Method for producing stable graphene, graphite and amorphous carbon aqueous dispersions

Abstract

The present patent application relates to a method for producing dispersions and nanodispersions of graphite, graphene and amorphous carbon in aqueous media without using any surfactant and without requiring any chemical modification of the graphene, such as oxidation to produce graphene oxide.

1 - 15 . (canceled) 
     
     
         16 . A process for dispersion of graphite and graphene in a solution or dispersion of cellulose in alkaline aqueous medium, at a range of concentrations from 0.001% to 50% by weight, forming dispersed particles of graphene or graphite with nanometric thickness, the process characterized by the use of graphite or graphene powder, without the need to use oxidizing reagents or any other form of chemical modification of graphite or graphene. 
     
     
         17 . A process for spontaneous formation of dispersions of graphite and graphene in solutions or dispersions of cellulose in alkaline aqueous medium, at a range of concentrations from 0.001% to 50% by weight, the process characterized by spontaneous swelling and dispersion of the graphite, since it is immersed in the cellulose solution and gently stirred, periodically. 
     
     
         18 . A process of dispersion of amorphous carbons in solutions or dispersions of cellulose in alkaline aqueous medium, at a range of concentrations from 0.001% to 50% by weight, characterized by the use of powdered carbon, granulate carbon or any other known form of art, eliminating the use of oxidizing reagents or any other chemical modification of carbon. 
     
     
         19 . A process for spontaneous formation of amorphous carbon dispersions in solutions or dispersions of cellulose in alkaline aqueous medium, at a range of concentrations from 0.001% to 50% by weight, characterized by swelling and dispersion spontaneous of the powder or carbon grains, since they are immersed in the cellulose solution and gently shaken, periodically. 
     
     
         20 . A process for dispersion of others carbonaceous materials as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and colloidal carbons in solutions or dispersions of cellulose in alkaline aqueous medium, at a range of concentrations from 0.001% to 50% by weight, forming dispersions of nanometric particles, eliminating the use of surfactants or other dispersants. 
     
     
         21 . A process for spontaneous formation of dispersions of other carbonaceous materials such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and colloidal carbons in solutions or dispersions of cellulose in alkaline aqueous medium, characterized by spontaneous swelling and dispersion of the carbonaceous solids, since they are immersed in the solution cellulose and gently shaken, periodically. 
     
     
         22 . The process according to  claim 16 , whereas the mass ratio ranges between the cellulose and the carbonaceous materials of 1 to 60 parts of cellulose and between 99 to 40 parts of carbonaceous materials by weight. 
     
     
         23 . The process according to  claim 22 , whereas that cellulose can be introduced into the process as solid powder or in an alkaline solution or dispersion in water and the alkali concentration may vary between 0 and 50% by weight of the dispersion or solution. 
     
     
         24 . A process for simultaneous miscibilization of graphite or other carbonaceous materials such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and colloidal carbons using cellulose as dispersant, by mechanical mixing of the dried powders producing a powder mixture that can be dispersed in water without the need for vigorous mechanical agitation. 
     
     
         25 . The process according to  claim 16 , characterized by the dispersion of graphite or other carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and colloidal carbons using cellulose as a dispersant, by mechanical mixing of the powders immersed in water, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-propanol, acetone, ethylene glycol, glycerol, mono-methyl ethylene glycol, characterized by the production of stable dispersions or homogeneous sediments, eliminating the use of vigorous mechanical agitation. 
     
     
         26 . Electric conductive inks based on dispersions of graphene, graphite and other carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and colloidal carbons using cellulose as dispersant, according to  claim 16 . 
     
     
         27 . Electric conductive adhesives based on slurries or dispersions of graphene, graphite and other carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon fullerenes and colloidal carbons using cellulose as dispersant, according to  claim 16 . 
     
     
         28 . A process of painting, printing and writing based on the use of inks according to  claim 26 . 
     
     
         29 . A process for production of solid films, coatings and poly-functional electric conductive adhesives and/or antistatic and radiation absorbers in the visible, ultraviolet and infra-red based in the dispersions as described in  claim 16 . 
     
     
         30 . A process for production of solid films, coatings and poly-functional electric conductive adhesives and/or antistatic and radiation absorbers in the visible, ultraviolet and infra-red based in the products described in the  claim 26 . 
     
     
         30 . A process for production of solid films, coatings and poly-functional electric conductive adhesives and/or antistatic and radiation absorbers in the visible, ultraviolet and infra-red based in the products described in the  claims 27 . 
     
     
         31 . A process for production of nanocomposites of graphene and other carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon fullerenes and colloidal carbons using cellulose as dispersant with other materials, in which cellulose is introduced previously or during the mixture of the components of the nanocomposite. 
     
     
         32 . A process for production of electrodes for sensors, batteries, solar cells or industrial processes, which uses the nanocomposites described in  claim 31 . 
     
     
         33 . A process for production of electrodes for sensors, batteries, solar cells or industrial processes, which uses the inks described in  claim 26 . 
     
     
         34 . A process for production of electrodes for sensors, batteries, solar cells or industrial processes, which uses the solid films, coatings and conductive adhesives described in  claim 27 . 
     
     
         35 . A process for production of electrodes for sensors, batteries, solar cells or industrial processes, which uses solid films, coatings and conductive adhesives described in  claim 28 .