Method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid

Abstract

The present application is directed to a method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid, including the use of supercritical fluid to dye the textile materials, the use of supercritical fluid for a pre-processing procedure of cleansing the textile materials, and the use of supercritical fluid to wash off unfixed dyes and cleansing of the textile materials and to perform the post-processing procedure of adding functional materials after the use of supercritical fluid to dye the textile materials. The present application provides an integrated technology of pre-processing, dyeing and post-processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid. At the same time, cleansing and dyeing are performed which effectively raises the efficiency.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid, the method comprising a pre-processing procedure of cleansing a textile material using a supercritical fluid, before a process of dyeing the textile material using the supercritical fluid. 
     
     
         2 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 1 , further comprising a post-processing procedure of washing off unfixed dyes on the textile material using the supercritical fluid, after the process of dyeing the textile material using the supercritical fluid. 
     
     
         3 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 1 , further comprising a post-processing procedure of adding a functional material to the textile material using the supercritical fluid, after the process of dyeing the textile material using the supercritical fluid. 
     
     
         4 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 2 , further comprising a post-processing procedure of adding a functional material to the textile material using the supercritical fluid, after the process of dyeing the textile material using the supercritical fluid. 
     
     
         5 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 1 , wherein the pre-processing procedure of cleansing comprises:
 treating gaseous carbon dioxide by a supercritical process so that the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches a supercritical state;   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide through a high-pressure cauldron with the textile material provided therein, thereby rinsing the textile material and removing grease therefrom; and   depressurizing and separating the grease from the carbon dioxide, and collecting the carbon dioxide in gaseous state for re-use.   
     
     
         6 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 2 , wherein the post-processing procedure of washing off unfixed dyes comprises:
 treating gaseous carbon dioxide by a supercritical process so that the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches a supercritical state;   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide through a high-pressure cauldron with the textile material provided therein, thereby washing the textile material and removing the unfixed dyes therefrom; and   depressurizing and separating the unfixed dyes from the carbon dioxide, and collecting the carbon dioxide in gaseous state for re-use.   
     
     
         7 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 5 , further comprising the step of adding an organic solvent in the high-pressure cauldron in advance in the pre-processing procedure of cleansing and the post-processing procedure of washing off unfixed dyes, wherein the added organic solvent is in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight of the textile material. 
     
     
         8 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 6 , further comprising the step of adding an organic solvent in the high-pressure cauldron in advance in the pre-processing procedure of cleansing and the post-processing procedure of washing off unfixed dyes, wherein the added organic solvent is in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight of the textile material. 
     
     
         9 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 3 , wherein the post-processing procedure of adding the functional material comprises:
 treating gaseous carbon dioxide by a supercritical process so that the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches a supercritical state;   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide into a functional material can with the functional material provided therein so that the functional material is dissolved in the supercritical carbon dioxide;   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide with the dissolved functional material into a high-pressure cauldron with the textile material provided therein, thereby performing sedimentation of the functional material in the textile material; and   depressurizing and separating the functional material from the carbon dioxide, and collecting the carbon dioxide in gaseous state for re-use.   
     
     
         10 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 4 , wherein the post-processing procedure of adding the functional material comprises:
 treating gaseous carbon dioxide by a supercritical process so that the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches a supercritical state;   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide into a functional material can with the functional material provided therein so that the functional material is dissolved in the supercritical carbon dioxide;   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide with the dissolved functional material into a high-pressure cauldron with the textile material provided therein, thereby performing sedimentation of the functional material in the textile material; and   depressurizing and separating the functional material from the carbon dioxide, and collecting the carbon dioxide in gaseous state for re-use.   
     
     
         11 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 9 , wherein during the procedure of sedimentation of the functional material, the supercritical carbon dioxide with the dissolved functional material in the high-pressure cauldron is led back to an entry port of the functional material can through a control valve, a flow meter and a high-pressure cycling pump, thereby repeatedly performing sedimentation of the functional material until the functional material is fully absorbed by the textile material. 
     
     
         12 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 10 , wherein during the procedure of sedimentation of the functional material, the supercritical carbon dioxide with the dissolved functional material in the high-pressure cauldron is led back to an entry port of the functional material can through a control valve, a flow meter and a high-pressure cycling pump, thereby repeatedly performing sedimentation of the functional material until the functional material is fully absorbed by the textile material. 
     
     
         13 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 2 , further comprising the step of:
 adding a functional material into a dyeing can containing a dyeing material,   passing supercritical carbon dioxide into the dyeing can so that it dissolves the dyeing material and the functional material; and   passing the supercritical carbon dioxide with the dissolved dyeing material and functional material into a high-pressure cauldron with the textile material provided therein, thereby performing sedimentation of the dyeing material and the functional material in the textile material.   
     
     
         14 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 11 , wherein the functional material is a compound comprising fluorine. 
     
     
         15 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 11 , wherein the functional material is a compound comprising silicon. 
     
     
         16 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 12 , wherein the functional material is a compound comprising fluorine. 
     
     
         17 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 12 , wherein the functional material is a compound comprising silicon. 
     
     
         18 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 13 , wherein the functional material is a compound comprising fluorine. 
     
     
         19 . The method of waterless processing of textile materials using supercritical fluid according to  claim 13 , wherein the functional material is a compound comprising silicon.