Human Performance Enhancement Method And Apparatus

Abstract

A human body support, such as a chair, has a plurality of electrodes arranged in an array and spaced longitudinally with respect to the human body. The array extends from an inferior position to a more superior position along the body. A sensor measures a parameter of the human body that is capable of indicating the presence of drowsiness. A controller has an input connected to the sensor for receiving a signal representing the sensed parameter and has outputs connected to each of the electrodes. The controller detects whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness and applies a wave of electrical stimuli against the human body in response to detection of a sensed parameter within the range. The electrical stimuli cause periodic tightening and relaxing of proximate muscles as the wave progresses in a direction from an inferior location on the human body toward a more superior location.

1 . A method for improving and protecting the cardiovascular and mental functions of a human who is seated and engaged in reduced physical activity, the method comprising:
 (a) supporting a human body on a support having a plurality of electrodes that are arranged in an array, the array of electrodes spaced laterally and longitudinally with respect to the human body, the array extending from an inferior position to a more superior position along the supported human body;   (b) sensing a measurable parameter of the human body, the parameter being capable of indicating the presence of drowsiness in the human body;   (c) detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness; and   (d) applying a wave of electrical stimuli against the human body in response to detection of a sensed parameter within said range, the electrical stimuli causing periodic tightening and relaxing of proximate muscles, the wave progressing in a direction from an inferior location on the human body toward a more superior location.   
     
     
         2 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises detecting electrical impulses in the human body's brain to obtain a signal representing an electroencephalogram and detecting the fundamental frequency of the electroencephalogram, and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether the fundamental frequency is less than 20 Hertz and the step of applying the wave is performed if the detected fundamental frequency is less than 20 Hertz. 
     
     
         3 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises detecting tidal volume of airflow and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether there has been a decrease of tidal volume of airflow below 85% of an initially sensed value of tidal volume of airflow and the step of applying the wave is performed if the detected tidal volume of airflow is below 85% of the initially sensed value. 
     
     
         4 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises detecting oxyhemoglobin and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether there has been a reduction or desaturation of oxyhemoglobin of 3% or more below an initially sensed value of oxyhemoglobin and the step of applying the wave is performed if there has been a reduction or desaturation of oxyhemoglobin of 3% or more below the initially sensed value. 
     
     
         5 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises detecting blood pressure and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether there has been a reduction of blood pressure of 10% or more below an initially sensed value of blood pressure and the step of applying the wave is performed if there has been a reduction of blood pressure of 10% or more below the initially sensed value. 
     
     
         6 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises detecting fluid retention in the legs by bioelectric impedance analysis and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether there has been an increase of fluid volume of 100 mL per leg or more above an initially sensed value of fluid volume per leg and the step of applying the wave is performed if there has been an increase of fluid volume of 100 mL per leg or more above the initially sensed value. 
     
     
         7 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises detecting the percentage of time that the person's eyelids are 80% or more closed and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether the percentage of time that the person's eyelids are 80% or more closed exceeds 0.5% and the step of applying the wave is performed if the percentage of time that the person's eyelids are 80% or more closed exceeds 0.5%. 
     
     
         8 . A method in accordance with  claim 1  wherein the sensing step comprises testing the reaction time of the human body to a light stimulus and wherein the step of detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness comprises detecting whether the reaction time exceeds an average of 250 milliseconds and the step of applying the wave is performed if the reaction time exceeds an average of 250 milliseconds. 
     
     
         9 . An apparatus for improving and protecting the cardiovascular and mental functions of a human who is seated and engaged in reduced physical activity, the apparatus comprising:
 (a) a human body support having a plurality of electrodes that are arranged in an array, the array of electrodes spaced laterally and longitudinally with respect to the human body, the array extending from an inferior position to a more superior position along the supported human body;   (b) a sensor measuring a parameter of the human body that is capable of indicating the presence of drowsiness in the human body;   (c) a controller having an input connected to the sensor for receiving a signal representing the sensed parameter and having outputs connected to each of the electrodes, the controller detecting whether the sensed parameter is within a range indicating the presence of drowsiness and applying a wave of electrical stimuli against the human body in response to detection of a sensed parameter within said range, the electrical stimuli causing periodic tightening and relaxing of proximate muscles, the wave progressing in a direction from an inferior location on the human body toward a more superior location.   
     
     
         10 . An apparatus in accordance with  claim 9  wherein the sensor comprises an electroencephalograph. 
     
     
         11 . An apparatus in accordance with  claim 9  wherein the sensor comprises tidal volume of airflow detector. 
     
     
         12 . An apparatus in accordance with  claim 9  wherein the sensor comprises an oximeter. 
     
     
         13 . An apparatus in accordance with  claim 9  wherein the sensor comprises a blood pressure detector. 
     
     
         14 . An apparatus in accordance with  claim 9  wherein the sensor comprises a bioelectric impedance analyzer that detects fluid retention in legs by bioelectric impedance analysis. 
     
     
         15 . An apparatus in accordance with  claim 9  wherein the sensor comprises an electrooculograph.