System and method for monitoring arterial and venous blood oxygen,blood glucose,and blood constituent concentration

Abstract

A system for measuring of arterial and venous blood constituent concentration based first on measuring cardiac blood flow balance parameter between the right chamber of the heart and the left chamber of the heart, which includes a sensor device for measuring one of blood pressure and blood flow rate and blood constituent concentration of a patient so as to generate an arterial pulse signal. A processing unit is responsive to the arterial pulse signal for generating full arterial pulse plethysmography waveforms, arterio-venous pulse plethysmography waveforms, and balance parameters. A computational device that is responsive to plethysmography waveforms generating a plurality of state space linear transfer functions by applying system identification between plethysmography waveforms at various wavelengths representing a plurality of models of the blood constituent concentration, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, hemoglobin, and glucose, and displaying related useful information.

1 - 6 . (canceled) 
     
     
         7 . A method for determining oximetry relationship based upon red-light and infra-red light plethysmography waveforms, which are representative of arterial pulse signals, measured by any of optical absorption or transmission, comprising the steps of:
 utilizing system identification to produce a state-space linear model to define a transfer function relationship between input full arterial pulse plethysmography waveforms, defined as the arterial pulse signal without the effect of atrial diastolic blood flow demand, and an output arterial pulse oxygen saturation for creating a model;   using the arterial pulse oxygen saturation model to determine arterial oxygen saturation as a function of the model's characteristic input parameters or coefficients;   utilizing system identification to produce a state-space linear model to define a transfer function relationship between input arterio-venous pulse plethysmography waveforms, defined by subtraction of the arterial pulse waveform from the full arterial pulse waveform, and an output venous pulse oxygen saturation for creating a model; and   using the venous pulse oxygen saturation model to determine venous oxygen saturation as a function of the model's characteristic input parameters or coefficients.   
     
     
         8 . A method for determining transfer function relationships based upon at least two light plethysmography waveforms, between infrared to ultra-violet light wavelength range, which are representative of arterial pulse signals, measured by any of optical absorption or transmission methods, comprising the steps of:
 utilizing system identification to produce a state-space linear model to define at least one transfer function relationship between input full arterial pulse plethysmography waveforms, defined as the arterial pulse signal without the effect of atrial diastolic blood flow demand, and an output arterial pulse blood constituent concentration for creating a model;   using said arterial pulse blood constituent concentration model to determine arterial blood constituent concentration as a function of model's characteristic input parameters or coefficients;   utilizing system identification to produce a state-space linear model to define a transfer function relationship between input arterio-venous pulse plethysmography waveforms, defined by subtraction of the arterial pulse waveform from the full arterial pulse waveform, and an output venous pulse blood constituent concentration for creating a model; and   using said venous pulse blood constituent concentration model to determine venous blood constituent concentration as a function of model's characteristic input parameters or coefficients.   
     
     
         9 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the blood constituent concentration is one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, and hemoglobin. 
     
     
         10 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the said full arterial pulse at any said wavelength is estimated as an output of a transfer function, defined by system identification, using as input the full arterial pulse of a measured arterial pulse at the same wavelength. 
     
     
         11 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the said arterio-venous pulse at any said wavelength is estimated as an output of a transfer function, defined by system identification, using as input the arterio-venous pulse of a measured arterial pulse at the same wavelength. 
     
     
         12 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 8 , further comprising the steps of providing a processor unit and configuring the processor unit to perform all said processing steps. 
     
     
         13 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein said processor unit is comprised of microprocessor. 
     
     
         14 . A method for determining transfer function relationships based upon at least two light plethysmography waveforms, between infrared to ultra-violet light wavelength range, which are representative of arterial pulse signals, measured by any of optical absorption or transmission methods, comprising the steps of:
 utilizing system identification to define at least one transfer function relationship between input arterial pulse plethysmography waveforms, and an output arterial pulse blood constituent concentration for creating a model; and   using said arterial pulse blood constituent concentration model to determine arterial blood constituent concentration as a function of model's characteristic input parameters or coefficients.   
     
     
         15 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the blood constituent concentration is one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, and hemoglobin. 
     
     
         16 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the system identification is utilized to produce a state-space linear model. 
     
     
         17 . The method for determining transfer function as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein said at least two light plethysmography waveforms are representative of blood optical absorption or transformation signals.