Visualization systems, instruments and methods of using the same in spinal decompression procedures

Abstract

A method for positioning a treatment instrument in a subject involves positioning a tissue protector of a visualization instrument in an epidural space of the subject. The tissue protector is viewed and positioned in the epidural space using fluoroscopy. A treatment instrument between a first vertebra and a second vertebra and while viewing the tissue protector positioned in the epidural space. A decompression procedure is performed using the treatment instrument.

1 .- 19 . 
     
     
         21 . A treatment system for treating spinal compression of a subject, comprising:
 a delivery cannula;   a visualization instrument including a tissue protector and an elongate body, the tissue protector is configured to be positioned in an epidural space and viewed using fluoroscopy while the elongate body extends through the delivery cannula and out of the subject; and   a treatment instrument configured to perform a decompression procedure at a treatment site while the tissue protector prevents access to the spinal cord and the elongate body extends through the delivery cannula.   
     
     
         22 . The treatment system of  claim 21 , wherein the delivery cannula has an open distal end configured to be positioned between adjacent spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. 
     
     
         23 . The treatment system of  claim 21  wherein the tissue protector includes a plurality of deployable arms for protecting tissue while the treatment instrument is used to perform at least a portion of the decompression procedure. 
     
     
         24 . The treatment system of  claim 21  wherein the visualization instrument includes a tissue protector comprising one or more balloons, nets, and sheets. 
     
     
         25 . The treatment system of  claim 21  wherein the visualization instrument includes at least one radiopaque marker. 
     
     
         26 . The treatment system of  claim 21  wherein the treatment instrument is configured to remove bone from a vertebral column of the subject, separating a portion of a ligamentum flavum from at least one vertebra of the subject, and/or remove a portion of the ligamentum flavum from the subject.