Chemistry, systems and methods of translocation of a polymer through a nanopore

Abstract

Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to recognition tunneling systems, methods and devices, and more particularly, to chemical reactions for selectively labeling proteins and peptides and placing protein and/or peptides into, or onto a nanopore formed in a solid support and threading such in and/or through the nanopore, with such nanopores, in some embodiments, including a molecular motor to pull or otherwise force the protein/peptide through the nanopore.

What is currently claimed: 
     
         1 . A method for preparing a modified protein or peptide for enabling identification of the protein or peptide in an identification or sequencing apparatus, the modified protein or peptide having a reactive alkyne group at the N terminus of the protein or peptide, the method comprising:
 dissolving a protein sample into an aqueous acetate buffer to produce a first solution;   adjusting the pH of the first solution to between about 5.0 and about 7.6;   dissolving pentynoic anhydride in acetonitrile to a concentration of between about 1 and about 100 mM to produce a second solution; and   mixing the first solution and the second solution at about 0° C. and maintaining the mixture at about 0° C. for between about 10 minutes to about 5 hours.