Polyamide compositions for sealants and high solids paints

Abstract

A polyamide composition for use in sealants, adhesives and high solids coatings.

What is claimed: 
     
         1 . A polyamide composition consisting essentially of a polyamide having groups derived from:
 a diamine selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine and hexamethylene diamine;   a straight chain monocarboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; wherein the straight chain monocarboxylic acid is independently selected from the group consisting of: acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, and combinations thereof   a fatty acid independently selected from the group consisting of: 12-hydroxystearic acid, lesquerolic acid and combinations thereof;   wherein the diamine, the straight chain monocarboxylic acid and fatty acid have a molar equivalent ratio ranging from 1:1.75:0.25 to 1:0.75:1.25; or 1:1.5:0.5 to 1:1:1; and a median particle size ranging from 1 μm to 10 μm.   
     
     
         2 . The polyamide composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the straight chain monocarboxylic acid is independently selected from the group consisting of: acetic acid, propionic acid, combinations thereof 
     
     
         3 . The polyamide composition according to  claim 2 , wherein the diamine is ethylene diamine. 
     
     
         4 . The polyamide composition of according to  claim 1 , wherein the diamine is ethylene diamine, the straight chain monocarboxylic acid is acetic acid and the fatty acid is 12-hydroxystearic acid. 
     
     
         5 . The polyamide composition of according to  claim 1 , wherein the diamine is ethylene diamine, the straight chain monocarboxylic acid is propionic acid and the fatty acid is 12-hydroxystearic acid. 
     
     
         6 . The polyamide composition of according to  claim 1 , wherein the diamine is ethylene diamine, the straight chain monocarboxylic acid is butyric acid and the fatty acid is 12-hydroxystearic acid. 
     
     
         7 . A curable sealant or adhesive composition comprising:
 a resin;   a catalyst or curing agent;   optional solvent, pigment, filler, and plasticizer; and   a polyamide composition consisting essentially of a polyamide according to  claim 1 ,   wherein the polyamide composition has an activation temperature ranging between 25° C. and 50° C., when combined with the resin, and optional pigment, filler and plasticizer, and wherein the curable sealant or adhesive composition is a one part system or a two part system.   
     
     
         8 . The curable sealant or adhesive composition according to  claim 7 , wherein the resin is selected from silicone, polyurethane systems, acrylic, butyl rubber solvent based resin, epoxy-penetrating solvent-based resin, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The curable sealant or adhesive composition according to  claim 7 , wherein the resin is selected from a silyl-terminated polymer independently selected from the group consisting of: silylated polyurethane, silylated polyether polyol, silylated polyester and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The curable sealant composition according to  claim 7 , wherein the curable sealant composition is a one part system and is moisture curable. 
     
     
         11 . A method of making a curable sealant or adhesive composition comprising the steps of:
 adding a polyamide composition to a resin and catalyst mixture;   blending the mixture of the polyamide and the resin and catalyst mixture at a temperature ranging between 25° C. and 50° C.;   wherein the polyamide composition consisting essentially of a polyamide according to  claim 1 .   
     
     
         12 . The method of making a curable sealant or adhesive according to  claim 11 , wherein the resin is selected from silicone, polyurethane systems, acrylic, butyl rubber solvent based resin, epoxy-penetrating solvent-based resin, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The method of making a curable sealant or adhesive according to  claim 11 , wherein the resin is a silyl-terminated polymer independently selected from the group consisting of: silylated polyurethane, silylated polyether polyol, silylated polyester and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . A coating composition comprising:
 (a) a resin binder chemistry selected from the group consisting of polyestermelamine, polyester-urea/formaldehyde, alkyd-melamine, alkyd-urea/formaldehyde, acrylic-melamine, acrylic urea/formaldehyde, epoxies, epoxy urea/formaldehyde, epoxy/amines and epoxy/amides, polyurethanes, alkyd and acrylic modified urethane, uralkyds, urethane acrylates and urethane amide acrylates, high solids air-dry paints of alkyd and acrylic resin, vinyl toluated alkyds, chain stopped air-dry alkyds and modified alkyds, oleoresins, polyvinyl acetates and vinyl acrylics;   (b) a polyamide composition consisting essentially of a polyamide according to  claim 1 ; and   (c) an optional diluent.   
     
     
         15 . A high solids coating composition comprising a first pack and a second pack; wherein the first pack comprises:
 (a) a resin;   (b) a polyamide composition consisting essentially of a polyamide according to  claim 1 ;   (c) a diluent;   and the second pack comprises:   at least one cross linking agent or a hardening agent; wherein the high solids composition has a solids content of at least 70 wt. %, and wherein the polyamide is activated upon mixing the ingredients of pack one between 25° C. and 50° C.   
     
     
         16 . The high solids coating composition according to  claim 15 , where in the resin is an epoxy selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A epoxy, bisphenol F epoxy, or phenolic novolac epoxy or combinations there. 
     
     
         17 . The high solids coating composition according to  claim 15 , wherein the hardening agent is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyamines, polyamine adducts, polyamide/amidoamines, aromatic amines, ketimines and cycloaliphatic amines and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The high solids coating composition according to  claim 15 , wherein the resin is a polyol which forms a polyurethane when reacted with a crosslinker in a second pack. 
     
     
         19 . The high solids coating composition according to  claim 15 , wherein the resin is a polyol independently selected from the group consisting of: polyurethane polyol, a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polyacrylate polyol, an epoxy and combinations thereof