X-ray generator and x-ray imaging apparatus

Abstract

Provided is an X-ray generator including an electron passage in an electron-passage forming member; and a target on an insulative substrate. The transmission X-ray generator irradiates the target with electrons that have passed through the electron passage to generate X-rays. The target is provided at a central region of the substrate; the electron passage accommodates a secondary-X-ray generating section that generates X-rays by irradiation with electrons reflected from the target; the secondary-X-ray generating section and the target are disposed so that both of X-rays generated by direct irradiation of the target with the electrons and X-rays generated by irradiation of the secondary-X-ray generating section with the electrons reflected from the target are radiated to the outside; and at least part of the peripheral region of the substrate has higher transmittance for the X-rays generated at the secondary-X-ray generating section than the central region of the substrate.

1 . An X-ray generator comprising:
 an anode including an electron passage formation member having an annular inner wall surface so as to form an electron passage hole;   an integrated target including a target layer and an insulating substrate supporting the target layer; and   an electron source facing the target layer configured to irradiate the target layer with electrons passing through the electron passage hole and radiate a primary X-ray from the target layer,   wherein the target layer is remote from a periphery of the insulating substrate configured to form an uncovered peripheral region at where a peripheral region of the substrate is not covered by the target layer,   wherein the electron passage formation member accommodates a secondary X-ray radiating region at the annular inner wall surface that radiates a secondary X-ray in response to irradiation with electrons reflected from the target layer, and   wherein the secondary X-ray radiating region, the target layer and the uncovered peripheral region are disposed such that both of the primary X-ray and the secondary X-ray are radiated to an outside of the X-ray generator.   
     
     
         2 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein the secondary-X-ray radiating region is shaped so as to cover an above of the target layer irradiated with the electrons. 
     
     
         3 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein the target layer reflects 20% to 60% of the irradiated electrons. 
     
     
         4 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein the secondary X-ray radiating region is located above the uncovered peripheral region such that the secondary X-ray is radiated through the uncovered peripheral region to the outside. 
     
     
         5 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 2 , wherein a cross-sectional area of at least an end of the electron passage formation member adjacent to the target layer is larger than, and increases as compared with, an opposite side from the target layer, and at least part of the annular inner wall surface of the enlarged-cross-sectional area region serves as the secondary X-ray radiating region. 
     
     
         6 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 5 , wherein the increase in the cross-sectional area of at least the end of the electron passage formation member adjacent to the target layer has a level difference. 
     
     
         7 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 5 , wherein the increase in the cross-sectional area of at least the end of the electron passage formation member adjacent to the target layer is a continuous increase. 
     
     
         8 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 5 , wherein at least part of the X-rays generated by irradiation of the secondary X-ray radiating region with the electrons reflected from the target layer passes through the target layer or the integrated target. 
     
     
         9 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 5 , wherein the X-rays radiated to the outside through the peripheral region of the integrated target irradiated with the electrons are X-rays in which the X-rays generated by direct irradiation of the integrated target with the electrons and the X-rays generated by irradiation of the secondary X-ray radiating region with the electrons reflected from the target layer are superimposed. 
     
     
         10 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein an electrically conductive layer connected to the integrated target is provided at at least part of the periphery of the substrate, the periphery being not covered with the target layer. 
     
     
         11 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 10 , wherein the electrically conductive layer is thinner than the target layer. 
     
     
         12 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 10 , wherein the electrically conductive layer is formed of an element having a mass smaller than that of the target layer. 
     
     
         13 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 10 , wherein the electrically conductive layer is provided on part of the periphery of the substrate, and another part of the periphery of the substrate is an exposed surface of the substrate. 
     
     
         14 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein the secondary X-ray radiating region is formed of the same material as that of the target layer. 
     
     
         15 . An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising:
 the X-ray generator according to  claim 1 ;   an X-ray detector that detects X-rays generated from the X-ray generator and passing through a subject; and   a control unit that controls the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector in a cooperative manner.   
     
     
         16 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein, the peripheral region shows higher transmittance for the secondary X-rays than a central region of the integrated target. 
     
     
         17 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 1 , wherein an angle θ formed by the secondary-X-ray radiating region and the target layer has a relation 10°<0<85°. 
     
     
         18 . An X-ray generator comprising:
 an anode including an electron passage formation member having an annular inner wall surface so as to form an electron passage hole;   an integrated target including a target layer and an insulating substrate supporting the target layer; and   an electron source facing the target layer configured to irradiate the target layer with electrons passing through the electron passage hole and radiate a primary X-ray from the target layer,   wherein the target layer is remote from a periphery of the insulating substrate configured to form an uncovered peripheral region at where a peripheral region of the substrate is not covered by the target layer,   wherein the electron passage formation member accommodates a secondary X-ray radiating region at the annular inner wall surface that radiates a secondary X-ray in response to irradiation with electrons reflected from the target layer, and   wherein the secondary X-ray radiating region is located above the uncovered peripheral region such that the secondary X-ray is radiated through the uncovered peripheral region to an outside of the X-ray generator.   
     
     
         19 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein the target layer reflects 20% to 60% of the irradiated electrons. 
     
     
         20 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein a cross-sectional area of at least an end of the electron passage formation member adjacent to the target layer is larger than, and increases as compared with, an opposite side from the target layer, and at least part of the annular inner wall surface of the enlarged-cross-sectional area region serves as the secondary X-ray radiating region. 
     
     
         21 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 19 , wherein the increase in the cross-sectional area of at least the end of the electron passage formation member adjacent to the target layer has a level difference. 
     
     
         22 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 19 , wherein the increase in the cross-sectional area of at least the end of the electron passage formation member adjacent to the target layer is a continuous increase. 
     
     
         23 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein at least part of the secondary X-ray passes through the target layer. 
     
     
         24 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein the secondary X-ray radiated to the outside through the uncovered peripheral region and the primary X-ray radiated to the outside are superimposed. 
     
     
         25 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , further comprising an electrically conductive layer electrically connected to the target layer,
 wherein the electrically conductive layer is provided at at least part of the uncovered peripheral region.   
     
     
         26 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 24 , wherein the electrically conductive layer is thinner than the target layer. 
     
     
         27 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 24 , wherein the electrically conductive layer is formed of an element having a mass smaller than that of the target layer. 
     
     
         28 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 24 , wherein the electrically conductive layer is provided partially on the uncovered peripheral region. 
     
     
         29 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein the secondary X-ray radiating region is formed of the same material as that of the target layer. 
     
     
         30 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein, the uncovered peripheral region shows higher transmittance for the secondary X-ray than a covered region of the integrated target, covered by the target layer. 
     
     
         31 . The X-ray generator according to  claim 18 , wherein an angle θ formed by the secondary-X-ray radiating region and the target layer has a relation 10°<θ<85°. 
     
     
         32 . An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising:
 the X-ray generator according to  claim 1 ;   an X-ray detector that detects X-rays generated from the X-ray generator and passing through a subject; and   a control unit that controls the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector in a cooperative manner.