Systems and methods for facilitating the generation of core-sheath taylor cones in electrospinning

Abstract

Systems and methods for electrospinning of core-sheath fibers are provided. The systems and methods achieve optimization of a shear stress that exists at a fluid boundary between core and sheath polymer solutions, by varying certain parameters of an electrospinning apparatus and/or the solutions used therewith.

1 . A method for electrospinning a core-sheath fiber, comprising the steps of:
 providing an electrospinning apparatus comprising a first vessel having a first elongate aperture, a second vessel having a second elongate aperture, wherein the first and second elongate apertures are aligned along a single central axis, and a collector positioned at a distance from the first and second elongate apertures;   flowing a first flowable material comprising a core polymer into the first vessel;   flowing a second flowable material comprising a sheath polymer into the second vessel;   adjusting a height of the first vessel and first elongate aperture relative to the height of the second elongate aperture; and   applying an electric potential between the collector and the first and second apertures, the electric potential having a magnitude and an orientation effective to form at least one electrospinning jet, wherein at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a width of the first or second aperture, a length of the first or second aperture, and a flow rate of the first or second flowable material is chosen to optimize a shear stress generated at a fluid interface between the first and second flowable materials during the application of the potential, such that a desired ratio of core and sheath polymers is incorporated into the at least one electrospinning jet.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first flowable material exits the first aperture at a first velocity and the second flowable material exits the second aperture at a second velocity. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the second velocity is about 1.3 times greater than the first velocity. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein a ratio of the first velocity to the second velocity varies during the application of the electric potential. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first aperture has a first width and the second aperture has a second width. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the first width is about half of the second width. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein a length of the first elongate aperture is equal to a length of the second elongate aperture. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein a length of the first elongate aperture is less than a length of the second elongate aperture. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the material ejected from the first elongate aperture in the at least one electrospinning jet passes through the second elongate aperture as well. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the first vessel and the first elongate aperture are submerged in the second flowable material and wherein adjusting the height of the first vessel and first elongate aperture relative to the height of the second elongate aperture controls the depth at which the first vessel and first elongate aperture are submerged within the second flowable material in the second vessel.