Water level flow speed-increasing generating station, power station, water supply station, and offshore floating city

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic machinery, and relates to, by using the law of motion conversion and Bernoulli's equation, a generating station formed with a water level speed-increasing water tunnel set on a special ship or offshore floating city increasing a natural flow velocity V1≦1 msec of a water source to a high speed of V2≧200 msec to propel a turbine, and drive a generator; a power station formed with the turbine driving various load machinery; and a water supply station formed with an outlet of the speed-increasing water tunnel being connected to a lift tube. Hence, the present invention can replace high dams of a small number, to convert planar flow dynamics of wide rivers, seas, and oceans into inexhaustible, cheap, clean, and sustainable energy, which is a major theme project of the third industrial revolution.

1 . A hydraulic machinery station, wherein, in the case of the generating station, basic elements of a water tunnel speed-increasing hydroelectric power station with single unit power of <1000 KW to >1000000 KW comprise a generator and a hydraulic turbine, one or more outlets of a speed-increasing water tunnel increasing a natural velocity V 1 ≦1 m/sec of flowing water on the river, sea, ocean plane to V 2 ≧200 m/sec are set at a water source inlet of the hydraulic turbine, a cross-sectional shell of the speed-increasing water tunnel has circumferential tightness, whose inlet is always below a water surface and sectional area F1>>F2—an outlet and has a radial or circumferential local opening adjustment device making the generator move at a constant speed, the position of the outlet of the speed-increasing water tunnel is in the same plane with the inlet or above or below the inlet, the cross-sectional shell of the speed-increasing water tunnel is round, square or elliptical, an installation base of the hydraulic turbine is a platform of an offshore floating city or special ship, the inlet and the outlet of each speed-increasing water tunnel have respective doors that can be opened, closed and regulated, a longitudinal axis of the speed-increasing water tunnel is linear, in-plane spiral, equiangular or non-equiangular spiral, different planes have an axial lead angle, in order to balance water pressures on left and right sides of the offshore floating city or special ship, when the offshore floating city or special ship is linked with an underwater pile tower in a fixed manner, one or more speed-increasing water tunnels in a signal flow direction are disposed in a radial direction of each hydraulic turbine, when the offshore floating city or special ship can rotate around an axis of the underwater pile tower to adapt to the water flow direction, each hydraulic turbine is provided with a speed-increasing water tunnel, at this time, a gravity portion at the bottom of the offshore floating city or special ship is linked with the top of the underwater pile tower through a giant and axially moveable ball-twisted bearing, and in order to balance wave beat and increase stability of tilt of larboard and starboard of the ship, the larboard and the starboard are provided with a special ship possessing a draft, wherein the biggest one is habitable for humans, and an offshore floating city with agricultural, industrial, and commercial facilities; the present invention is applicable to vertical, horizontal hydraulic turbines, outlet water velocities of its water flow dynamic pressure speed-increasing water tunnel may respectively reach 60-120 m/sec pelton turbines (comprising single nozzle and multi-nozzle turbines), Francis turbines and Diagonal turbines with a water velocity between 20-117 msec, and Bulb turbines and standard s-type turbines with a water velocity of 5-32 msec; in the case of the generating station, a turbine shaft drives the generator, in the case of the power station, the turbine shaft drives various load machinery, and in the case of the water supply station, the outlet (or via an annular inlet manifold) of the speed-increasing water tunnel is connected with a lift tube to lift and inject water into a diversion riverbed;
 in the case of use of the offshore floating city especially multiple hub generator units, the centers of each turbine generator units are arranged in a circle, an inlet pipe is linked with the annular inlet manifold in a radial direction thereof, an outer side thereof is linked with the speed-increasing water tunnel through the outlet of the speed-increasing water tunnel, and effluent of each hydraulic turbine is discharged to an annular tube (groove) from its own discharge tube (groove) or discharged to a free water surface, and the offshore floating city having the facilities. 
 
     
     
         2 . The hydraulic machinery station according to  claim 1 , wherein for multiple hub generating stations, the number of the hydraulic turbines and the generator may be several or dozens and a power plant thereof belongs to a power storage transformation system. 
     
     
         3 . The hydraulic machinery station according to  claim 1 , wherein the material of the speed-increasing water tunnel comprises a steel structure, a composite or single layer steel sheet, engineering plastic, and aluminum alloy. 
     
     
         4 . The hydraulic machinery station according to  claim 1 , wherein a transmission manner of a circumferential brake device of the offshore floating city or special ship may be that a prime motor with a power source of independent power supply (diesel or motor with independent power supply) drives a reducer (or a turbine pair) having self-locking performance whose slow shaft drives two ends of a wire rope drum to be wound on an outer edge of the underwater pile tower in a multi-hoop manner, and the circumferential brake device receives flow direction signals to position the offshore floating city or special ship in a direction. 
     
     
         5 . The hydraulic machinery station according to  claim 1 , wherein the giant radial bearing is fixed to an outer edge of the pile tower from an inner diameter of an inner ring, an outer diameter thereof and an inner diameter of an intermediate ring have clearance there between, the bearing can move up and down, an outer diameter of the intermediate ring is a convex sphere, and mates with the inner ring of an outer ring having a concave sphere, and an outer diameter of the outer ring is fixed to the installation base. 
     
     
         6 . The hydraulic machinery station according to  claim 1 , wherein a link between the platform of the larboard and the starboard of the offshore floating city or special ship and the ship body may be a welded whole, or may be a group hinged joint, its link with the pile tower may be a link with the spherical radial bearing or may be a fixed mode, and the number and the position of the pile tower are set appropriately. 
     
     
         7 . An otherwise-driven ship propeller set as a floating offshore floating city or special ship and a power transmission device thereof, wherein an underwater ground pile group linked with an anchor chain is provided for a lighthouse movable power supply hub linked with a submarine distribution cable.