Sugar compositions

Abstract

A sugar composition comprising at least 40% dissolved solids in an aqueous solution having a viscosity at least 10% lower than a 42 DE (Dextrose Equivalents) reference solution with a same dissolved solids concentration at a given temperature. Another sugar composition comprising at least 30% glucose relative to total sugars, at least 10% mannose relative to total sugars, at least 5% xylose relative to total sugars, and less than 0.25% ash. Another sugar composition comprising at least 30% glucose relative to total sugars at least 10% mannose relative to total sugars, at least 5% xylose relative to total sugars, and at least 2% total furfurals.

1 - 59 . (canceled) 
     
     
         60 . A composition comprising:
 (a) at least one water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate selected from:
 (i) a monomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; or 
 (ii) a monomeric cellulose sugar hydrolyzate; 
   (b) at least one water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate selected from:
 (iii) a dimeric or higher oligomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; or 
 (iv) a dimeric or higher oligomeric cellulose sugar hydrolyzate; and 
   (c) less than 0.25% in total by weight, relative to the total solids in the composition, of ash.   
     
     
         61 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein the ash comprises Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si. 
     
     
         62 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of glucose, mannose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         63 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, galactose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         64 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         65 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is derived from a lignocellulose substrate. 
     
     
         66 . The composition of  claim 60 , further comprising water. 
     
     
         67 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is present at a concentration of at least 90% in an aqueous solution. 
     
     
         68 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         69 . The composition of  claim 60 , further comprising less than 0.10% by weight, relative to the total solids in the composition, of ash. 
     
     
         70 . The composition of  claim 60 , further comprising less than 1 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of calcium. 
     
     
         71 . The composition of  claim 60 , further comprising less than 1 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of iron. 
     
     
         72 . The composition of  claim 60 , further comprising less than 50 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of sulfur. 
     
     
         73 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein the weight ratio of the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate to the ash is greater than 360:1. 
     
     
         74 . A composition comprising:
 (a) at least one water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate selected from:
 (i) a monomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; or 
 (ii) a monomeric cellulose sugar hydrolyzate; 
   (b) at least one water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate selected from:
 (iii) a dimeric or higher oligomeric hemicellulose sugar hydrolyzate; or 
 (iv) a dimeric or higher oligomeric cellulose sugar hydrolyzate; and 
   (c) impurities, wherein the impurities comprise:
 less than 1 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of calcium; 
 less than 1 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of iron; 
 less than 50 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of sulfur; and 
 less than 0.25% by weight, based on the total weight of the total solids in the composition, of ash. 
   
     
     
         75 . The composition of  claim 74 , wherein the impurities comprise Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si. 
     
     
         76 . The composition of  claim 74 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of glucose, mannose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         77 . The composition of  claim 74 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, galactose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         78 . The composition of  claim 74 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         79 . The composition of  claim 74 , further comprising less than 0.10% in the total weight relative to the total solids in the composition, of ash, wherein the ash comprises Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si. 
     
     
         80 . The composition of  claim 60 , comprising at least one dimeric hydrolyzate. 
     
     
         81 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein one or more of the hydrolyzates is a hexose. 
     
     
         82 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein one or more of the hydrolyzates is a pentose. 
     
     
         83 . The composition of  claim 60 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         84 . The composition of  claim 69 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         85 . The composition of  claim 70 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         86 . The composition of  claim 71 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         87 . The composition of  claim 72 , wherein:
 the water-soluble monomeric hydrolyzate is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and   the water-soluble dimeric or higher oligomeric hydrolyzate is selected from a dimer or higher oligomer of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         88 . A composition comprising:
 at least one water-soluble monosaccharide hydrolyzate;   at least one water-soluble disaccharide hydrolyzate; and   less than 0.25% in total by weight, relative to the total solids in the composition, of ash.   
     
     
         89 . The composition of  claim 88 , wherein the ash comprises Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si.