14a  and R 15a , or R 16a  and R 17a  may be taken together with a nitrogen atom to which they are bound, to form a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms, one oxygen atom and/or one sulfur atom, in which the heterocyclic group may be substituted with C1-8 alkyl, hydroxy or amino; R 19a  and R 21a  each independently represents C1-8 alkyl, Cyc2 or C1-8 alkyl substituted with Cyc2; R 22a  represents hydroxy, C1-8 alkyl, Cyc2 or C1-8 alkyl substituted with Cyc2; and Cyc2 represents a C5-7 monocyclic carbocyclic group or a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclic group containing one or two nitrogen atoms, one oxygen atom and/or one sulfur atom; 
         p represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 5; 
         q represents an integer of 4 to 6; 
         r represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 4; 
         s represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 4; and 
            represents a single bond or a double bond. 
       
     
     
         3 . The compound according to  claim 2 , which is represented by formula (IA): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein Y 1  and Y 2  each independently represents a bond or a spacer having 1 to 9 atoms in its main chain in which the total atom number of the main chains of Y 1  and Y 2  is 9 or less; 
         R 7  represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, or may be taken together with one atom in the spacer represented by Y 1  and/or Y 2  to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group which may have a substituent(s); and 
         other symbols have the same meanings as described in  claim 1 . 
       
     
     
         4 . The compound according to  claim 2 , which is represented by formula (IB): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein ring B 1  represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group which may have a substituent(s) in which a nitrogen atom in the spacer represented by Y is taken together with a substituent on ring B and Y 1 ; and 
         other symbols have the same meanings as described in any one of  claims 1  and  3 . 
       
     
     
         5 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein ring A is a benzene, indane, indene or naphthalene ring. 
     
     
         6 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein ring B is a C5-12 monocyclic or bicyclic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent(s). 
     
     
         7 . The compound according to  claim 6 , wherein ring B is a benzene or naphthalene ring which may have a substituent(s). 
     
     
         8 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein ring B is a 5- to 12-membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic group which contains 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom and may be partially or fully saturated. 
     
     
         9 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein ring B is a dihydronaphthalene, indene, 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[7]annulene, pyridine, indole, chromene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoxazole, dihydrobenzoxepine, tetrahydroisoquinoline, isoindoline or tetrahydrobenzazepine ring which may have a substituent(s). 
     
     
         10 . The compound according to  claim 4 , wherein the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group represented by ring B 1  is a pyrrole, tetrahydropyridine, dihydropyrrole or tetrahydroazepine ring. 
     
     
         11 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein X is a divalent group having 1 to 8 atoms in its main chain which is 1 to 4 combinations selected from the group consisting of C1-8 alkylene which may be substituted, C2-8 alkenylene which may be substituted, a nitrogen atom which may be substituted, —CO—, —O—, C3-6 cycloalkylene which may be substituted and phenylene which may be substituted. 
     
     
         12 . The compound according to  claim 11 , wherein X is —CH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 5 —, —(CH 2 ) 6 —, —(CH 2 ) 7 —, —(CH 2 ) 8 —, —CH 2 —O—, —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—, —(CH 2 ) 3 —O—, —(CH 2 ) 4 —O—, —(CH 2 ) 5 —O—, —CH═CH—CH 2 —O— or -cyclopropylene-CH 2 —O—, which each may be substituted, in which the right side of each group is bound to ring B. 
     
     
         13 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein Y is a divalent group having 1 to 10 atoms in its main chain which is 1 to 4 combinations selected from the group consisting of C1-10 alkylene which may be substituted, C2-10 alkenylene which may be substituted, C2-10 alkynylene which may be substituted, a nitrogen atom which may be substituted, —CO—, —O—, —S—, phenylene which may be substituted, -(aziridine which may be substituted)-, -(azetidine which may be substituted)-, -(pyrrolidine which may be substituted)-, -(piperidine which may be substituted)-, -(piperazine which may be substituted)- and -(tetrahydropyridine which may be substituted)-. 
     
     
         14 . The compound according to  claim 13 , wherein Y is —(CH 2 ) 3 —NHCH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —NCH 3 —CH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —NH—(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 —NH—(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 —CONHCH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 —CONH-(m-phenylene)-, —CR Y1 ═CH—CH 2 —NH—(CH 2 ) 4 —, —CR Y1 ═CH—CH 2 —NH—(CH 2 ) 5 —, —CR Y1 ═CH—CH 2 —NH—(CH 2 ) 2 —, —CH═CR Y1 —CH 2 —NH—(CH 2 ) 2 —, —CR Y1 ═CH—CH 2 —NH—CH 2 —, —CH 2 -(azetidine)-, —(CH 2 ) 2 -(azetidine)-, —(CH 2 ) 3 -(azetidine)-, —CR Y1 ═CH—CH 2 -(azetidine)-, —CH═CR Y1 —CH 2 -(azetidine)-, —(CH 2 ) 3 -(piperidine)- or —CR Y1 ═CH—CH 2 -(piperidine)-, which each may be substituted, in which R Y1  represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or C1-4 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms, and the right side of each group is bound to ring B. 
     
     
         15 . The compound according to  claim 3 , wherein Y 1  is a divalent group having 1 to 4 atoms in its main chain which is 1 to 4 combinations selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkylene and —CO—. 
     
     
         16 . The compound according to  claim 15 , wherein Y 1  is —CH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 —CO—, —CO—(CH 2 ) 2 — or —(CH 2 ) 3 —, which each may be substituted. 
     
     
         17 . The compound according to  claim 3 , wherein Y 2  is a divalent group having 1 to 5 atoms in its main chain which is 1 to 4 combinations selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkylene which may be substituted and phenylene which may be substituted. 
     
     
         18 . The compound according to  claim 17 , wherein Y 2  is —CH 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 — or -(m-phenylene)-, which each may be substituted. 
     
     
         19 . The compound according to  claim 2 , wherein the substituent represented by R 1  is a halogen atom, C1-20 alkyl which may be substituted, or C1-20 alkyloxy which may be substituted. 
     
     
         20 . The compound according to  claim 19 , wherein the substituent represented by R 1  is fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, trifluoromethyl or methoxy. 
     
     
         21 . The compound according to  claim 3 , wherein R 7  is a hydrogen atom or C1-20 alkyl which may be substituted. 
     
     
         22 . The compound according to  claim 2 , which is a compound represented by formula (I-S-3a): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein X S  has the same meaning as X described in  claim 1 , in which X S  is not —(CH 2 ) q -E a -; R S0 , R S1 , R S2 , R S3 , R S4 , R S5 , R S6 , R S7 , R S8 , R S9 , R S10  and R S11  each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or C1-4 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms; E a , q and other symbols have the same meanings as described in any one of  claims 1  and  2 , or 
         formula (I-S-7a): 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R S0 , R S1 , R S2 , R S3 , R S4 , R S5  and R S6  each has the same meaning as described above; R S12 , R S13 , R S14  and R S15  each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or C1-4 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms; E a , q and other symbols have the same meanings as described in any one of  claims 1  and  2 . 
       
     
     
         23 . The compound according to  claim 2 , which is a compound represented by formula (I-T): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R S16 , R S17 , R S18 , R S19  and R S20  each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or C1-4 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms; and other symbols have the same meanings as described in any one of  claims 1 ,  2  and  22 . 
       
     
     
         24 . The compound according to  claim 2 , which is a compound represented by formula (I-U): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R S21 , R S22 , R S23 , R S24 , R S25  and R S26  each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or C1-4 alkyl which may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms; and other symbols have the same meanings as described in any one of  claims 1 ,  2  and  22 . 
       
     
     
         25 . The compound according to  claim 2 , which is
 (1) N-{(2E)-3-[4-(3-phenylpropoxy)phenyl]prop-2-enyl}-β-alanine,   (2) N-{[6-(3-phenylpropoxy)-2-naphthyl]methyl}-β-alanine,   (3) 1-{[6-(3-phenylpropoxy)-2-naphthyl]methyl}azetidine-3-carboxylic acid,   (4) 1-{[6-(3-phenylpropoxy)-2-naphthyl]methyl}piperidine-4-carboxylic acid,   (5) N-{(2E)-3-[2-methyl-4-(3-phenylpropoxy)phenyl]prop-2-enyl}-β-alanine,   (6) 1-{(2E)-3-[4-(3-phenylpropoxy)phenyl]-2-propenyl}piperidine-4-carboxylic acid,   (7) 1-{(2E)-3-[4-(3-phenylpropoxy)phenyl]-2-propenyl}azetidine-3-carboxylic acid,   (8) N-{3-[4-(3-phenylpropoxy)phenyl]propyl}-β-alanine,   (9) 3-({(2E)-3-[4-(3-phenylpropyl)phenyl]-2-butenyl}amino)propanoic acid,   (10) 3-({(2E)-3-[4-(3-cyclohexylpropoxy)-2-methylphenyl]-2-propenyl}amino)propanoic acid,   (11) 1-{[1-methyl-6-(4-phenylbutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenyl]methyl}-3-azetidinecarboxylic acid,   (12) N-{[1-(5-phenylpentyl)-1H-indol-5-yl]methyl}-β-alanine,   (13) 3-[4-[4-(3-phenylpropoxy)phenyl]-3,6-dihydropyridin-1(2H)-yl]propanoic acid,   (14) 1-(6-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propoxy]-1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenylmethyl)-3-azetidinecarboxylic acid, or   (15) 1-(6-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)propoxy]-1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenylmethyl)-3-azetidinecarboxylic acid.   
     
     
         26 . The compound according to  claim 1 , which is
 (1) N-((2E)-3-{2-methyl-4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-enyl)-3-alanine,   (2) N-((2E)-3-{4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-propenyl)-3-alanine, or   (3) 3-({[1-methyl-6-(4-phenylbutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenyl]methyl}amino)propanoic acid.   
     
     
         27 . A pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound represented by formula (I) in  claim 1 , a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
     
     
         28 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 27 , which is an S1P receptor binding agent. 
     
     
         29 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 28 , which is an EDG-6 binding agent which may have an ability to bind to EDG-1. 
     
     
         30 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 29 , wherein the EDG-6 binding agent which may have an ability to bind to EDG-1 is an EDG-6 agonist which may have an agonistic activity against EDG-1. 
     
     
         31 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 27 , which is an agent for preventing and/or treating a disease related to EDG-1 and/or EDG-6. 
     
     
         32 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 31 , wherein the disease related to EDG-1 and/or EDG-6 is rejection in transplantation, autoimmune disease and/or allergic disease. 
     
     
         33 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 31 , wherein the disease related to EDG-1 and/or EDG-6 is rejection in transplantation of kidney, liver, heart, lung, dermal graft, cornea, bone, bone marrow cells and/or pancreatic islet cells, collagen disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, autoimmune diabetes, lung fibrosis, atopic dermatitis and/or asthma. 
     
     
         34 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 27 , which is an immunosuppressant agent. 
     
     
         35 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 27 , which is an agent causing lymphopenia. 
     
     
         36 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 28 , which comprises
 (1) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]acetic acid,   (2) 3-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]propanoic acid,   (3) 3-[2-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)ethylamino]propanoic acid,   (4) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (5) 2-[N-methyl-3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (6) N-((2E)-3-{2-methyl-4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-enyl)-(3-alanine,   (7) N-((2E)-3-{4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-propenyl)-β-alanine,   (8) 3-({[1-methyl-6-(4-phenylbutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenyl]methyl}amino)propanoic acid,   (9) 3-carboxyl-5-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid, or   (10) 2-chloro-5-[3-(2-fluoro-4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid,
 a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
   
     
     
         37 . A medicament comprising the compound represented by formula (I) according to  claim 1 , a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof in combination with one or at least two selected from the group consisting of an antimetabolite, an alkylating agent, a T cell activation inhibitor, a calcineurin inhibitor, a proliferation signal inhibitor, a steroid, an immunosuppressant agent, an antibody used in immune suppression, an agent for treating rejection, an antibiotic, an antiviral agent and an antifungal agent. 
     
     
         38 . An immunosuppressant agent and/or an agent causing lymphopenia, which comprises a compound which has an ability to bind to EDG-6 and may have an ability to bind to EDG-1. 
     
     
         39 . The immunosuppressant agent and/or the agent causing lymphopenia according to  claim 38 , which is an agent for preventing and/or treating rejection in transplantation, autoimmune disease and/or allergic disease. 
     
     
         40 . A method for preventing and/or treating a disease related to EDG-1 and/or EDG-6 in a mammal, which comprises administering to a mammal an effective amount of the compound represented by formula (I) according to  claim 1 , a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
     
     
         41 . A method for immune suppression and/or lymphopenia in a mammal, which comprises administering to a mammal an effective amount of the compound represented by formula (I) according to  claim 1 , a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
     
     
         42 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 31 , which comprises
 (1) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]acetic acid,   (2) 3-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]propanoic acid,   (3) 3-[2-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)ethylamino]propanoic acid,   (4) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (5) 2-[N-methyl-3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (6) N-((2E)-3-{2-methyl-4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-enyl)-β-alanine,   (7) N-((2E)-3-{4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-propenyl)-β-alanine,   (8) 3-({[1-methyl-6-(4-phenylbutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenyl]methyl}amino)propanoic acid,   (9) 3-carboxyl-5-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid, or   (10) 2-chloro-5-[3-(2-fluoro-4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid,
 a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
   
     
     
         43 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 34 , which comprises
 (1) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]acetic acid,   (2) 3-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]propanoic acid,   (3) 3-[2-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)ethylamino]propanoic acid,   (4) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (5) 2-[N-methyl-3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (6) N-((2E)-3-{2-methyl-4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-enyl)-β-alanine,   (7) N-((2E)-3-{4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-propenyl)-β-alanine,   (8) 3-({[1-methyl-6-(4-phenylbutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenyl]methyl}amino)propanoic acid,   (9) 3-carboxyl-5-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid, or   (10) 2-chloro-5-[3-(2-fluoro-4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid,
 a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof. 
   
     
     
         44 . The pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 35 , which comprises
 (1) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]acetic acid,   (2) 3-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]propanoic acid,   (3) 3-[2-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)ethylamino]propanoic acid,   (4) 2-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (5) 2-[N-methyl-3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propylamino]acetic acid,   (6) N-((2E)-3-{2-methyl-4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-enyl)-β-alanine,   (7) N-((2E)-3-{4-[(5-phenylpentyl)oxy]phenyl}-2-propenyl)-β-alanine,   (8) 3-({[1-methyl-6-(4-phenylbutoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenyl]methyl}amino)propanoic acid,   (9) 3-carboxyl-5-[3-(4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid, or   (10) 2-chloro-5-[3-(2-fluoro-4-(5-phenylpentyloxy)phenyl)propanoylamino]benzoic acid,
 a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof.