Treatment of pain using placental stem cells

Abstract

Provided herein are methods of treatment of an individual having pain, e.g., neuropathic pain, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of tissue culture plastic adherent placental stem cells (PDAC™).

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of treating pain in an individual, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of placental stem cells, wherein the therapeutically effective amount is an amount sufficient to cause a detectable improvement in said pain. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said method additionally comprises determining one or more first levels of pain in said individual prior to administration of said placental stem cells, and determining one or more second levels of pain in said individual after administration of said placental stem cells, wherein said therapeutically effective amount of placental stem cells reduces said one or more second levels of said pain as compared to said one or more first level of pain. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein said one or more first levels of pain and said one or more second levels of pain are determined by a pain assessment scale. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein said pain assessment scale is the Numeric Pain Intensity Scale; the Pain Quality Assessment Scale; the Simple Descriptive Pain Intensity Scale; the Visual Analog Scale; the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale; the FLACC scale; the CRIES scale; the COMFORT scale; or evoked pain measure induced by subjecting the patient to cold, heat or mechanical stimuli. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said method additionally comprises determining a first level of one or more physiological indicia of pain in said individual prior to administration of said placental stem cells, and determining a second level of one or more physiological indicia of pain in said individual after administration of said placental stem cells, wherein said therapeutically effective amount of placental stem cells reduces said second level as compared to said first level. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein said physiological indicium of pain is heart rate in the individual. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein said heart rate in said individual is lower after said administration compared to said heart rate in said individual before said administration. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein said physiological indicium of pain is the systolic of said individual. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said systolic of said individual is lower after said administration compared to said systolic in said individual before said administration. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein said physiological indicium of pain is the diastolic of said individual. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein said diastolic of said individual is lower after said administration compared to said diastolic in said individual before said administration. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said placental stem cells are CD10 + , CD34 − , CD105 +  placental stem cells. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein said placental stem cells are additionally CD200 + . 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 12  or  claim 13 , wherein said placental stem cells are additionally CD45 −  and CD90 + . 
     
     
         15 . The method of any of  claims 12 - 14 , wherein said placental stem cells are additionally CD80 −  and CD86 − . 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said placental stem cells express CD200 and do not express HLA-G; or express CD73, CD105, and CD200; or express CD200 and OCT-4; or express CD73 and CD105 and do not express HLA-G. 
     
     
         17 . The method of any of  claim 1  or  12 - 14 , wherein said placental stem cells are HLA-A,B,C + . 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1  or  12 , wherein said placental stem cells express the ELOVL2, ST3GAL6, ST6GALNAC5, or SLC12A8 gene at a detectably higher level than an equivalent number of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein said placental stem cells express the ARTS-1, IER3, IL6, KRT18, LRAP, MEST, NFE2L3, or TGFB2 gene at a detectably higher level than an equivalent number of BM-MSCs. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said pain is neuropathic pain. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by diabetic neuropathy. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by injury to a nerve in said individual. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by a drug. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein said drug is or comprises a platinum-containing anticancer drug. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein said platinum-containing anticancer drug is or comprises oxaliplatin, carboplatin or cisplatin. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein said drug is or comprises paclitaxel. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by inflammation. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 27 , wherein said inflammation is neuritis. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said pain is inflammatory pain. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said pain is bone pain. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein said bone pain is associated with or caused by cancer. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said pain is caused by cancer. 
     
     
         33 . The method of any one of  claims 1 - 32 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to steroid therapy. 
     
     
         34 . The method of any one of  claims 1 - 32 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy. 
     
     
         35 . The method of any one of  claims 1 - 32 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to opioid therapy. 
     
     
         36 . The method of any one of  claims 1 - 32 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to opiate therapy. 
     
     
         37 . The method of any one of  claims 1 - 36 , wherein said placental stem cells are formulated to be administered locally. 
     
     
         38 . The method of any one of  claims 1 - 36 , wherein said placental stem cells are formulated to be administered systemically, intravenously or intraarterially. 
     
     
         39 . A therapeutically effective amount of placental stem cells for use in treating pain in an individual, wherein the therapeutically effective amount is an amount sufficient to cause a detectable improvement in said pain. 
     
     
         40 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said level of pain in said individual before said use and said level of pain in the individual after said use are determined by a pain assessment scale. 
     
     
         41 . The placental stem cells of  claim 40 , wherein said pain assessment scale is the Numeric Pain Intensity Scale; the Pain Quality Assessment Scale; the Simple Descriptive Pain Intensity Scale; the Visual Analog Scale; the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale; the FLACC scale; the CRIES scale; or the COMFORT scale. 
     
     
         42 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said level of pain in said individual before said use and said level of pain in the individual after said use are determined by one or more physical indicia of pain. 
     
     
         43 . The placental stem cells of  claim 42 , wherein said physiological indicium of pain is heart rate in the individual. 
     
     
         44 . The placental stem cells of  claim 43 , wherein said heart rate in said individual is lower after said use than before said use. 
     
     
         45 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said physiological indicium of pain is systolic of said individual. 
     
     
         46 . The placental stem cells of  claim 45 , wherein said systolic in said individual is lower after said use than before said use. 
     
     
         47 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said physiological indicium of pain is diastolic of said individual. 
     
     
         48 . The placental stem cells of  claim 47 , wherein said diastolic in said individual is lower after said use than before said use. 
     
     
         49 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 48 , wherein said placental stem cells are CD10 + , CD34 − , CD105 +  placental stem cells. 
     
     
         50 . The placental stem cells of  claim 49 , wherein said placental stem cells are additionally CD200 + . 
     
     
         51 . The placental stem cells of  claim 49  or  claim 50 , wherein said placental stem cells are additionally CD45 −  and CD90 + . 
     
     
         52 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 49 - 51 , wherein said placental stem cells are additionally CD80 −  and CD86 − . 
     
     
         53 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 52 , wherein said placental stem cells express CD200 and do not express HLA-G; or express CD73, CD105, and CD200; or express CD200 and OCT-4; or express CD73 and CD105 and do not express HLA-G. 
     
     
         54 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 53 , wherein said placental stem cells are HLA-A,B,C + . 
     
     
         55 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 55 , wherein said placental stem cells express the ELOVL2, ST3GAL6, ST6GALNAC5, or SLC12A8 gene at a detectably higher level than an equivalent number of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). 
     
     
         56 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 56 , wherein said placental stem cells express the ARTS-1, IER3, IL6, KRT18, LRAP, MEST, NFE2L3, or TGFB2 gene at a detectably higher level than an equivalent number of BM-MSCs. 
     
     
         57 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said pain is neuropathic pain. 
     
     
         58 . The placental stem cells of  claim 57 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by diabetic neuropathy. 
     
     
         59 . The placental stem cells of  claim 57 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by injury to a nerve in said individual. 
     
     
         60 . The placental stem cells of  claim 57 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by a drug. 
     
     
         61 . The placental stem cells of  claim 60 , wherein said drug is or comprises a platinum-containing anticancer drug. 
     
     
         62 . The placental stem cells of  claim 61 , wherein said platinum-containing anticancer drug is or comprises oxaliplatin, carboplatin or cisplatin. 
     
     
         63 . The placental stem cells of  claim 61 , wherein said drug is or comprises paclitaxel. 
     
     
         64 . The placental stem cells of  claim 57 , wherein said neuropathic pain is caused by inflammation. 
     
     
         65 . The placental stem cells of  claim 64 , wherein said inflammation is neuritis. 
     
     
         66 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said pain is inflammatory pain. 
     
     
         67 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said pain is bone pain. 
     
     
         68 . The placental stem cells of  claim 67 , wherein said bone pain is associated with or caused by cancer. 
     
     
         69 . The placental stem cells of  claim 39 , wherein said pain is caused by cancer. 
     
     
         70 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 69 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to steroid therapy. 
     
     
         71 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 69 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy. 
     
     
         72 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 69 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to opioid therapy. 
     
     
         73 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 69 , wherein said pain is unresponsive to opiate therapy. 
     
     
         74 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 73 , wherein said placental stem cells are formulated to be administered locally. 
     
     
         75 . The placental stem cells of any one of  claims 39 - 73 , wherein said placental stem cells are formulated to be administered systemically, intravenously or intraarterially.