Novel Series of Carbon Allotropes: Novamene

Abstract

The present invention provides a series of new and useful synthetic carbon allotropes. The carbon allotropes contain at least two inner hexagonal rings of 6 carbon atoms, which are characterized by hybridized sp 2 bonds, as commonly found in graphene structure. The inner hexagonal rings are located in a central position within the carbon allotropes and bonded to each other in various configurations. Surrounding the hexagonal rings are additional carbon atoms, characterized by sp 3 hybridized bonding, found in diamond, and more specifically in hexagonal diamond, also known as Lonsdaleite. These surrounding Lonsdaleite structures are bonded to and surround the inner hexagonal rings and support them in a central position within the carbon allotropes.

1 . A composition of matter comprising a carbon allotrope, said carbon allotrope having at least two inner hexagonal rings located within a single plane, having six carbon atoms bonded together by sp2 hybridized bonds, wherein said at least two inner hexagonal rings are centrally located within the carbon allotrope, and wherein said at least two inner hexagonal rings are bonded to and supported in said central location through bonding with additional carbon atoms by sp3 hybridized bonds. 
     
     
         2 . A composition of matter as in  claim 1 , wherein said at least two inner hexagonal rings of the carbon allotrope are graphene crystals. 
     
     
         3 . A composition of matter as in  claim 1 , wherein said additional carbon atoms bonded by sp3 hybridized bonds form Lonsdaleite structures supporting said at least two inner hexagonal rings. 
     
     
         4 . A composition of matter as in  claim 1 , wherein said carbon allotrope comprises at least three inner hexagonal rings, centrally located within said carbon allotrope. 
     
     
         5 . A composition of matter as in  claim 1 , wherein said carbon allotrope comprises at least four inner hexagonal rings, centrally located within said carbon allotrope. 
     
     
         6 . A composition of matter as in  claim 1 , wherein said carbon allotrope further comprises a repeating layer containing at least two additional inner hexagonal rings, disposed directly above or below said at least two inner hexagonal rings. 
     
     
         7 . A composition of matter as in  claim 6 , wherein said at least two additional inner hexagonal rings and said two inner hexagonal rings do not contain any interplanar bonding to each other. 
     
     
         8 . A composition of matter according to  claim 1 , wherein the carbon allotrope is doped with a metallic element, selected from a group consisting of silver and gold. 
     
     
         9 . A composition of matter according to  claim 1 , wherein the carbon allotrope is doped with a heteroatom, selected from a group consisting of boron, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphor and silicon. 
     
     
         10 . A composition of matter according to  claim 1 , wherein the carbon allotrope is doped with an n-type or p-type material for the formation of a transistor. 
     
     
         11 . A composition of matter according to  claim 1 , wherein the carbon allotrope in said composition is incorporated in devices or applications selected from a group consisting of integrated circuits, optoelectronic devices, semiconductor devices, Hall effect sensors, quantum dots, optical absorption/modulation device, infrared light detection devices, photovoltaic cells, conductive electrodes, fuel cells, supercapacitors, molecular absorption sensors and piezoelectric devices.