Compressor oil with biobased base oil

Abstract

A biodegradable compressor oil comprising a biobased hydrocarbon base oil.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased hydrocarbon base oil, wherein the biobased hydrocarbon base oil has renewable carbon content greater than 40 wt % as measured by ASTM-D6866-12, and at least one antioxidant wherein the oxidative stability of the compressor oil is at least 1,000 minutes as determined by ASTM-D2272-11. 
     
     
         2 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  wherein the hydrocarbon base oil comprises a biobased terpene selected from the group consisting of myrcene, ocimene, farnesene, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  or  2  wherein the biobased hydrocarbon base oil constitutes about 25 wt % to about 99.999 wt % of the compressor oil. 
     
     
         4 . The compressor oil of  claim 3  wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, corrosion and rust inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, pour point depressants, metal deactivators, anti-foaming agents, friction modifiers, extreme pressure additives, anti-wear agents, additive oils and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The compressor oil of  claim 4  wherein the additive is an additive oil selected from the group consisting of microbial oils, vegetable oils, seed oils, mineral oils, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon fluids, silicone fluids, synthetic esters, poly-alpha-olefins, polysiloxanes, pentaerythritol esters, poly (butane) liquids, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  wherein air release speed of such compressor oil is less than 3 minutes as determined by ASTM-D3427-12. 
     
     
         7 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  wherein air release speed of such compressor oil is less than 2 minutes as determined by ASTM-D3427-12. 
     
     
         8 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim wherein the oxidative stability of the compressor oil is at least 2,000 minutes as determined by ASTM-D2272-11. 
     
     
         9 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim wherein the oxidative stability of the compressor oil is at least 3,000 minutes as determined by ASTM-D2272-11. 
     
     
         10 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim wherein the compressor oil has an oil/water separation time of less than 16 min and it leaves no emulsion layer upon completion of the test, as determined in accordance with ASTM-D1401-12. 
     
     
         11 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  having a hydrolytic stability as measured by ASTM-D2619-09 with acidity of water layer after aging procedure no more than 2.5 mg KOH/g. 
     
     
         12 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  having a hydrolytic stability as measured by ASTM-D2619-09 with acidity of water layer after aging procedure no more than 1.0 mg KOH/g. 
     
     
         13 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  having a hydrolytic stability as measured by ASTM-D2619-09 with acidity of water layer after aging procedure no more than 0.5 mg KOH/g. 
     
     
         14 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  having a hydrolytic stability as measured by ASTM-D2619-09 with copper panel weight loss no more than 0.05 mg/cm 2 . 
     
     
         15 . The compressor oil with biobased base oil of  claim 1  having a improved hydrolytic stability as measured by ASTM-D2619-09 with no more than 0.5% kinematic viscosity increase wherein kinematic viscosity is measured at 40° C. using ASTM-D445-12. 
     
     
         16 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  having a wear scar less than 0.5 mm as determined by ASTM-D4172-94(2010). 
     
     
         17 . The compressor oil of  claim 1  having a compatibility and miscibility with mineral oil or synthetic base fluid, such as poly-alpha-olefin (PAO), such that therefore does not cause gelling, phase separation, low temperature fluidity, negative impact on high temperature thermal stability, and negative impact on long term storage stability when mixed with compressor oil formulated using such base fluid and subjected to temperature between −30° C. and 200° C. 
     
     
         18 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim having a specific heat value of at least 2.3 J/g ° K at 50° C. as determined in accordance with ASTM-E1269-12 (Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Differential Scanning calorimetry) or ASTM-E2716-09 (Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Sinusoidal Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning calorimetry). 
     
     
         19 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim having a thermal conductivity of at least 0.13 W/m ° K at 50° C. as determined by ASTM-E1952-11. 
     
     
         20 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim wherein the compressor oil exhibits more than 60% biodegradation at 28 days using the OECD 301B. 
     
     
         21 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim wherein the compressor oil exhibits at least 70% biodegradation at 28 days using the OECD 301B. 
     
     
         22 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim wherein the compressor oil exhibits at least 80% biodegradation at 40 days using the OECD 301B. 
     
     
         23 . A compressor oil having greater than 25% renewable carbon content measured by ASTM-D6866-12 and having the following properties:
 (a) a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in range of 30cSt to 500cSt as measured by ASTM-D445-12 or equivalent method;   (b) a viscosity index greater than 120;   (c) an oxidative stability greater than 1000 minutes as measured by ASTM-D2272-11;   (d) a flash point greater than 180° C. as measured by ASTM-D92-12b;   (e) a pour point less than and equal to −30° C. as measured by ASTM-D97-12, and   (f) air release speed less than 3 minutes as determined by ASTM-D3427-12   (g) at least one of the following properties:
 (i) a biodegradability of greater than 60% at 28 days as measured by OECD 301B; 
 (ii) a wear scar less than 0.5 mm as measured by ASTM-D4172-94(2010); 
 (iii) an acidity of water layer after aging procedure no more than 0.5 mg KOH/g as measured by ASTM-D2619-09; 
 (iv) a copper panel weight loss during aging procedure no more than 0.05 mg/cm 2  and surface condition better or equal to ‘Shiny 1B’ rating as determined and measured by ASTM-D2619-09; 
 (v) an increase in kinematic viscosity at 40° C. less than 0.5% measured by ASTM-D2619-09; and 
 (vi) an oil/water separation time less than 16 min and leaves no emulsion layer after test is done as measured by ASTM-D1401-12. 
   
     
     
         24 . The compressor oil of  claim 23  further comprising at least one additive in an amount ranging from about 100 ppm to about 50 wt %, the additive(s) being selected from the group consisting of oxidation inhibitors/anti-oxidants, pour point depressants, metal deactivators/passivators, foam inhibitor/anti-foaming agents, friction modifiers/anti-wear agents, viscosity modifiers/viscosity index improvers, non-biobased hydrocarbon base oils, non-hydrocarbon fluids, additive packages, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         25 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 100 ppm to about 5 wt % oxidation inhibitor(s)/anti-oxidant(s). 
     
     
         26 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 100 ppm to about 5 wt % pour point depressant(s). 
     
     
         27 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 50 ppm to about 2 wt % foam inhibitor(s)/anti-foam agent(s). 
     
     
         28 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 10 ppm to about 5 wt % metal deactivator(s). 
     
     
         29 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 10 ppm to about 5 wt % friction modifier(s)/anti-wear agent(s). 
     
     
         30 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 10 ppm to about 30 wt % viscosity modifier(s)/viscosity index improver(s). 
     
     
         31 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 10 ppm to about 50 wt % non-biobased hydrocarbon base oil(s). 
     
     
         32 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 10 ppm to about 50 wt % biobased non-hydrocarbon base oil(s). 
     
     
         33 . The compressor oil of  claim 24  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % additive package(s). 
     
     
         34 . The compressor oil of  claim 23  wherein air release speed of such compressor oil is less than 2 minutes as determined by ASTM-D3427-12. 
     
     
         35 . The compressor oil of  claim 23  wherein oxidative stability of such compressor oil is at least 2,000 minutes as determined by ASTM-D2272-11. 
     
     
         36 . The compressor oil of  claim 23  wherein oxidative stability of such compressor oil is at least 3,000 minutes as determined by ASTM-D2272-11. 
     
     
         37 . The compressor oil having an improved specific heat value of at least 2.3 J/g ° K at 50° C. as determined by using standardized test methods such as, for example, ASTM-E1269-12 (Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Differential Scanning calorimetry), ASTM-E2716-09 (Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Sinusoidal Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning calorimetry). 
     
     
         38 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased hydrocarbon base oil having an average molecular weight (weight average) between 300 g/mol and 1500 g/mol, and an additive package, the additive package comprising an anti-oxidant. 
     
     
         39 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased hydrocarbon base oil, the compressor oil having a biodegradable rate in excess of 60% as determined in accordance with OECD 301B. 
     
     
         40 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil having the molecular structure:
   [B] n —[P] m  
   wherein,
 [B] is biobased hydrocarbon repeating unit; 
 [P] is non-biobased hydrocarbon repeating unit; 
 n is greater than 1, and m is less than 4; 
 the stereoscopic arrangement of [B] and [P] repeating unit can be linear, branched, and cyclic. 
 the sequential arrangement of [B] and [P] can be block, alternating or random; and 
 the molecular weight is in range of 300 g/mol to 900 g/mol; and 
 the biobased content of the compressor oil is greater than 20%, as measured by ASTM D6866-12. 
   
     
     
         41 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil meets DIN 51506-VDL. 
     
     
         42 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil has a TAN <2 at 1000 hours as determined in accordance with ASTM D943-04a (2010)e1. 
     
     
         43 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil has a TAN <2 at 2000 hours as determined in accordance with ASTM D943-04a (2010)e1. 
     
     
         44 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil has a TAN <2 at 4000 hours as determined in accordance with ASTM D943-04a (2010)e1. 
     
     
         45 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil has a TAN <2 at 8000 hours as determined in accordance with ASTM D943-04a (2010)e1. 
     
     
         46 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil has a TAN <2 at 16000 hours as determined in accordance with ASTM D943-04a (2010)e1. 
     
     
         47 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased hydrocarbon base oil, wherein at least about 20% of the carbon atoms in the biobased base oil originate from renewable carbon sources and the compressor oil has a pour point of less than −40° C. 
     
     
         48 . A compressor oil comprising a biobased hydrocarbon base oil, the compressor oil being compatible with and suitable for mixing with a Group I/II/ or III based compressor oil. 
     
     
         49 . A compressor oil having an ISO viscosity grade of 2 to 46,000 and comprising:
 (a) 1 to 95 wt % of a biobased hydrocarbon base oil containing carbon from a renewable source; and   (b)(i) 5 to 50 wt % of at least a first basestock selected from Group I base oils having a viscosity range of from 3 cSt to 500 cSt and combinations thereof, Group II and Group III hydroprocessed base oils and combinations thereof, and Group IV PAOs having a viscosity index of about 130 or less and combinations thereof; or   (b)(ii) 1 to 50 wt % of a second basestock selected from Group V base oils and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         50 . The compressor oil of  claim 49  wherein the compressor oil has an absence of any additional polymeric thickeners and viscosity index improvers. 
     
     
         51 . The compressor oil according to  claim 49  or  50 , wherein the biobased hydrocarbon base oil is characterized by a viscosity index (VI) greater than 120, as measured in accordance with ASTM D2270-10e1, and a branch ratio of less than 0.41. 
     
     
         52 . The compressor oil according to any of  claims 49  to  51 , wherein the compressor oil contains about 2 to 25 wt % of the second basestock. 
     
     
         53 . The compressor oil according to any of  claims 49  to  52 , wherein the second basestock comprises a Group V base-stock selected from alkylated aromatics, polyalkylene glycols, esters, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         54 . The compressor oil according to any of  claims 49  to  53 , wherein the compressor oil comprises 5 to 50 wt % of the first basestock and 1 to 50 wt % of the second basestock. 
     
     
         55 . A compressor oil comprising: (a) a base oil having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 300 to 600 g/mol, a viscosity index greater than 120 and less than 140; and (b) an anti-wear hydraulic oil additive package; wherein the compressor oil has (i) an air release by ASTM D 3427-012 of less than 3 minutes at 50° C., (ii) a Sequence II foam tendency by ASTM D 892-13 of less than 50 ml, and a biodegradability rate of at least 60% as determined by OECD 301B. 
     
     
         56 . The compressor oil of  claim 55 , wherein the base oil comprises carbon from a renewable source. 
     
     
         57 . The compressor oil of  claim 55  or  56 , wherein the base oil additionally has an average degree of branching in the molecules less than about 8 alkyl branches per 100 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         58 . The compressor oil of  claim 55 ,  56  or  57 , wherein the base oil comprises at least 5 weight percent molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality. 
     
     
         59 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the base oil has a T90-T10 boiling range distribution of less than 180° F. 
     
     
         60 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the average molecular weight of the base oil is between about 500 and about 900 g/mol. 
     
     
         61 . The compressor oil of any of any preceding claim, wherein the base oil has a Bromine Index <200. 
     
     
         62 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil has an air release at 50° C. of less than 2 minutes. 
     
     
         63 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil has an air release at 25° C. of less than 10 minutes. 
     
     
         64 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the base oil has an aniline point between 212 and 300° F. 
     
     
         65 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil has a Sequence I foam tendency as determined in accordance with ASTM D892-13 of less than 50 ml. 
     
     
         66 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil has a Sequence II foam tendency as determined in accordance with ASTM D 892-13 of less than 30 ml. 
     
     
         67 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil has a number of minutes to 3 ml emulsion at 54° C. as determined in accordance with ASTM D1401-12 of less than 30. 
     
     
         68 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the base oil has alkyl branches positioned over various branch carbon resonances as determined in accordance by carbon −13 NMR. 
     
     
         69 . The compressor oil of any of  claims 1  to  30  wherein the compressor oil has a biodegradable rate in excess of 60% according to by OECD 301B. 
     
     
         70 . The compressor oil of any of  claims 1  to  69  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 0.2 to about 2 wt % of an additive package. 
     
     
         71 . The compressor oil of any of  claims 1  to  33  wherein the compressor oil comprises about 50 wt % to about 99 wt % biobased hydrocarbon base oil and from about 0.2 to about 2 wt % additive package. 
     
     
         72 . The compressor oil of  claim 70  or  71  wherein the additive package comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidants, anti-wear agents, extreme pressure agents, defoamants, detergent/dispersant, rust and corrosion inhibitors, and demulsifiers. 
     
     
         73 . The compressor oil of  claim 72  wherein the additive package comprises an anti-wear additive selected from the group consisting of ashless, zinc-free, and zinc-containing anti-wear additives, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         74 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the additive package is an ashless additive package. 
     
     
         75 . The compressor oil of any of  claims 1  to  73  wherein the compressor oil comprises less than 0.11 wt. % sulfated ash derived from the additive package. 
     
     
         76 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil contains between about 0.1 wt % and about 1 wt % of a phenolic anti-oxidant. 
     
     
         77 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil contains an anti-wear additive. 
     
     
         78 . The compressor oil of  claim 77  wherein the anti-wear additive contains an amine phosphate anti-wear additive and the compressor oil further comprises up to about 1 wt % of the anti-wear additive(s). 
     
     
         79 . The compressor oil of any preceding claim, wherein the compressor oil contains a viscosity index improver. 
     
     
         80 . The compressor oil of  claim 79  wherein the compressor oil contains at least 1 wt % of the viscosity index improver. 
     
     
         81 . A compressor lubricated by a compressor oil according to any of the preceding claims. 
     
     
         82 . A method of improving efficiency of operation of compressor, compressed gas, and compressed air system using compressor oil according to any of the preceding claims. 
     
     
         83 . A method of recycling used compressor oil, the method comprising recycling a compressor oil according to any of the preceding claims.