Spot-welded joint and spot welding method

Abstract

By obtaining a spot-welded joint being a spot-welded joint formed by overlapping a plurality of pieces of steel plates ( 1 A, 1 B) and performing spot welding on the steel plates, including a high-strength steel plate whose tensile strength is 750 (MPa) to 2500 (MPa), being at least one piece of steel plate out of the plurality of pieces of steel plates, in which a carbon equivalent Ceq of the high-strength steel plate is 0.20 mass % to 0.55 mass %, and ten or more of iron-based carbides in each of which a length of a longest portion is 0.1 (μm) or more exist in a square region 103 within a heat-affected zone 4 of a cross section that passes through a center of a welding mark, and is cut along a plate thickness direction of the steel plates ( 1 A, 1 B), a cross tensile strength of the spot-welded joint to be formed is improved.

1 . A spot-welded joint formed by overlapping a plurality of pieces of steel plates and performing spot welding on the steel plates,
 the spot-welded joint, comprising;
 the plurality of pieces of steel plates, 
 a heat-affected zone, and 
 a nugget, 
   wherein;
 in the plurality of pieces of steel plates, at least one piece of steel plate is a high-strength steel plate whose tensile strength is 750 MPa to 2500 MPa, 
   wherein;
 a carbon equivalent Ceq of the high-strength steel plate represented by the following expression (A) is 0.20 mass % to 0.55 mass %, 
   wherein;
 in the heat-affected zone, ten or more of iron-based carbides in each of which a length of a longest portion is 0.1 (μm) or more exist in a square region whose length of one side is 10 (μm) in which a plate thickness direction and a plate surface direction of the steel plates are set to a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, respectively, 
   wherein;
 the square region is in a cross section that passes through a center of a welding mark formed on surfaces of the steel plates by the spot welding, and is cut along the plate thickness direction of the steel plates, 
   wherein;
 a position of a center of the square region is a position, at the cross section, separated by 100 (μm) from a position of an end portion of the nugget in a direction perpendicular to a tangent to a line indicating the end portion of the nugget, 
   wherein;
 the tangent is a tangent at the position of the end portion of the nugget for determining the square region, and 
   wherein;
 the position of the end portion of the nugget for determining the square region is a position within a range whose center is set to a center in the plate thickness direction of the spot-welded joint and having a length of ¼ times a total plate thickness being a total value of plate thicknesses of the plurality of pieces of steel plates along the plate thickness direction,
   Ceq=[C]+[Si]/30+[Mn]/20+2[P]+4[S]  (A)
 
 
   [C], [Si], [Mn], [P], and [S] in the above expression (A) indicate respective contents (mass %) of C, Si, Mn, P, and S.   
     
     
         2 . A spot welding method of overlapping a plurality of pieces of steel plates and performing spot welding on the steel plates, wherein
 at least one piece of steel plate out of the plurality of pieces of steel plates is a high-strength steel plate whose tensile strength is 750 MPa to 2500 MPa, wherein   a carbon equivalent Ceq of the high-strength steel plate represented by the following expression (A) is 0.20 mass % to 0.55 mass %,   the spot welding method comprising:   performing main welding of energizing welding electrodes with a main welding current I W  (kA) in a state where the overlapped plurality of pieces of steel plates are pressurized by the welding electrodes at a pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B);   performing, after the main welding is finished, cooling after main welding of cooling the plurality of pieces of steel plates for a cooling time after main welding t S  (msec) satisfying the following expression (C) while retaining the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B);   performing, after the cooling after main welding is finished, post-energization of energizing the welding electrodes with a post-energization current I P  (kA) satisfying the following expression (D) for a post-energization time t P  (msec) satisfying the following expression (E) while retaining the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B); and   retaining, after the post-energization is finished, the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the above expression (B) for a retention time t H  (msec) satisfying the following expression (F), and then releasing the pressurizing at the pressurizing force F E  (N),
   Ceq=[C]+[Si]/30+[Mn]/20+2[P]+4[S]  (A)
 
   1960× h≦F   E ≦3920× h    (B)
 
   7× h+ 5≦ t   S ≦300   (C)
 
   0.66× I   W   ≦I   P   <I   W    (D)
 
   48/{( I   P   /I   W ) 2 −0.44}≦ t   P    (E)
 
   0≦t H ≦300   (F)
 
   [C], [Si], [Mn], [P], and [S] in the above expression (A) indicate respective contents (mass %) of C, Si, Mn, P, and S, and h in the above expression (B), and the above expression (C) indicates a plate thickness of the steel plate (mm).   
     
     
         3 . A spot welding method of overlapping a plurality of pieces of steel plates and performing spot welding on the steel plates, wherein
 at least one piece of steel plate out of the plurality of pieces of steel plates is a high-strength steel plate whose tensile strength is 750 MPa to 2500 MPa, wherein   a carbon equivalent Ceq of the high-strength steel plate represented by the following expression (A) is 0.20 mass % to 0.55 mass %,   the spot welding method comprising:   performing pre-energization of energizing welding electrodes with a pre-energization current I f  (kA) satisfying the following expression (C) for a pre-energization time t f  (msec) satisfying the following expression (D), in a state where the overlapped plurality of pieces of steel plates are pressurized by the welding electrodes at a pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B);   performing, after the pre-energization is finished, cooling after pre-energization of cooling the plurality of pieces of steel plates for a cooling time after pre-energization t C  (msec) satisfying the following expression (E) while retaining the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B);   performing, after the cooling after pre-energization is finished, main welding of energizing the welding electrodes with a main welding current I W  (kA) while retaining the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B);   performing, after the main welding is finished, cooling after main welding of cooling the plurality of pieces of steel plates for a cooling time after main welding t S  (msec) satisfying the following expression (F) while retaining the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B);   performing, after the cooling after main welding is finished, post-energization of energizing the welding electrodes with a post-energization current I P  (kA) satisfying the following expression (G) for a post-energization time t P  (msec) satisfying the following expression (H) while retaining the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the following expression (B); and   retaining, after the post-energization is finished, the pressurizing force F E  (N) satisfying the above expression (B) for a retention time t H  (msec) satisfying the following expression (I), and then releasing the pressurizing at the pressurizing force F E  (N),
   Ceq=[C]+[Si]/30+[Mn]/20+2[P]+4[S]  (A)
 
   1960× h≦F   E ≦3920× h    (B)
 
   0.40× I   W   ≦I   f   <I   W    (C)
 
   20≦t f    (D)
 
   0≦ t   C <200+7× h    (E)
 
   7× h+ 5≦ t   S ≦300   (F)
 
   0.66× I   W   ≦I   P   <I   W    (G)
 
   48/{( I   P   /I   W ) 2 −0.4}≦ t   P    (H)
 
   0≦t H ≦300   (I)
 
   [C], [Si], [Mn], [P], and [S] in the above expression (A) indicate respective contents (mass %) of C, Si, Mn, P, and S, and h in the above expression (B), the above expression (E), and the above expression (F) indicates a plate thickness of the steel plate (mm).