Patch preparations with misuse prevention features

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a patch preparation having features that prevent misuse. In some embodiments, a patch preparation containing a plaster on a support, wherein the plaster comprises a solvent having a vapor pressure equal to or greater than 1 kPa at 20° C. The patch preparation can lose its adhesion after the plaster is exposed to air and at least some of the solvent has evaporated, or if the patch is removed from the skin. This feature prevent the used patch from being applied to the skin again, and can prevent misuse. A method of forming a patch preparation is also disclosed.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A patch preparation comprising a plaster disposed on a support, wherein the plaster comprises a solvent having a vapor pressure equal to or greater than about 1 kPa at 20° C., and the amount of the solvent is about 2% to 35% by weight of the plaster. 
     
     
         2 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the amount of solvent is about 5% to about 25% by weight of the plaster. 
     
     
         3 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of an acyclic or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic alcohol, an esters, a ketones, an ether, an aromatic hydrocarbons, and water, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The patch preparation of  claim 3 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of n-hexane, n-heptane, cyclohexane, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-buthanol, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl-ethyl-ketone, methyl-isobutyl-ketone, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxyane, benzene, xylene, and water, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the plaster further comprises a medicament. 
     
     
         6 . The patch preparation of  claim 5 , wherein the medicament is selected from the group consisting of a hypnosedative, a stimulant, a psychoneurotic agent, a regional anesthetic, a muscle relaxant, suxametonium, an antiparkinsonian agent, an antimigraine agent, an anti-smoking drug, an anti-allergic agent, an anti-Alzheimer's agent, and an opioid analgesic medication, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         7 . The patch preparation of  claim 6 , wherein the medicament comprises one or more opioid analgesic medications selected from the group consisting of morphine, codeine, fentanyl, oxycodone, and hydromorphone, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the plaster further comprises a base material. 
     
     
         9 . The patch preparation of  claim 8 , wherein the base material comprises an elastic polymer. 
     
     
         10 . The patch preparation of  claim 9 , wherein the elastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of an acrylic polymer, a rubber polymer, and a silicone-based polymer, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the plaster further comprises one or more additives. 
     
     
         12 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the support is a solvent impermeable support. 
     
     
         13 . The patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the support is a solvent permeable support. 
     
     
         14 . The patch preparation of  claim 13 , wherein:
 a solvent impermeable support is disposed on the plaster;   a second plaster is disposed on the solvent impermeable support, and the second plaster comprises a medicament; and   the surface area of the plaster is greater than the surface area of the solvent impermeable support, and the surface area of the solvent impermeable support is greater than or equal to the surface area of the second plaster.   
     
     
         15 . The patch preparation of  claim 14 , wherein the plaster does not contain a medicament. 
     
     
         16 . A method of preparing a patch preparation comprising:
 Providing a support;   providing a coating solution comprising a solvent and a polymer;   disposing the coating solution on the support to form a plaster; and   drying the plaster until the amount of the solvent is about 2% to 35% by weight of the plaster.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the coating solution further comprises a medicament. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the solvent has a vapor pressure equal to or greater than about 1 kPa at 20° C. 
     
     
         19 . A method of preventing or reducing the occurrence of misuse or abuse of a patch preparation for percutaneous delivery of a medicament, comprising:
 providing a patch preparation of  claim 1 , wherein the patch preparation loses its adhesion when the plaster is exposed to air and the solvent concentration in the plaster decreases more than 50% or after the patch preparation is removed from skin.   
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the patch preparation loses its adhesion when the plaster is exposed to air for at least about 10 minutes.