Implantable prostheses

Abstract

Prosthesis, tools and surgical methods treat joint instability by avoiding loosening over time. A shoulder prosthesis includes a humeral member with a humeral joint surface and a humeral fixation member and a glenoid member comprising a glenoid body with a glenoid joint surface, and a glenoid fixation member attaching the glenoid body to a scapula. The glenoid fixation member may be attached orthogonally to the scapula. A dampener may be included to absorb loads that may loosen one or more components of the prosthesis.

1 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . An implantable shoulder prosthesis, comprising:
 a glenoid member comprising:
 a glenoid joint surface; and 
 at least one glenoid fixation member attached to the glenoid member, the at least one glenoid fixation member comprising an elongated arm extending from the glenoid member to a location on a scapular surface, said scapular surface comprising an anterior, posterior or both anterior and posterior surface of the scapula. 
   
     
     
         22 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the glenoid member further comprises a medial surface opposite the glenoid joint surface, the medial surface constructed and arranged to contact a glenoid cavity of a mammalian scapula. 
     
     
         23 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 22 , wherein the glenoid member comprises at least one projection from the medial surface, the at least one projection comprising one or more projections selected from the group consisting of: a fin; a pin; a peg; and
 combinations thereof.   
     
     
         24 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the glenoid member comprises a material selected from the group of materials consisting of: cobalt-chrome; titanium; stainless steel; tantalum; polyethylene; silicon; nylon; and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         25 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the glenoid member comprises a first portion and a second portion connected together via a hinge. 
     
     
         26 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 25 , wherein the hinge is constructed and arranged to prevent fracture of the scapula. 
     
     
         27 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the glenoid joint surface of the glenoid member is constructed and arranged to provide a bearing surface for a head portion of a humerus. 
     
     
         28 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 27 , wherein the head portion of the humerus is an artificial implant. 
     
     
         29 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the glenoid joint surface of the glenoid member is concave. 
     
     
         30 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the glenoid joint surface of the glenoid member is convex. 
     
     
         31 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , further comprising at least one attachment mechanism, the at least one attachment mechanism constructed and arranged to secure the at least one glenoid fixation member to the scapular surface. 
     
     
         32 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 31 , wherein the at least one attachment mechanism comprises one or more attachment mechanisms selected from the group consisting of: bone screw; molly bolt; a screw; a machine screw; a nut; a lock nut; a rivet; a bolt; a washer; and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         33 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the at least one glenoid fixation member is removably attached to the glenoid member. 
     
     
         34 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the at least one glenoid fixation member comprises a first fixation member and a second fixation member. 
     
     
         35 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 34 , wherein the first fixation member is secured to the anterior surface of the scapula and the second fixation member is secured to the posterior surface of the scapula. 
     
     
         36 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 35 , wherein the first and second fixation members each comprise at least one attachment orifice constructed and arranged to receive an attachment mechanism. 
     
     
         37 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 36 , wherein the at least one attachment orifice of each of the first and second fixation members is aligned with each other. 
     
     
         38 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 37 , further comprising an attachment mechanism, wherein the attachment mechanism is constructed and arranged to engage the at least one attachment orifice of each of the first and second stabilizing members to secure the first and second stabilizing members to the opposing anterior and posterior surfaces of the scapula. 
     
     
         39 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the at least one glenoid fixation member comprises at least a rigid portion and a non-rigid portion. 
     
     
         40 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the elongated arm of the at least one glenoid fixation member is constructed and arranged to conform to the scapular surface. 
     
     
         41 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 40 , wherein the at least one glenoid fixation member comprises a surface that approximates the contour of the scapula. 
     
     
         42 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 41 , wherein glenoid fixation surface is produced based on a patient image produced by an imaging device selected from the group consisting of: X-Ray; CT Scan; MRI, Nuclear Image; Ultrasound Image; Electromagnetic Image; and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         43 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , further comprising at least one attachment element protruding from the at least one glenoid fixation member. 
     
     
         44 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , wherein the at least one glenoid fixation member comprises at least one attachment orifice constructed and arranged to receive an attachment mechanism. 
     
     
         45 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 44 , further comprising at least one attachment mechanism, wherein the at least one attachment mechanism is constructed and arranged to engage the at least one attachment orifice to secure the at least one glenoid fixation member to the scapular surface. 
     
     
         46 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 44 , wherein the at least one attachment orifice comprises a first attachment orifice and a second attachment orifice. 
     
     
         47 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , further comprising glenoid bulking material for positioning between the glenoid joint surface of the glenoid member and a mammalian glenoid joint surface. 
     
     
         48 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , further comprising an attachment tool. 
     
     
         49 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 48 , wherein the attachment tool comprises a tool selected from the group consisting of: right angle screwdriver; powered tool; wrench; a tool with a curvilinear handle; a tool with a malleable handle; and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         50 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , further comprising a humeral implant. 
     
     
         51 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 50 , wherein the humeral implant comprises a convex mating surface. 
     
     
         52 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 50 , wherein the humeral implant comprises a concave surface. 
     
     
         53 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 21 , further comprising a securing assembly constructed and arranged to attach tissue to at least one glenoid fixation member. 
     
     
         54 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 53 , wherein the tissue comprises rotator cuff tissue. 
     
     
         55 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 53 , wherein the securing assembly is constructed and arranged to allow suture to pass therethrough. 
     
     
         56 . The implantable shoulder prosthesis of  claim 53 , wherein the securing assembly comprises an element selected from the group consisting of: a loop; a mesh; a Dacron mesh; and combinations thereof.