Catalytic cracking of organic compounds using a modified y zeolite

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method in the absence of hydrogen for the catalytic cracking of organic compounds using a zeolitic material, modified Y zeolite. In said cracking method, the modified zeolitic material can be the sole zeolitic component or can be combined with at least one second zeolitic component. The catalytic cracking method of the invention comprises at least the following steps: a) introducing at least one first zeolitic material, modified zeolite, into a reactor; b) supplying the reactor with at least one organic compound; c) leaving the modified zeolite and the organic compound in contact with another for the time necessary for the reaction to occur.

1 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds in the absence of hydrogen characterized in that it comprises, at least, the following steps:
 a. introducing at least a modified Y zeolite, into a reactor,   b. feeding the reactor with at least one organic compound,   c. leaving in contact the modified Y zeolite and the organic compound the time necessary for the reaction to occur   
       wherein the modified Y zeolite has mesoporosity and is prepared from at least a precursor in contact with an aqueous basic solution and at least a hydrothermal treatment. 
     
     
         2 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the preparation of the modified Y zeolite further comprises, at least, an ion exchange process. 
     
     
         3 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  and  2 , characterized in that the precursor of the modified zeolite is selected from Y zeolite, stabilized Y zeolite, ultra-stabilized Y zeolite and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  and  3 , characterized in that the precursor of the modified zeolite has a silica/alumina molar relation comprised between 3:1 and 100:1. 
     
     
         5 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the precursor of the modified zeolite has a silica/alumina molar relation comprised between 4:1 and 75:1. 
     
     
         6 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  to  5 , characterized in that said process comprises at least a second zeolitic material. 
     
     
         7 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 6 , characterized in that said second zeolitic material is selected from zeolites with structures containing pores delimited by rings selected from among 14, 12 and 10 membered rings and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 6  and  7 , characterized in that said second zeolitic material is selected from CIT-5, UTD-1, Beta zeolite, ITQ-7, Y zeolite, SSZ-33, Nu-86, ZSM-5, SAPO-11, MCM-22 and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         9 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 8 , characterized in that said second zeolitic material is selected from Beta zeolite, Y zeolite, ZSM-5, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         10 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 6  to  9 , characterized in that said second zeolitic material is present in a proportion by weight with respect to the modified Y zeolite from between 2 and 80%. 
     
     
         11 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  and  2 , characterized in that the ion exchange is carried out with ions selected from divalent cations, trivalent cations, rare earths and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         12 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 11 , characterized in that in that the ion exchange is carried out with rare earths. 
     
     
         13 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 11  and  12 , characterized in that the ion exchange is complete. 
     
     
         14 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 11  and  12 , characterized in that the ion exchange is partial. 
     
     
         15 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  to  14 , characterized in that it is carried out at a temperature between 400 and 800° C. 
     
     
         16 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 15 , characterized in that it is carried out at a temperature between 450 y 650° C. 
     
     
         17 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  to  16 , characterized in that the organic compound comprises, at least, a hydrocarbon fraction. 
     
     
         18 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 17 , characterized in that the hydrocarbon fraction derives from petroleum. 
     
     
         19 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 17 , characterized in that the hydrocarbon fraction derives from biomass. 
     
     
         20 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claim 17 , characterized in that the hydrocarbon fraction is a synthetic one. 
     
     
         21 . Catalytic cracking process of organic compounds according to  claims 1  to  20 , characterized in that said process is selected between deep catalytic cracking and catalytic cracking in a fluidized bed.