Solventless curable coating systems and uses thereof

Abstract

Disclosed in certain embodiments are solventless curable coating systems and uses thereof. In one embodiment, an ice-phobic coating formulation includes an elastomer, filler particles, and a cryoprotectant.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A solventless curable coating formulation comprising:
 a first component at a first concentration, the first component comprising siloxane;   a second component at a second concentration, the second component comprising silanol or vinyl-siloxane;   a third component at a third concentration, the third component comprising silane or hydride-siloxane; and   a fourth component at a fourth concentration, the fourth component comprising a catalyst, wherein a viscosity of the formulation ranges from 50 cSt to 1,000 cSt.   
     
     
         2 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the formulation was heated within a range of 50° C. to 60° C. for 1 to 2 hours immediately after mixing the fourth component with the first, second, and third components, and wherein, 24 hours after the coating formulation was heated, the viscosity remains stable within 50 cSt. 
     
     
         3 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the first concentration of the first component ranges from 84 wt % to 72 wt %, and wherein the siloxane of the first component comprises polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). 
     
     
         4 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the second concentration of the second component ranges from 15 wt % to 25 wt %, wherein the second component comprises silanol and the third component comprises silane, and wherein the silanol of the second component comprises silanol-terminated PDMS. 
     
     
         5 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the third concentration of the third component ranges from 1 wt % to 3 wt %, and wherein the second component comprises silanol and the third component comprises silane, and wherein the silane of the third component comprises one or more of methoxy-silane, ethoxy-silane, acetoxy-silane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, or tetraethoxysilane. 
     
     
         6 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the fourth concentration of the fourth component ranges from 0.001 wt % to 0.1 wt %, wherein the second component comprises silanol and the third component comprises silane, and wherein the catalyst of the fourth component comprises tin(II) octoate. 
     
     
         7 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the second component comprises silanol and the third component comprises hydride-siloxane, and wherein the fourth component comprises a tin catalyst. 
     
     
         8 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the second component comprises vinyl-siloxane and the third component comprises hydride-siloxane, and wherein the fourth component comprises a platinum catalyst. 
     
     
         9 . The formulation of  claim 1 , wherein the formulation is an ice-phobic coating formulation adapted to form an ice-phobic coating having an ice adhesion failure stress ranging from 1 kPa to 20 kPa. 
     
     
         10 . An ice-phobic coating formulation comprising:
 an elastomer;   filler particles; and   a cryoprotectant.   
     
     
         11 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the formulation is a solventless curable coating formulation. 
     
     
         12 . The formulation of  claim 11 , wherein a viscosity of the solventless curable coating formulation ranges from 750 cSt to 1,500 cSt. 
     
     
         13 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the elastomer comprises one or more of fluoro-elastomer, fluoro-silicone, or silicone. 
     
     
         14 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the filler particles comprise one or more of silica nanoparticles, silica microparticles, silica nanoparticles, fumed silica, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphene, calcium carbonate, or titanium dioxide. 
     
     
         15 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the filler particles comprise silica nanoparticles having an average size ranging from 10 nm to 50 nm, and wherein a weight percent of the silica nanoparticles in the formulation is greater than 0 wt % and less than 5 wt %. 
     
     
         16 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the filler particles comprise polypropylene microparticles, and wherein the polypropylene microparticles have an average size ranging from 3 micrometers to 10 micrometers. 
     
     
         17 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the filler particles comprise PTFE nanoparticles, and wherein the PTFE nanoparticles have an average size ranging from 100 nm to 300 nm. 
     
     
         18 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the filler particles comprise titanium oxide, and wherein a weight percent of the titanium oxide in the formulation is greater than 0 wt % and less than 1 wt %. 
     
     
         19 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the cryoprotectant comprises one or more of glycerol, trehalose, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). 
     
     
         20 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the cryoprotectant comprises glycerol at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 3 wt %. 
     
     
         21 . The formulation of  claim 10 , wherein the formulation is adapted to form an ice-phobic coating having an ice adhesion failure stress ranging from 1 kPa to 20 kPa. 
     
     
         22 . A ice-phobic coating formulation comprising:
 silicone;   glycerol at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 3 wt %; and   silica nanoparticles at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 5 wt %, wherein the ice-phobic coating formulation is adapted to form an ice-phobic coating having an ice adhesion failure stress ranging from 1 kPa to 20 kPa.