Energetic material applications in shaped charges for perforation operations

Abstract

A shaped charge includes a cup-shaped casing defining an interior volume; a liner located within the interior volume; an explosive disposed between the liner and the casing; and a reactive material disposed between the liner and the casing. A method for generating a dynamic overbalance inside a wellbore includes disposing a perforation gun in the wellbore; and detonating a shaped charge in the perforation gun, wherein the shaped charge includes a cup-shaped casing defining an interior volume, a liner located within the interior volume, an explosive disposed between the liner and the casing, and a reactive material disposed between the liner and the casing.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A shaped charge, comprising:
 a cup-shaped casing defining an interior volume;   a liner located within the interior volume;   an explosive disposed between the liner and the casing; and   a reactive material disposed between the liner and the casing.   
     
     
         2 . The shaped charge of  claim 1 , wherein the reactive material is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti, Al, Mg, Zn, Sn, B, and Li. 
     
     
         3 . The shaped charge of  claim 1 , wherein the explosive and the reactive material are mixed. 
     
     
         4 . The shaped charge of  claim 1 , wherein the explosive is RDX, HMX, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The shaped charge of  claim 1 , further comprising an oxidizing agent. 
     
     
         6 . The shaped charge of  claim 5 , wherein the oxidizing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of C, KClO 4 , KClO 3 , and KNO 3 . 
     
     
         7 . The shaped charge of  claim 1 , wherein the reactive material is disposed in a region to form a wave shaper. 
     
     
         8 . The shaped charge of  claim 7 , wherein the wave shaper comprises a mixture of the reactive material and the explosive. 
     
     
         9 . The shaped charge of  claim 8 , further comprising an oxidizing agent. 
     
     
         10 . The shaped charge of  claim 9 , wherein the oxidizing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of C, KClO 4 , KClO 3 , and KNO 3 . 
     
     
         11 . The shaped charge of  claim 1 , wherein the wave shaper is 100% composed of the reactive material. 
     
     
         12 . A shaped charge comprising:
 a main explosive for detonating to form a perforation into a formation from a perforation gun disposed within a wellbore; and   a wave shaper adjacent the main explosive and comprised of a reactive material for a reaction enhancing one of depth and width of the perforation, reactive material comprising one of a metal and a metalloid with an oxidizing agent for a heat generated dynamic overbalance condition from the reaction.   
     
     
         13 . The shaped charge of  claim 12 , wherein the one of the metal and the metalloid of the reactive material is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Al, Mg, Zn, Sn, B, and Li and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The shaped charge of  claim 12 , wherein the oxidizing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of C, KClO4, KClO3, and KNO3. 
     
     
         15 . The shaped charge of  claim 12 , wherein the wave shaper is composed 100% of a mixture of the reactive material. 
     
     
         16 . The shaped charge of  claim 12 , wherein the wave shaper comprises an explosive mixed with the reactive material. 
     
     
         17 . The shaped charge of  claim 16 , wherein the one of the metal and the metalloid of the reactive material is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Al, Mg, Zn, Sn, B, and Li and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The shaped charge of  claim 16 , wherein the oxidizing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of C, KClO4, KClO3, and KNO3.