Use of attenuated strains of parasites for the prevention or treatment of pathologies associated with an apicomplexan

Abstract

Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from Toxoplasma spp or Neospora spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof in the prevention or the treatment, in a mammal, of a pathology associated with an apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae.

1 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof in the prevention or the treatment, in a neonate mammal, of a pathology associated with an apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae. 
     
     
         2 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which said mammal is a human being or an animal. 
     
     
         3 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 2 , in which said animal belongs to the group comprising or constituted by ovines, caprins, porcines, bovines, equines, camelids, canids or felids. 
     
     
         4 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which said strains of  Toxoplasma  spp or of  Neospora  spp have at least an adhesin MIC-1 and/or an adhesin MIC-3 inactivated by a genetic modification relating to at least one of the mic-1 and/or mic-3 genes. 
     
     
         5 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which said strains of  Toxoplasma  spp or of  Neospora  spp have the two adhesins MIC-1 and MIC-3 inactivated by a genetic modification relating to the two mic-1 and mic-3 genes. 
     
     
         6 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 4 , in which the strains of  Toxoplasma  spp or of  Neospora  spp are respectively  Toxoplasma gondii  or  Neospora caninum.   
     
     
         7 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which the immunostimulant effect of said strains leads to the secretion of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and then of interferon-γ (IFN-γ). 
     
     
         8 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 7 , in which the secretion of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) begins between 3 and 9 days after using said strains of  Toxoplasma  spp or of  Neospora  spp as immunostimulant. 
     
     
         9 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which said pathology associated with an apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae is cryptosporidiosis. 
     
     
         10 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 9 , in which the apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae responsible for the cryptosporidiosis is at least one apicomplexan selected from the group constituted by  Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium bovis, Cryptosporidium andersoni, Cryptosporidium ryanae, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium ubiquitum, Cryptosporidium hominis, Cryptosporidium canis, Cryptosporidium felis, Cryptosporidium baileyi, Cryptosporidium meleagridis  or  Cryptosporidium xiaoi.   
     
     
         11 . Strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, said strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  having the two adhesins MIC-1 and MIC-3 inactivated by a genetic modification relating to the two mic-1 and mic-3 genes, for the use thereof according to  claim 6 , in which said pathology associated with an apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae is cryptosporidiosis. 
     
     
         12 . Strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof in the prevention or the treatment, in a mammal, of a pathology associated with an apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae, said strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  having the two adhesins MIC-1 and MIC-3 inactivated by a genetic modification relating to the two mic-1 and mic-3 genes, and said pathology associated with an apicomplexan of the family Cryptosporidiidae is cryptosporidiosis. 
     
     
         13 . Strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, said strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  having the two adhesins MIC-1 and MIC-3 inactivated by a genetic modification relating to the two mic-1 and mic-3 genes, for the use thereof according to  claim 6 , in which said strains of  Toxoplasma gondii  or of  Neospora caninum  are administered to the mammal at a rate from 20 to 10 9  tachyzoites. 
     
     
         14 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which said strains are in a galenic form selected from the group comprising or constituted by liquid suspensions, solid or liquid dispersions, powders, pastes or lyophilizates. 
     
     
         15 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 1 , in which said strains are associated with at least one other antigen, or at least one adjuvant, or at least one stabilizer, or at least one preservative or a mixture of at least two of said products for increasing the immune response of said mammal. 
     
     
         16 . Strains of Sarcocystidae selected from  Toxoplasma  spp or  Neospora  spp isolated from their natural environment and having an immunostimulant effect, for the use thereof according to  claim 5 , in which the strains of  Toxoplasma  spp or of  Neospora  spp are respectively  Toxoplasma gondii  or  Neospora caninum.