Methods and apparatus for transmitting and receiving fec frame headers with variable header modulation

Abstract

A frame header of Forward Error Correction (FEC) is provided, suitable for using in the DVB-C2 Standard. In the DVB-C2 Standard, Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) or Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) is applied to each FEC block to provide as much flexibility as possible. As a result, a frame header is attached in front of each FEC frame to inform the coding rate, modulation type and physical layer pipe identifier. Besides the signaling of physical layer related information, the FEC frame header has to provide a structure so that it can be easily and reliably detected in the receiver. Motivated by the need in DVB-C2 Standard, an efficient and reliable FEC header suitable for DVB-C2 Standard is provided in at least one implementation in this disclosure that combines use of two different modulation types for the header information. In addition, the detection Method of the FEC header is described.

1 . A method for encoding FEC frame header information for data packets, comprising:
 encoding header bits in the header information for data packets using Reed-Muller encoding;   processing the Reed-Muller coded header bits by performing a cyclic bit shift operation and an exclusive-OR operation with a pseudo-random binary sequence; and   modulating the Reed-Muller coded header bits with a modulation type that depends upon the modulation type used to modulate data symbols in a corresponding data portion.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the header information is used in a digital cable television transmission. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein said modulating step uses offset binary phase shift keying for a first type of header modulation and 16-QAM for a second type of header modulation. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein said processing step uses a one bit-shifted version of said Reed-Muller encoded bits exclusively-ORed with a pseudo-random binary sequence for generation of binary phase shift keying symbols and a two bit-shifted version of said Reed-Muller encoded bits exclusively-ORed with a pseudo-random binary sequence for generation of 16-QAM symbols. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein said modulating step is performed by modulating said Reed-Muller encoded bits using said exclusive-OR output bits for binary phase shift keying modulation and by modulating said Reed-Muller encoded bits using paired sets of bits comprising two said exclusive-OR output bits and two of said Reed-Muller encoded bits for 16-QAM modulation. 
     
     
         6 . An apparatus for encoding FEC frame header information, comprising:
 an encoder for header bits in the header information for data packets using Reed-Muller encoding;   a processor for processing the Reed-Muller coded header bits by performing a cyclic bit shift operation and an exclusive-OR operation with a pseudo-random binary sequence; and   a modulator for modulating the Reed-Muller coded header bits with a modulation type that depends upon the modulation type used to modulate data symbols in a corresponding data portion.   
     
     
         7 . The apparatus of  claim 6 , wherein the encoder encodes header information in a digital cable television transmission. 
     
     
         8 . The apparatus of  claim 7 , wherein the modulator performs modulation with a pseudo-random binary sequence using offset binary phase shift keying for a first type of header modulation and 16-QAM for a second type of header modulation. 
     
     
         9 . The apparatus of  claim 8 , further comprising a processor that uses a one bit-shifted version of said Reed-Muller encoded bits exclusively-ORed with a pseudo-random binary sequence for generation of binary phase shift keying symbols and a two bit-shifted version of said Reed-Muller encoded bits exclusively-ORed with a pseudo-random binary sequence for generation of 16-QAM symbols. 
     
     
         10 . The apparatus of  claim 9 , wherein the modulator modulates said Reed-Muller encoded bits using said exclusive-OR output bits for binary phase shift keying modulation and by modulating said Reed-Muller encoded bits using paired sets of bits comprising two said exclusive-OR output bits and two of said Reed-Muller encoded bits for 16-QAM modulation. 
     
     
         11 . A method for decoding header information, the method comprising:
 receiving a bitstream in a digital cable television transmission;   determining from bits encoded in the bitstream a type of modulation used for an FEC frame header;   demodulating said FEC frame header in response to the type of modulation determined from said encoded bits.   
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the header information is from a digital cable television transmission. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein said demodulating step uses a pseudo-random binary sequence with an offset binary phase shift keying for a header modulated with a first type of header modulation and a pseudo-random binary sequence with 16-QAM for a header modulated with a second type of header modulation. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein said demodulating step performs an inverse exclusive-OR operation of a bit-shifted version of said Reed-Muller encoded bits with a pseudo-random binary sequence. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein said exclusive-OR operation is performed with a one-bit cyclic shift of said Reed-Muller encoded bits for a binary phase shift keying modulated header and a two-bit cyclic shift of said Reed-Muller encoded bits for a 16-QAM modulated header. 
     
     
         16 . An apparatus for decoding header information, comprising:
 a receiver for receiving a bitstream in a digital cable television transmission;   circuitry for determining from bits encoded in the bitstream a type of modulation used for an FEC frame header;   a demodulator for demodulating said FEC frame header in response to the type of modulation determined from said encoded bits.   
     
     
         17 . The apparatus of  claim 16 , wherein the header information is from a digital cable television transmission. 
     
     
         18 . The apparatus of  claim 17 , wherein the demodulator uses a pseudo-random binary sequence with an offset binary phase shift keying for a header modulated with a first type of header modulation and a pseudo-random binary sequence with 16-QAM for a header modulated with a second type of header modulation. 
     
     
         19 . The apparatus of  claim 18 , wherein said demodulator performs an inverse exclusive-OR operation of a bit-shifted version of said Reed-Muller encoded bits with a pseudo-random binary sequence. 
     
     
         20 . The apparatus of  claim 19 , wherein said exclusive-OR operation is performed with a one-bit cyclic shift of said Reed-Muller encoded bits for a binary phase shift keying modulated header and a two-bit cyclic shift of said Reed-Muller encoded bits for a 16-QAM modulated header.