Aviation fuel with a renewable oxygenate

Abstract

Described are preferred compositions for a motor fuel. Such motor fuels may be particularly well suited for use in the motor of an aircraft. In particular, compositions of the present disclosure may comprise 50-75 wt % isooctane/alkylates, 20-40 wt % ETBE, 0-3 wt % isobutane, and 0-5 wt % aromatics. The present disclosure describes a full spectrum of unleaded fuels with various motor octane (MON) values.

1 . A piston engine fuel formulation comprising:
 about 50 to about 75 wt % C 4 -C 10  aliphatic hydrocarbons;   about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE;   optionally up to about 3 wt % isobutane;   optionally up to about 5 wt % C 6 -C 12  aromatic hydrocarbons; and   optionally up to about 250 ppm ferrocene,   said fuel formulation being free of lead-containing constituents.   
     
     
         2 . The fuel formulation of  claim 1  being substantially free of C 6 -C 12  aromatic hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel formulation of  claim 1  and further comprising cumidine in an amount up to 5 wt %. 
     
     
         4 . The fuel formulation of  claim 3  being substantially free of C 6 -C 12  aromatic hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel formulation of  claim 1  consisting essentially of:
 about 52 to about 80 wt % C 4 -C 10  alkylates; 
 about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 isobutane in an amount up to 3 wt %; 
 optionally up to 5 wt % C 6 -C 12  aromatic hydrocarbons; and 
 ferrocene in an amount up to about 250 ppm. 
 
     
     
         6 . The fuel formulation of  claim 1  consisting essentially of:
 about 57 to about 80 wt % C 4 -C 10  alkylates; 
 about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 isobutane in an amount up to 3 wt %; and 
 ferrocene in an amount up to about 250 ppm. 
 
     
     
         7 . A piston engine fuel formulation comprising:
 about 58 to about 78 wt % isooctane;   about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE;   about 2 wt % isobutane; and   about 250 ppm ferrocene,   
       said fuel formulation being free of lead-containing constituents. 
     
     
         8 . The fuel formulation of  claim 7  consisting essentially of:
 about 58 to about 78 wt % isooctane; 
 about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 about 2 wt % isobutane; and 
 about 250 ppm ferrocene. 
 
     
     
         9 . The fuel formulation of  claim 7  consisting of:
 about 58 to about 78 wt % isooctane; 
 about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 about 2 wt % isobutane; and 
 about 250 ppm ferrocene. 
 
     
     
         10 . The fuel formulation of  claim 7  comprising:
 about 58 wt % isooctane; 
 about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 about 2 wt % isobutane; and 
 about 250 ppm ferrocene, 
 
       said fuel formulation having a MON of about 101.0. 
     
     
         11 . The fuel formulation of  claim 7  consisting essentially of:
 about 58 wt % isooctane; 
 about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 about 2 wt % isobutane; and 
 about 250 ppm ferrocene. 
 
     
     
         12 . The fuel formulation of  claim 7  consisting of:
 about 58 wt % isooctane; 
 about 40 wt % ETBE; 
 about 2 wt % isobutane; and 
 about 250 ppm ferrocene. 
 
     
     
         13 . The fuel formulation of  claim 7  and further comprising up to about 5 wt % C 6 -C 12  aromatic hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         14 . A piston engine fuel formulation comprising:
 about 50 to about 75 wt % C 4 -C 10  alkylates;   about 20 to about 40 wt % ETBE;   optionally up to about 3 wt % isobutane; and   cumidine in an amount up to 5 wt %,   
       said fuel formulation being free of lead-containing constituents. 
     
     
         15 . The piston engine fuel formulation of  claim 14  comprising about 53 wt % isooctane; about 40 wt % ETBE; about 2 wt % isobutane; and about 5 wt % cumidine.