Magnetoresistive sensor and gradiometer

Abstract

An object of the invention is to reduce 1/f noise and white noise at the same time by integrally reducing noise of an MR sensor and noise of an operation circuit part. A magnetoresistive sensor according to the invention includes a plurality of magnetoresistive sensor parts each having a bridge circuit in which four magnetoresistive elements are connected, and outputs of the respective magnetoresistive sensor parts are connected in parallel to one another to an input of an amplifier circuit (see FIG. 2 ).

1 . A magnetoresistive sensor comprising:
 a plurality of magnetoresistive sensor parts each having a bridge circuit in which four magnetoresistive elements are connected; and   an amplifier circuit that amplifies outputs of the magnetoresistive sensor parts,   wherein the outputs of the respective magnetoresistive sensor parts are connected in parallel to one another to an input of the amplifier circuit.   
     
     
         2 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 1 , wherein each of the magnetoresistive elements includes a second amplifier circuit that amplifies the output of each of the magnetoresistive sensor parts between the outputs of the amplifier circuit and each of the magnetoresistive sensor parts. 
     
     
         3 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a set/reset circuit that generates set pulse and reset pulse for inverting magnetization of the magnetoresistive elements; and   a detection circuit that detects an alternating-current signal output by the magnetoresistive sensor part using the set pulse and reset pulse generated by the set/reset circuit.   
     
     
         4 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 3 , further comprising a step-up transformer that boosts an output voltage of the magnetoresistive sensor part between the output of the magnetoresistive sensor part and the amplifier circuit,
 wherein the outputs of the respective magnetoresistive sensor parts are connected in parallel to one another to the step-up transformer.   
     
     
         5 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 1 , further comprising a feedback circuit that feeds back the output of the amplifier circuit to the magnetoresistive elements as a magnetic field applied to the magnetoresistive elements. 
     
     
         6 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 4 , further comprising a capacitor that forms a resonance circuit with inductance of a secondary-side coil of the step-up transformer. 
     
     
         7 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 3 , further comprising an additional positive feedback circuit that feeds back the output of the magnetoresistive sensor part to the magnetoresistive elements as a magnetic field applied to the magnetoresistive elements. 
     
     
         8 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 7 , wherein the additional positive feedback circuit has a coil that generates the magnetic field, and impedance of the coil is larger than resistance between both ends of the magnetoresistive sensor part. 
     
     
         9 . The magnetoresistive sensor according to  claim 8 , further comprising a feedback circuit that feeds back the output of the amplifier circuit to the magnetoresistive elements as a magnetic field applied to the magnetoresistive elements. 
     
     
         10 . A gradiometer comprising:
 first and second magnetoresistive sensors according to  claim 1 ; and   a third amplifier circuit that amplifies differences between outputs of the respective magnetoresistive sensor parts.   
     
     
         11 . The gradiometer according to  claim 10 , further comprising:
 a first direct-current power source that applies a direct-current voltage to the first magnetoresistive sensor; and   a second direct-current power source that applies a direct-current voltage to the second magnetoresistive sensor,   wherein polarity of the first direct-current power source is set to be opposite to polarity of the second direct-current power source, and   an output of the first magnetoresistive sensor and an output of the second magnetoresistive sensor are respectively input to the third amplifier circuit.