Pouch Cell and Method of Forming Same

Abstract

An electrochemical cell includes a housing, and an electrode assembly disposed in the housing. The electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The housing is formed of a first case half and a second case half. Each case half is formed of a metal foil laminate material and includes a wedge-shaped central recess that is surrounded by a flange. The flange of the first case half is joined to the flange of the second case half along a seal line that surrounds the respective central recesses. The central recesses cooperate to define an interior space of the housing that contains the electrode assembly, and the interior space has the shape of a rectangular prism. The seal line extends along a diagonal of a side of the rectangular prism. A method of forming the housing is described.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An electrochemical cell, comprising
 a housing, and   an electrode assembly disposed in the housing,   
       wherein
 the electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, 
 the positive electrode, the separator and the negative electrode are stacked along a stack axis; 
 the housing comprises a first case half and a second case half, 
 the first case half is formed of a metal foil laminate material and includes a first central recess that is surrounded by a first flange, 
 the second case half is formed of the metal foil laminate material and includes a second central recess that is surrounded by a second flange, 
 the first flange is joined to the second flange along a seal line that surrounds the first central recess and the second central recess, 
 the first recess and the second recess cooperate to define an interior space of the housing, the interior space having the shape of a rectangular prism and containing the electrode assembly, and 
 the seal line extends along a diagonal of a side of the rectangular prism. 
 
     
     
         2 . The electrochemical cell of  claim 1 , wherein the first case half is formed such that the first central recess defines a first wedge shaped volume, and the second case half is formed such that the second central recess defines a second wedge shaped volume. 
     
     
         3 . The electrochemical cell of  claim 1 , wherein the stack axis extends in a direction that is parallel to the side of the rectangular prism. 
     
     
         4 . The electrochemical cell of  claim 1 , wherein
 the first central recess and the second central recess each have a triangular shape when the first and second case halves are viewed in a first direction that is perpendicular to the stack axis, and   the first central recess and the second central recess each have a rectangular shape when the first and second case halves are viewed in a second direction that is perpendicular to the stack axis and to the first direction.   
     
     
         5 . The electrochemical cell of  claim 1 , wherein
 the rectangular prism includes a first end that is transverse to the stack axis, a second end parallel to, and spaced apart from, the first end, a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side that are parallel to, and spaced apart from, the stack axis, the first side, the second side, the third side and the fourth sides extending between and joining the first end to the second end, and   the seal line extends along a diagonal of the second side and the fourth side.   
     
     
         6 . The electrochemical cell of  claim 5 , wherein
 when in use, the electrochemical cell is supported on one of the first side and the third side, and   a portion of the first flange and the second flange including the seal line that protrudes from the one of the first side and the third side is folded so as to be aligned with the one of the first side and the third side.   
     
     
         7 . The electrochemical cell of  claim 1 , wherein the metal foil laminate material includes a metal foil layer sandwiched between polymer layers. 
     
     
         8 . A method of forming a housing, the method comprising
 providing a first sheet of a metal foil laminate material;   clamping the first sheet between a first clamping surface of a first clamp element and a second clamping surface of a second clamp element, the first clamp element having a first central opening formed in the first clamping surface and the second clamp element having a second central opening formed in the second clamping surface, the first central opening and the second central opening being aligned along a clamping axis that is perpendicular to both the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface;   providing a first punch that comprises a first base configured to be connected to an actuator, and a first protrusion that protrudes from the first base and has the shape of a right triangular prism, the first protrusion including two first vertices that are spaced apart from the first base and form a leading edge of the first protrusion, each of the two first vertices having a first radius;   deforming the first sheet of material by pressing the first punch through the first central opening and the second central opening and against the first sheet to form a wedge shaped recess in the first sheet having recess vertices that have a radius corresponding to the first radius;   providing a second punch that comprises a second base configured to be connected to an actuator, and a second protrusion that protrudes from the second base and has the shape of a right triangular prism, the second protrusion including two second vertices that are spaced apart from the second base and form a leading edge of the second protrusion, each of the two second vertices having a second radius that is smaller than the first radius; and   deforming the wedge shaped recess by pressing the second punch through the first central opening and the second central opening and against the first sheet to deform the wedge shaped recess such that the recess vertices have a radius corresponding to the second radius, whereby a first case half is formed that includes the wedge shaped recess and a first flange that surrounds the wedge shaped recess and protrudes outwardly therefrom.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising the following method steps:
 providing a second sheet of a metal foil laminate material;   clamping the second sheet between the first clamping surface of the first clamp element and the second clamping surface of the second clamp element;   deforming the second sheet of material by pressing the first punch through the first central opening and the second central opening and against the second sheet to form a wedge shaped recess in the second sheet having recess vertices that have a radius corresponding to the first radius; and   deforming the wedge shaped recess by pressing the second punch through the first central opening and the second central opening and against the second sheet to deform the wedge shaped recess such that the recess vertices have a radius corresponding to the second radius, whereby a second case half is formed that includes the wedge shaped recess and a second flange that surrounds the wedge shaped recess and protrudes outwardly therefrom.   
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , further comprising the following method steps:
 assembling the first sheet and second sheet together such that wedge shaped recess of the of the first sheet cooperates with the wedge shaped recess of the second sheet to form the housing having an interior space that has the shape of a rectangular prism, and   sealing the first flange to the second flange along a seal line that surrounds both the wedge shaped recess of the of the first sheet and the wedge shaped recess of the second sheet, whereby the seal line extends along a diagonal of a side of the rectangular prism.   
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10  wherein the step of sealing the first flange to the second flange is performed by applying heat to at least one of the first and second flanges. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the first clamp element and the second clamp element are clamped together using a clamping force applied along the clamping axis that is sufficient to retain the first sheet between the first clamp element and the second clamp element during the deforming step, while also allowing the first sheet to slide relative to the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the first radius is at least 10 mm and the second radius is at most 4 mm. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the first radius is in a range of 10 mm to 15 mm, and the second radius is in a range of 1 mm to 4 mm.