COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING C5 and C6 MONOSACCHARIDES

Abstract

Compositions comprising C5 and C6 monosaccharides and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A composition comprising:
 (a) at least one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from cellulose;   (b) at least one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate and/or at least one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from hemicellulose;   (c) at least one water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate and/or at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from hemicellulose; and   (d) impurities   wherein the impurities comprise a total amount by weight, based on total weight of the composition, of (a) less than about 6750 ppm or (b) less than about 1950 ppm of elements Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn when the composition is measured for all of the elements.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 ,
 wherein the elements comprise Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si.   
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 2 , further comprising:
 at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from cellulose.   
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 3 ,
 wherein the at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from cellulose, is selected from one of cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 2 , further comprising:
 glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 2 ,
 wherein the one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate and/or the water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate is derived from a lignocellulose biomass.   
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 2 , further comprising:
 water.   
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 2 ,
 wherein the water-soluble hydrolysates are present:
 at a concentration of at least 0.5 g/L; or 
 at a concentration of at least 200 g/L. 
   
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 2 ,
 wherein the at least one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from cellulose, is glucose.   
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein at least one of the following is satisfied:
 the impurities comprise less than 1925 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of elements;   the impurities comprise less than 300 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of calcium;   the impurities comprise less than 10 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the the composition, of iron;   the impurities comprise less than 1000 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of sulfur.   
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the at least one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate is present and is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and/or   the at least one water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate is present and is composed of monomeric units of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein:
 the weight ratio of the water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate to the elements is greater than about 95:1; and/or   the weight ratio of the one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate to the elements is greater than about 30:1.   
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 1 ,
 wherein the impurities comprise:
 less than 300 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of calcium; 
 less than 10 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of iron; and 
 less than 1000 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of sulfur. 
   
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 13 ,
 wherein the elements comprise Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si.   
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from cellulose.   
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 15 ,
 wherein the at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from cellulose, is selected from one of cellobiose, isomaltose, trehalose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 13 ,
 the impurities comprise less than 1925 ppm by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of elements; and   wherein the elements comprise Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si.   
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein:
 the at least one water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from hemicellulose, is present and has a degree of polymerization of 2 to about 6; and/or   the at least one water-soluble C6 oligosaccharide hydrolysate, derived from hemicellulose, is present and has a degree of polymerization of 2 to about 6.   
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein:
 the at least one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate is present and is selected from xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof; and/or   the at least one water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate is present and is composed of monomeric units of xylose, arabinose, or a combination thereof.   
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 2 , further comprising ash. 
     
     
         22 . A composition, comprising:
 at least one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate;   at least one water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate;   at least one water-soluble C5 oligosaccharide hydrolysate having a degree of polymerization of about 2 to about 10; and   impurities, wherein the impurities comprise a total amount by weight, based on total weight of the composition, of (a) less than about 6750 ppm or (b) less than about 1950 ppm of elements Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn when the composition is measured for all of the elements.   
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 22 ,
 wherein the elements comprise Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Si.   
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 23 ,
 wherein the water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate is extracted from lignocellulosic biomass.   
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 23 , further comprising water. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claims 23 , wherein at least one of the following is satisfied:
 the water-soluble hydrolysates are present at a concentration of at least 200 g/L;   the water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate is present at a concentration of at least about 0.5 g/L;   the water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate is present at a concentration of at least 0.5 g/L.   
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 23 ,
 wherein the water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate is glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose, or a mixture thereof.   
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 23 ,
 wherein the impurities comprise at least one of:
 less than about 300 ppm by weight of calcium; 
 less than about 10 ppm by weight of iron; 
 less than about 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur. 
   
     
     
         29 . The composition of  claim 23 , wherein:
 the weight ratio of the water-soluble C5 monosaccharide hydrolysate to the elements is greater than about 95:1; and/or   the weight ratio of the one water-soluble C6 monosaccharide hydrolysate to the elements is greater than about 30:1.   
     
     
         30 . The composition of  claim 22 ,
 wherein the impurities comprise at least one of:
 less than about 300 ppm by weight of calcium; 
 less than about 10 ppm by weight of iron; 
 less than about 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur.