US2018100004A1PendingUtilityA1

Hepcidin analogues and uses thereof

64
Assignee: PROTAGONIST THERAPEUTICS INCPriority: Mar 15, 2013Filed: Sep 29, 2017Published: Apr 12, 2018
Est. expiryMar 15, 2033(~6.7 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
A61P 3/12A61P 3/00C07K 14/575A61K 38/00
64
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Claims

Abstract

The present invention relates, inter alia, to certain hepcidin peptide analogues, including peptides and dimers thereof, and to the use of the peptides and peptide dimers in the treatment and/or prevention of a variety of diseases, conditions or disorders, including treatment and/or prevention of iron overload diseases, which include hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemias, and other conditions and disorders described herein.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 - 56 . (canceled) 
     
     
         57 . A peptide having the following structural formula I′
   R1′-X′-Y′-R2′  (I′) (SEQ ID NO:21)
 
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, 
 wherein 
 R1′ is hydrogen, a C1-C6 alkyl, a C6-C12 aryl, a C1-C20 alkanoyl or pGlu; 
 R2′ is —NH 2  or —OH; 
 X′ is a peptide sequence having the formula Ia′
   X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10   (Ia′) (SEQ ID NO:13)
 
 
 wherein 
 X1 is Asp, Ala, Ida, pGlu, bhAsp, Leu, D-Asp or absent; 
 X2 is Thr, Ala, or D-Thr; 
 X3 is His, Lys, D-His or Lys; 
 X4 is Phe, Ala, Dpa or D-Phe; 
 X5 is Pro, Gly, Arg, Lys, Ala, D-Pro or bhPro; 
 X6 is Ile, Cys, Arg, Lys, D-Ile or D-Cys; 
 X7 is Cys, Ile, Leu, Val, Phe, D-Ile or D-Cys; 
 X8 is Ile, Arg, Phe, Gln, Lys, Glu, Val, Leu or D-Ile; 
 X9 is Phe or bhPhe; and 
 X10 is Lys, Phe or absent; 
 wherein if Y′ is absent, X7 is Ile; and 
 Y′ is a peptide sequence having the formula IIa′
   Y1-Y2-Y3-Y4-Y5-Y6-Y7-Y8-Y9-Y10-Y11-Y12-Y13-Y14-Y15   (IIa′) (SEQ ID NO:16)
 
 
 wherein 
 Y1 is Gly, Cys, Ala, Phe, Pro, Glu, Lys, D-Pro, Val, Ser or absent; 
 Y2 is Pro, Ala, Cys, Gly or absent; 
 Y3 is Arg, Lys, Pro, Gly, His, Ala, Trp or absent; 
 Y4 is Ser, Arg, Gly, Trp, Ala, His, Tyr or absent; 
 Y5 is Lys, Met, Arg, Ala or absent; 
 Y6 is Gly, Ser, Lys, Ile, Ala, Pro, Val or absent; 
 Y7 is Trp, Lys, Gly, Ala, Ile, Val or absent; 
 Y8 is Val, Thr, Gly, Cys, Met, Tyr, Ala, Glu, Lys, Asp, Arg or absent; 
 Y9 is Cys, Tyr or absent; 
 Y10 is Met, Lys, Arg, Tyr or absent; 
 Y11 is Arg, Met, Cys, Lys or absent; 
 Y12 is Arg, Lys, Ala or absent; 
 Y13 is Arg, Cys, Lys, Val or absent; 
 Y14 is Arg, Lys, Pro, Cys, Thr or absent; and 
 Y15 is Thr, Arg or absent; 
 wherein the peptide of formula I′ comprises at least two cysteine residues. 
 
     
     
         58 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 57 , wherein the peptide comprises two cysteine residues linked via a disulfide bond. 
     
     
         59 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 57 , wherein the peptide is PEGylated on R1′, X′, or Y′. 
     
     
         60 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 57 , wherein a side chain of an amino acid of the peptide is conjugated to a lipophilic substituent or a polymeric moiety. 
     
     
         61 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to  claim 57 , wherein R1′ is hydrogen, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid or acetyl. 
     
     
         62 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to  claim 57 , wherein X′ is a peptide sequence having formula Ib′
   X1-Thr-His-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-Phe-X10   (Ib′) (SEQ ID NO:14)
 
 wherein 
 X1 is Asp, Ida, pGlu, bhAsp or absent; 
 X4 is Phe or Dpa; 
 X5 is Pro or bhPro; 
 X6 is Ile, Cys or Arg; 
 X7 is Cys, Ile, Leu or Val; 
 X8 is Ile, Lys, Glu, Phe, Gln or Arg; and 
 X10 is Lys or absent. 
 
     
     
         63 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to  claim 57 , wherein X′ is a peptide sequence having formula Ic′
   X1-Thr-His-X4-X5-Cys-Ile-X8-Phe-X10   (Ic′) (SEQ ID NO:15)
 
 wherein 
 X1 is Asp, Ida, pGlu, bhAsp or absent; 
 X4 is Phe or Dpa; 
 X5 is Pro or bhPro; 
 X8 is Ile, Lys, Glu, Phe, Gln or Arg; and 
 X10 is Lys or absent. 
 
     
     
         64 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to  claim 63 , wherein X1 is Asp, X4 is Phe, and X5 is Pro. 
     
     
         65 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 57 , wherein the peptide comprises one of the following sequences: 
       
         
           
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 29) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPICIFGPRSKGWVC; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 38) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 128) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFEPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 164) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWACK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 168) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCKK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 57 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFVCHRPKGCYRRVCR; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 125) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 173) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFKPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 106) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 135) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFGPKSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 207) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 265) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPKSKGWECK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 245) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRSKKCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 247) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGCKK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 249) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFKPRSKGCK; 
                 
                     
                   or 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 250) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPKSKGCK. 
                 
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         66 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 65 , comprising one of the following structures: 
       
         
           
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 29) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPICIFGPRSKGWVC-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 38) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 128) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFEPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 164) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWACK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 168) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCKK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 57) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFVCHRPKGCYRRVCR-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 172) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(PEG8))FGPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 173) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF(K(PEG8))PRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 199) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPICIFGPRS(K(PEG8))GWVC-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 200) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPICIFGPRS(K(PEG4))GWVC-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 201) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVC(K(PEG8))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 202) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVC(K(PEG4))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 203) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVC(K(PEG2))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 183) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(Palm))FGPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 217) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF)K(Palm))PRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 219) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGP(K(Palm))SKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 220) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRS(K(Palm))GWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 221) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVC(K(Palm))NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 222) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(PEG3-Palm))FGPRSKGWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 223) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF(K(PEG3-Palm))PRSKGWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 224) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGP(K(PEG3-Palm))SKGWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 225) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRS(K(PEG3-Palm))GWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 226) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVC(K(PEG3-Palm))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 176) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVC(K(PEG8))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 241) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(isoGlu-Palm))FEPRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 242) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF-K(isoGlu-Palm)-PRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 243) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEP(K(isoGlu-Palm))SKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 265) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid- 
                 
                     
                 
                   DTHFPCIKFEP(K(isoGlu-Palm))SKGWECK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 244) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid- 
                 
                     
                 
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRS(K(isoGlu-Palm))GCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 245) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSK(K(isoGlu-Palm))CK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 246) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGCK(K(isoGlu-Palm))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 248) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI-K(Dapa-Palm)-FEPRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 249) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIK(F(Dapa-Palm))PRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 250) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEP(K(Dapa-Palm))SKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 251) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRS(K(Dapa-Palm))GCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 252) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSK(K(Dapa-Palm))CK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 253) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGC(K(Dapa-Palm))K- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                   or 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 254) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGC(K(Dapa-Palm))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 . 
                 
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         67 . The peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 66 , wherein the peptide comprises two cysteine residues linked via a disulfide bond. 
     
     
         68 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of  claim 57  and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. 
     
     
         69 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 67 , wherein the peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises one of the following sequences: 
       
         
           
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 29) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPICIFGPRSKGWVC; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 38) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 128) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFEPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 164) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWACK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 168) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCKK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 57 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFVCHRPKGCYRRVCR; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 125) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 173) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFKPRSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 106) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 135) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFGPKSKGWVCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 207) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 265) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPKSKGWECK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 245) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRSKKCK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 247) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGCKK; 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 249) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFKPRSKGCK; 
                 
                     
                   or 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 250) 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   DTHFPCIKFEPKSKGCK. 
                 
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         70 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 68 , wherein the peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises one of the following structures: 
       
         
           
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 29) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPICIFGPRSKGWVC-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 38) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 128) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFEPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 164) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWACK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 168) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSKGWVCKK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 57) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFVCHRPKGCYRRVCR-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 172) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(PEG8))FGPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 173) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF(K(PEG8))PRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 199) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPICIFGPRS(K(PEG8))GWVC-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 200) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPICIFGPRS(K(PEG4))GWVC-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 201) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVC(K(PEG8))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 202) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVC(K(PEG4))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 203) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIIFGPRSRGWVC(K(PEG2))-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 183) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(Palm))FGPRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 217) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF)K(Palm))PRSKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 219) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGP(K(Palm))SKGWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 220) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRS(K(Palm))GWVCK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 221) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid- 
                 
                     
                 
                   DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVC(K(Palm))NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 222) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(PEG3-Palm))FGPRSKGWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 223) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF(K(PEG3-Palm))PRSKGWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 224) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGP(K(PEG3-Palm))SKGWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 225) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRS(K(PEG3-Palm))GWVCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 226) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVC(K(PEG3-Palm))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 176) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFGPRSKGWVC(K(PEG8))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 241) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI(K(isoGlu-Palm))FEPRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 242) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKF-K(isoGlu-Palm)-PRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 243) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEP(K(isoGlu-Palm))SKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 265) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEP(K(isoGlu- 
                 
                     
                 
                   Palm))SKGWECK-NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 244) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRS(K(isoGlu-Palm))GCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 245) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSK(K(isoGlu-Palm))CK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 246) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGCK(K(isoGlu-Palm))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 248) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCI-K(Dapa-Palm)-FEPRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 249) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIK(F(Dapa-Palm))PRSKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 250) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEP(K(Dapa-Palm))SKGCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 251) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRS(K(Dapa-Palm))GCK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 252) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSK(K(Dapa-Palm))CK- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 253) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGC(K(Dapa-Palm))K- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 ; 
                 
                   or 
                 
                     
                 
                 
               
                   (SEQ ID NO: 254) 
                 
                 
               
                   Isovaleric acid-DTHFPCIKFEPRSKGC(K(Dapa-Palm))- 
                 
                     
                 
                   NH 2 . 
                 
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
             
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         71 . The pharmaceutical composition of  claim 69 , wherein the peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprises two cysteine residues linked via a disulfide bond. 
     
     
         72 . A method of treating a disease of iron metabolism in a subject, comprising administering to the subject at least one peptide or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to  claim 57  or a pharmaceutical composition according to  claim 67 .

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