Toxoid preparation and uses thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to toxoid preparations comprising a non-disrupted and/or a non-denatured toxin associated with a particulate vector that minimizes or precludes said toxin from inflicting damage at an action site of said toxin. The present invention also relates to immunogenic compositions or vaccines comprising the toxoid preparations, and the methods of using the toxoid preparations, immunogenic compositions or vaccines.

1 . A toxoid preparation, comprising a non-disrupted and/or a non-denatured toxin associated with a particulate vector that minimizes or precludes said toxin from inflicting damage at an action site of said toxin, provided that said toxoid preparation does not comprise a nanoparticle comprising an inner core comprising a non-cellular material, and an outer surface comprising a cellular membrane derived from a cell and a cell membrane inserting toxin, wherein said cell membrane inserting toxin is associated with said cellular membrane without a linker. 
     
     
         2 . The toxoid preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the toxin is selected from the group consisting of a pore-forming toxin, an inhibitory toxin, a toxin interacts with a cellular receptor or secondary messenger to disrupt normal cellular metabolism, a neurotoxin, and an enterotoxin. 
     
     
         3 - 5 . (canceled) 
     
     
         6 . The toxoid preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the toxin is associated with the particulate vector via encapsulation, electrostatic absorption, non-specific interaction, and/or structure-specific association. 
     
     
         7 . The toxoid preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the particulate vector is configured to facilitate endocytic uptake of the toxoid preparation and/or minimizes premature toxin release from the toxoid preparation. 
     
     
         8 . (canceled) 
     
     
         9 . The toxoid preparation of  claim 1 , which comprises a lipoplex comprising synthetic lipid bilayers and an absorbed membrane-affinity toxin. 
     
     
         10 - 12 . (canceled) 
     
     
         13 . The toxoid preparation of  claim 1 , which comprises a solid nanoparticle that encapsulates a toxin. 
     
     
         14 - 16 . (canceled) 
     
     
         17 . The toxoid preparation of  claim 1 , which comprises a biomembrane-derived particle and a toxin associated with the biomembrane-derived particle via a linker. 
     
     
         18 - 23 . (canceled) 
     
     
         24 . An immunogenic composition comprising an effective amount of a toxoid preparation of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         25 . The immunogenic composition of  claim 24 , wherein the particulate vector substantially retains the toxin. 
     
     
         26 . The immunogenic composition of  claim 24 , wherein the toxin substantially retains its natural structural integrity for eliciting an immune response to a natural toxin. 
     
     
         27 . The immunogenic composition of  claim 24 , wherein the toxin is a bacterial, fungal, or animal toxin. 
     
     
         28 . The immunogenic composition of  claim 24 , further comprising another active ingredient or an immunogenic adjuvant or immunopotentiator. 
     
     
         29 . A vaccine comprising the immunogenic composition of  claim 24 . 
     
     
         30 . A method for eliciting an immune response to a toxin in a subject comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of the immunogenic composition of  claim 24 . 
     
     
         31 . A method for protecting a subject against a toxin comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of the vaccine of  claim 29 . 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the toxin is a bacterial, fungal, or animal toxin. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the subject is a human or a non-human mammal. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein the toxoid preparation comprises a cellular membrane-coated nanoparticle and a toxin associated with the cellular membrane-coated nanoparticle via a linker, and the cellular membrane is derived from a cell of the same species of the subject or a cell of the subject. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the cellular membrane is derived from a red blood cell of the same species of the subject and the red blood cell has the same blood type of the subject. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 30 , further comprising administering another active ingredient or a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient to said subject. 
     
     
         37 - 39 . (canceled)