Erysiphe Necator Resistance Providing Genes in Vitis Vinifera

Abstract

Provided herein are Erysiphe necator resistance conferring genes, plants, plant parts and seeds comprising the present resistance providing genes and the use thereof for selecting Erysiphe necator resistant plants. Specifically, provided herein are Erysiphe necator resistance conferring genes, wherein the amino acid sequence encoded by said resistance conferring genes is the primary amino acid sequence represented SEQ ID No. 1, or a primary amino acid sequence with more than 70% identity, preferably more than 80% identity, more preferably more than 90% identity, and most preferably more than 95% identity with SEQ ID No. 1; and wherein said resistance conferring gene is impaired.

1 - 21 . (canceled) 
     
     
         22 . An isolated  Vitis vinifera  having resistance to powdery mildew and comprising in its genome a modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions, wherein the modified gene results in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene.   
     
     
         23 . The isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 22 , wherein the resistance to powdery mildew is resistance to powdery mildew caused by  Erysiphe necator.    
     
     
         24 . The isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 22 , wherein the modified gene results in at least a 10% reduction in expression of the protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene or at least a 10% reduction in amount of mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene. 
     
     
         25 . The isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 22 , further comprising in its genome a second modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions, wherein the modified second gene results in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene.   
     
     
         26 . The isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 22 , further comprising in its genome a second modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions, wherein the modified second gene results in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene.   
     
     
         27 . The isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 22 , further comprising in its genome second and third modified genes comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions,
 wherein the modified second gene results in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene; and   wherein the modified third gene results in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said third modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said third modified gene.   
     
     
         28 . A seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material of the isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 22 , wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene.   
     
     
         29 . A seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material of the isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 25 , wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, and   wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the second modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene.   
     
     
         30 . A seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material of the isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 26 , wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, and   wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the second modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene.   
     
     
         31 . A seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material of the isolated  Vitis vinifera  of  claim 27 , wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the three modified genes comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene, and   wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the second modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said second modified gene, and   wherein the seed, fruit, plant part, or propagation material comprises the third modified gene comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions resulting in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said third modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said third modified gene.   
     
     
         32 . A method for obtaining a  Vitis vinifera  having resistance to powdery mildew comprising introducing a modification comprising one or snore non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions to a gene encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in a  Vitis vinifera , wherein the modification results in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene.   
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the resistance to powdery mildew is resistance to powdery mildew caused by  Erysiphe necator.    
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the modified gene results in at least a 10% reduction in expression of the protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene or at least a 10% reduction in amount of mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking said modified gene. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the method further comprises introducing a second modification comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions to a second gene encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 in a  Vitis vinifera , wherein the modification results in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene.   
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the method further comprises introducing a second modification comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions to a second gene encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 in a  Vitis vinifera , wherein the modification results in:
 a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene.   
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the method further comprises:
 introducing a second modification comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions to a second gene encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 in a  Vitis vinifera , wherein the modification results in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene; and   introducing a third modification comprising one or more non-natural mutations, insertions, substitutions, or deletions to a third gene encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 in a  Vitis vinifera , wherein the modification results in:   a decrease of function, loss of function, reduced expression, or absence of a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene, or   a decrease in mRNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 compared to a  Vitis vinifera  lacking the second modified gene.