Heat exchanger

Abstract

A plate heat exchanger is provided in the present application, which includes multiple first plates and multiple second plates which are alternately stacked together, first flow passages and second flow passages spaced from each other are formed between the first plates and the second plates, a first passage is formed by first orifices, a second passage is formed by second orifices, and the first passage and the second passage are in communication with each other via the first flow passages or the second flow passages to form a first fluid passage. At least one damping structure is provided in the first fluid passage, and at least a part of the first fluid passage is in communication with a first pipe or a second pipe via the damping structure.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A heat exchanger, comprising a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe and a heat exchanger core, wherein the heat exchanger core comprises a plurality of first plates and a plurality of second plates which are alternately stacked together, the first plates and the second plates cooperate with each other to form a plurality of first flow passages and a plurality of second flow passages, the first flow passages and the second flow passages are spaced from each other, each of the first plates comprises a first orifice and a second orifice, each of the second plates comprises a first orifice and a second orifice, the first orifices of the first plates and the first orifices of the second plates are in communication with each other to form a first passage, the second orifices of the first plates and the second orifices of the second plates are in communication with each other to form a second passage, and the first passage and the second passage are in communication with each other via the first flow passages or the second flow passages to form a first fluid passage;
 the first passage is in communication with the first pipe, and the second passage is in communication with the second pipe; and   at least one damping structure is provided in the first fluid passage, and at least a part of the first fluid passage is in communication with the first pipe or the second pipe via the damping structure, an equivalent inner diameter of the damping structure is smaller than an equivalent inner diameter of each of the first orifices of the first plates and the second plates or an equivalent inner diameter of each of the second orifices of the first plates and the second plates, or, a circulation area of the damping structure is smaller than a circulation area of each of the first orifices of the first plates and the second plates or a circulation area of each of the second orifices of the first plates and the second plates.   
     
     
         2 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger core further comprises at least one third plate, the third plate cooperates with the first plates or the second plates to form a first flow passage and a second flow passage, the third plate comprises a first orifice, the damping structure comprises the first orifice of the third plate, the first orifices of the first plates, the second plates and the third plate are in communication with each other to form the first passage, an area of the first orifice of each of the first plates is S 1 , an area of the first orifice of each of the second plates is S 2 , an area of the first orifice of the third plate is S 3 , the value of S 1  is approximately equal to the value of S 2 , and S 3 <MIN(S 1 , S 2 ). 
     
     
         3 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 2 , wherein an average area of the first orifices of the first plates and the first orifices of the second plates is S, and the area S 3  of the first orifice of the third plate satisfies a relationship of 0.01≦S 3 /S≦0.5. 
     
     
         4 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 3 , wherein the heat exchanger core comprises a first heat exchanging unit and a second heat exchanging unit divided by the third plate, the second heat exchanging unit is away from the first pipe with respect to the first heat exchanging unit; the first heat exchanging unit comprises one or more first flow passages, the second heat exchanging unit comprises one or more first flow passages, the number of the first flow passage of the first heat exchanging unit is n 1 , the number of the first flow passage of the second heat exchanging unit M is n 2 , and n 1  and n 2  satisfy a relationship of 0.2≦n 1 /n 2 ≦5. 
     
     
         5 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 3 , wherein the heat exchanger core further comprises a fourth plate, the fourth plate comprises a first orifice, an area of the first orifice of the fourth plate is S 4 , the damping structure comprises the first orifice of the fourth plate, and the first orifices of the first plates, the second plates, the third plate, and the fourth plate are in communication with each other to form the first passage; and
 the heat exchanger core comprises a first heat exchanging unit, a second heat exchanging unit and a third heat exchanging unit which are divided by the third plate and the fourth plate, the fourth plate is away from the first pipe with respect to the second heat exchanging unit, the first heat exchanging unit comprises one or more first flow passages, the second heat exchanging unit comprises one or more first flow passages, the third heat exchanging unit comprises one or more first flow passages, the fourth plate is located at one side of the third plate away from the first pipe, and S 4 ≦S 3 , the number of the first flow passage of the second heat exchanging unit is n 2 , the number of the first flow passage of the third heat exchanging unit is n 3 , and n 2  and n 3  satisfy a relationship of 0.2≦n 2 /n 3 ≦5.   
     
     
         6 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger core further comprises a first side plate at an outer side of the heat exchanger core, one side of the first side plate is fixed to the first plate or the second plate, another side of the first side plate is fixedly provided with a mounting plate, the first side plate is provided with a first communicating hole in communication with the first passage, the mounting plate is provided with a first connecting hole in communication with the first communicating hole, the damping structure comprises the first communicating hole, and an equivalent inner diameter of the first communicating hole is smaller than an equivalent inner diameter of the first communicating hole and is also smaller than an inner diameter of each of the first orifices of the first plates and the second plates. 
     
     
         7 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 6 , wherein the first pipe is fixed to the mounting plate by welding, one end of the first pipe has at least a part extending into the first connecting hole, and a length of the part extending into the first connecting hole is less than or equal to a length of the first connecting hole, the equivalent inner diameter of the first communicating hole is smaller than an equivalent inner diameter of a main body portion of the first pipe, and the equivalent inner diameter of the first communicating hole ranges from 1.5 mm to 5.5 mm. 
     
     
         8 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 7 , wherein the shape of the first communicating hole is one or a combination of circular shape, oval shape, square shape and triangular shape, or the first communicating hole comprises a plurality of small holes, and a sum of areas of the plurality of small holes is less than an area of the main body portion of the first pipe. 
     
     
         9 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 2 , wherein a distribution pipe is further provided inside the first passage, the damping structure comprises the distribution pipe, the distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of distribution holes, the distribution pipe has one end in communication with the first pipe and another end being sealed, the first pipe is in communication with the first passage via the distribution holes; the distribution pipe cooperates with the first orifice of the third plate and passes through the first orifice of the third plate, and the first orifice is configured to limit the position of the distribution pipe or support the distribution pipe. 
     
     
         10 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 9 , wherein diameters of the distribution holes away from the first pipe are smaller than diameters of the distribution holes close to the first pipe, or a density of the distribution holes of the distribution pipe at a portion close to the first pipe is greater than a density of the distribution holes of the distribution pipe at a portion away from the first pipe. 
     
     
         11 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 10 , wherein the number of the third plate is one or more, a vertical distance between the third plate away from the first pipe and the sealed end of the distribution pipe is H, a length of the first passage is l, and H and l satisfy a relationship of 0.2≦H/l≦0.5. 
     
     
         12 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 11 , wherein the first pipe and the distribution pipe are formed integrally, the first pipe comprises a pipe section, a first position-limiting portion and the distribution pipe, and an end portion of the distribution pipe is further provided with a sealing structure. 
     
     
         13 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 1 , wherein an inward-extending pipe is further provided inside the second passage, the damping structure comprises the inward-extending pipe, the second passage is in communication with the second pipe via the inward-extending pipe, the first passage is in communication with the first flow passage, and the second pipe is in communication with the first pipe via the inward-extending pipe, the second passage, the first flow passage and the first passage. 
     
     
         14 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 13 , wherein an outer diameter of the inward-extending pipe is smaller than an inner diameter of each of the second orifices of the first plates and the second plates, and the inward-extending pipe is not in contact with an inner wall of the second passage; a length h of the inward-extending pipe and a length  1  of the second passage satisfy a relationship of 0.1≦h/l≦0.6. 
     
     
         15 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 14 , wherein the inward-extending pipe and the second pipe are formed integrally, the second pipe comprises a pipe section, an assembling structure and the inward-extending pipe, and an outer diameter of the assembling structure is greater than an outer diameter of each of the pipe section and the inward-extending pipe. 
     
     
         16 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 1 , wherein in a stacking direction of the first plates and the second plates, the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the heat exchanger, and a length L of a heat exchanging area of the heat exchanger and a thickness D of the heat exchanger satisfy a relationship of 1≦L/D≦5. 
     
     
         17 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 2 , wherein each of the first plates is provided with a first notch, each of the second plates is provided with a second notch, and the third plate is provided with a third notch, the first notches are approximately located in one straight line, the second notches are approximately located in one straight line, the straight line where the first notches are located is at a left side or a right side of the straight line where the second notches are located, and the third notch is not located in the straight line where the first notches are located and is also not located in the straight line where the second notches are located. 
     
     
         18 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 5 , wherein each of the first plates is provided with a first notch, each of the second plates is provided with a second notch, the third plate is provided with a third notch, and the fourth plate is provided with a fourth notch, the first notches of the first plates are approximately located in one straight line, the second notches of the second plates are approximately located in one straight line, the straight line where the first notches of the first plates are located is at a left side or a right side of the straight line where the second notches of the second plates are located, the third notch of the third plate and the fourth notch of the fourth plate are staggered and are both not located in the straight line where the first notches of the first plates are located and not located in the straight line where the second notches of the second plates are located. 
     
     
         19 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 2 , wherein the heat exchanger is an evaporator, the first flow passage is configured to allow refrigerant to flow, the first pipe is an inlet, and the second pipe is an outlet. 
     
     
         20 . The heat exchanger according to  claim 19 , wherein the first plates and the second plates are plates of the same shape and structure, and in the heat exchanger, the first plates are rotated by 180 degrees with respect to the second plates, and an inner diameter of a main body portion of the first pipe is smaller than or equal to an inner diameter of a main body portion of the second pipe.