Exhaust aftertreatment component condition estimation and regeneration

Abstract

Described herein is an apparatus for an exhaust aftertreatment system includes a first aftertreatment component poison module that is configured to generate a first component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of a first poison on the first aftertreatment component. The accumulation of the first poison on the first aftertreatment component is based on an estimated amount of the first poison being released from the first aftertreatment component. The apparatus also includes a second aftertreatment component poison module that is configured to generate a second component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component. The accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component is based on the estimated amount of the first poison being released from the first aftertreatment component.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An apparatus for an exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising:
 a first aftertreatment component poison module configured to generate a first component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of a first poison on the first aftertreatment component, the accumulation of the first poison on the first aftertreatment component being based on an estimated amount of the first poison being released from the first aftertreatment component; and   a second aftertreatment component poison module configured to generate a second component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component, the accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component being based on the estimated amount of the first poison being released from the first aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         2 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a poison regeneration arbitration module configured to generate a poison regeneration command based on an arbitration of the first and second component poison regeneration requests. 
     
     
         3 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , further comprising a time-based regeneration module configured to generate a system regeneration request based on a passage of a preset period of time, wherein the poison regeneration arbitration module is configured to generate the poison regeneration command based on an arbitration of the first component poison regeneration request, second component poison regeneration request, and system regeneration request. 
     
     
         4 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component is based on an estimated amount of the first poison being released from the second aftertreatment component, the apparatus further comprising a third aftertreatment component poison module configured to generate a third component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of the first poison on the third aftertreatment component, the accumulation of the first poison on the third aftertreatment component being based on the estimated amount of the first poison being released from the second aftertreatment component. 
     
     
         5 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first aftertreatment component poison module is configured to estimate an amount of the first poison being stored on the first aftertreatment component, wherein the accumulation of the first poison on the first aftertreatment component is based on a difference between the amount of the first poison being stored on the first aftertreatment component and the amount of the first poison being released from the first aftertreatment component; and   the second aftertreatment component poison module is configured to estimate an amount of the first poison being stored on the second aftertreatment component, wherein the accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component is based on a difference between the amount of the first poison being stored on the second aftertreatment component and the amount of the first poison being released from the second aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         6 . The apparatus of  claim 5 , wherein:
 the amount of the first poison being stored on the first aftertreatment component is estimated based on a temperature of the first aftertreatment component and a mass flow rate of exhaust gas into the first aftertreatment component; and   the amount of the first poison being stored on the second aftertreatment component is estimated based on a temperature of the second aftertreatment component and a mass flow rate of exhaust gas into the second aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         7 . The apparatus of  claim 6 , wherein:
 the amount of the first poison being released from the first aftertreatment component is estimated based on the temperature of the first aftertreatment component and the amount of the first poison being stored on the first aftertreatment component; and   the amount of the first poison being released from the second aftertreatment component is estimated based on the temperature of the second aftertreatment component and the amount of the first poison being stored on the second aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         8 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the first component poison regeneration request comprises first regeneration event parameters and the second component poison regeneration request comprises second regeneration event parameters, wherein the first regeneration event parameters are different than the second regeneration event parameters. 
     
     
         9 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the first poison comprises one of sulfur, hydrocarbon, or water. 
     
     
         10 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first aftertreatment component comprises one of a diesel oxidation catalyst, a diesel particulate filter, a selective catalytic reduction catalyst, or an ammonia oxidation catalyst; and   the second aftertreatment component comprises another one of the diesel oxidation catalyst, diesel particulate filter, selective catalytic reduction catalyst, or ammonia oxidation catalyst.   
     
     
         11 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a third aftertreatment component poison module configured to generate a third component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of a second poison on the first aftertreatment component, the accumulation of the second poison on the first aftertreatment component being based on an amount of the second poison being released from the first aftertreatment component; and   a fourth aftertreatment component poison module configured to generate a fourth component poison regeneration request based on an estimated accumulation of the second poison on the second aftertreatment component, the accumulation of the second poison on the second aftertreatment component being based on the estimated amount of the second poison being released from the first aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         12 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the poison regeneration arbitration module is further configured to generate the poison regeneration command based on an arbitration of the first, second, third, and fourth component poison regeneration requests. 
     
     
         13 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first aftertreatment component poison module generates the first component poison regeneration request when the estimated accumulation of the first poison on the first aftertreatment component meets a first poison accumulation threshold, the first poison accumulation threshold corresponding with a minimum allowable performance characteristic of the first aftertreatment component; and   the second aftertreatment component poison module generates the second component poison regeneration request when the estimated accumulation of the first poison on the second aftertreatment component meets a second poison accumulation threshold, the second poison accumulation threshold corresponding with a minimum allowable performance characteristic of the second aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         14 . The apparatus of  claim 13 , wherein the first poison accumulation threshold is different than the second poison accumulation threshold. 
     
     
         15 . The apparatus of  claim 13 , wherein:
 the first aftertreatment component comprises one of a diesel oxidation catalyst, a selective catalytic reduction catalyst, or an ammonia oxidation catalyst, and the minimum allowable performance characteristic of the first aftertreatment component comprises one of a minimum allowable NO to NO 2  oxidation efficiency, a minimum allowable NOx conversion efficiency, or a minimum allowable ammonia oxidation efficiency, respectively; and   the second aftertreatment component comprises another one of the diesel oxidation catalyst, selective catalytic reduction catalyst, or ammonia oxidation catalyst, and the minimum allowable performance characteristic of the second aftertreatment component comprises one of the minimum allowable NO to NO 2  oxidation efficiency, minimum allowable NOx conversion efficiency, or minimum allowable ammonia oxidation efficiency, respectively   
     
     
         16 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the first poison comprises hydrocarbon, and wherein at least the first aftertreatment component poison module comprises an exothermal module configured to monitor an exothermal condition of the first aftertreatment component, and wherein the first aftertreatment component poison module generates an exothermal regeneration request when the exothermal condition meets an exothermal condition threshold. 
     
     
         17 . An exhaust aftertreatment system in exhaust gas receiving communication with an internal combustion engine, comprising:
 a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC);   a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst downstream of the DOC;   an ammonia oxidation (AMOX) catalyst downstream of the SCR catalyst;   a DOC poison module configured to estimate an accumulation of a first poison on the DOC, and configured to request regeneration of the DOC when the accumulation of the first poison on the DOC meets a first predetermined poison accumulation threshold corresponding with a minimum desirable NO to NO 2  oxidation efficiency of the DOC;   an SCR poison module configured to estimate an accumulation of the first poison on the SCR catalyst, and configured to request regeneration of the SCR catalyst when the accumulation of the first poison on the SCR catalyst meets a second predetermined poison accumulation threshold corresponding with a minimum desirable NOx conversion efficiency of the SCR catalyst; and   an AMOX poison module configured to estimate an accumulation of the first poison on the AMOX catalyst, and configured to request regeneration of the AMOX catalyst when the accumulation of the first poison on the AMOX catalyst meets a third predetermined poison accumulation threshold corresponding with a minimum desirable ammonia oxidation efficiency of the AMOX catalyst.   
     
     
         18 . The exhaust aftertreatment system of  claim 17 , wherein:
 the DOC poison module is further configured to estimate an amount of poison being released from the internal combustion engine and an amount of poison being released from the DOC, the estimate of the accumulation of the first poison on the DOC being based on the amount of poison being released from the internal combustion engine;   the SCR poison module is further configured to estimate an amount of poison being released from the SCR catalyst, the estimate of the accumulation of the first poison on the SCR catalyst being based on the amount of poison being released from the DOC; and   the estimate of the accumulation of the first poison on the AMOX catalyst is based on the amount of poison being released from the SCR catalyst.   
     
     
         19 . A method for estimating conditions of and regenerating exhaust aftertreatment system components, comprising:
 estimating an accumulated quantity of a poison on a first aftertreatment component;   commanding a regeneration of the exhaust aftertreatment system if the accumulated quantity of the poison on the first aftertreatment component meets a first threshold associated with a performance characteristic of the first aftertreatment component;   estimating an accumulated quantity of the poison on a second aftertreatment component; and   commanding a regeneration of the exhaust aftertreatment system if the accumulated quantity of the poison on the second aftertreatment component meets a second threshold associated with a performance characteristic of the second aftertreatment component.   
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , further comprising:
 determining an amount of the poison entering the first aftertreatment component, wherein estimating the accumulated quantity of the poison on the first aftertreatment component is based on the amount of the poison entering the first aftertreatment component; and   estimating an amount of poison being released from the first aftertreatment component, wherein estimating the accumulated quantity of the poison on the second aftertreatment component is based on the amount of poison being released from the first aftertreatment component.