Biomass Bio Oil Upgrade Method

Abstract

A bio oil pyrolysis and conditioning system produces a useful fuel oil. The pyrolysis system includes an auger carrying biomass feed material though an oxygen rare pyrolysis chamber. Vapor phase bio oil is collected at three locations along the length of the pyrolysis chamber and carried from the pyrolysis chamber to condensers and quenched by a water spray before release into the condensers. The water also serving as a solvent to reduce pH in the liquid phase raw bio oil. The raw bio oil is carried to a conditioning system where the raw bio oil resides in a separation tank where the water separates and is removed producing refined bio oil. Ethanol is mixed with the refined bio oil to provide the fuel oil.

I claim: 
     
         1 . A method for producing a useful bio oil material, the method comprising:
 feeding biomass into a pyrolysis chamber;   heating the biomass to create vapor phase bio oil;   carrying the vapor phase bio oil to a condenser;   condensing the bio oil vapor into liquid phase raw bio oil in the condenser;   separating water from the raw bio oil in a separator to produce refined bio oil; and   processing the refined bio oil into a useful material.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further including quenching the vapor phase bio oil before releasing the vapor phase bio oil into the condenser. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein quenching comprises spraying water into the vapor phase bio oil before releasing the vapor phase bio oil into the condenser. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein spraying the water into the vapor phase bio oil comprises spraying the water into the vapor phase bio oil, resulting in the raw bio oil including 40 to 50 percent of the water by volume and 50 to 60 percent liquid phase bio oil by volume. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the condenser is a double wall condenser; and   further including providing a coolant flow between the double walls of the condenser to cool the vapor phase bio oil flowing through the center of the condenser.   
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein providing a coolant flow between the double walls of the condenser comprises providing a flow of cool water between the double walls of the condenser 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein processing the refined bio oil into a useful material comprises mixing the refined bio oil with ethanol to produce a fuel oil. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein mixing the refined bio oil with ethanol to produce a fuel oil comprises mixing one part of the refined bio oil with at least 0.2 parts of the ethanol. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein mixing the refined bio oil with ethanol to produce a fuel oil comprises mixing one part refined bio oil with about 0.2 parts ethanol. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein feeding biomass comprises feeding dry sawdust. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein feeding biomass into a pyrolysis chamber comprises feeding biomass into an oxygen rare pyrolysis chamber. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein;
 the pyrolysis chamber comprises at least three zones:
 a first zone nearest to the entry of the biomass feed material; 
 a second zone in the middle; and 
 a third zone opposite to the first zone; 
   and the method further including:
 collecting vapor phase bio oil in collectors residing in each zone; and 
 carrying the collected vapor phase bio oil independently from each collector to corresponding condensers. 
   
     
     
         14 . A method for producing fuel oil from biomass material, the method comprising:
 feeding biomass material into an oxygen rare pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis chamber comprises at least three zones:
 a first zone nearest to the entry of the biomass feed material; 
 a second zone in the middle; and 
 a third zone opposite to the first zone; 
   heating the biomass material to create vapor phase bio oil;   collecting vapor phase bio oil in collectors residing in each zone; and   carrying the collected vapor phase bio oil independently from each collector to corresponding condensers;   quenching the vapor phase bio oil before releasing the vapor phase bio oil into the condensers;   condensing the vapor phase bio oil into liquid phase raw bio oil in the condensers;   releasing the liquid phase raw bio oil into a separation tank;   removing water from the liquid phase raw bio oil to produce refined bio oil;   carrying the refined bio oil into a mixing tank;   mixing an amount of ethanol of at least 20 percent by volume of the refined bio oil with the refined bio oil to produce fuel oil; and   releasing fuel oil from the mixing tank.   
     
     
         15 . A method for producing fuel oil from biomass material, the method comprising:
 feeding dry sawdust into an oxygen rare pyrolysis chamber;   heating the dry sawdust to create vapor phase bio oil;   carrying the vapor phase bio oil to a condenser;   quenching the vapor phase bio oil with water before releasing the vapor phase bio oil into the condenser;   condensing the bio oil vapor into liquid phase raw bio oil in the condenser;   carrying the liquid phase raw bio oil into a separation tank;   removing water from the liquid phase raw bio oil to produce refined bio oil in the separation tank;   carrying the refined bio oil from the separation tank into a mixing tank;   mixing one part of the refined bio oil with about 0.2 parts ethanol to produce fuel oil; and   releasing fuel oil from the mixing tank.