Lubricating compositions for preventing or reducing abnormal combustion in a motor vehicle engine

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for preventing and/or reducing abnormal combustion of fuel in a motor vehicle engine that includes the use of a lubricating composition including at least one base oil and at least one fatty amine.

1 - 17 . (canceled) 
     
     
         18 . A method for preventing and/or reducing abnormal combustion of motor fuel in a motor vehicle engine comprising the step of lubricating the motor with a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one fatty amine, wherein the fatty amine is selected from among:
 fatty amines having the formula (I)
   R 1 —[(NR 2 )—R 3 ] n —NR 4 R 5 ;   (I)
 
   wherein
 R 1  represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising at least 12 carbon atoms; 
 R 2 , R 4  or R 5  independently represents, a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, which is linear straight-chained or branched; 
 R 3  represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising one or more carbon atom(s); 
 n represents an integer that is greater than or equal to 1; 
 a mixture of one or more polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV): 
   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein
 R, being either identical or different, represents an alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; 
 n and z, independently of one another, represent 0, 1, 2 or 3; and 
 when z is greater than 0, o and p, independently of one another, represent 0, 1, 2 or 3; 
 
         the said mixture comprising at least 3% by weight of branched compounds such that at least one of n or z is greater than or equal to 1, or derivatives thereof; or
 mixtures of fatty amines having the formulas (I), (III) and/or (IV). 
 
       
     
     
         19 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein:
 R 1  represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and/or   R 2 , R 4  or R 5  independently represents, a hydrogen atom; a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; or a (R 6 — O) p —H group, wherein R 6  is a saturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising at least 2 carbon atoms, and p represents an integer that is greater than or equal to 1; and/or   R 3  represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising between 2 and 6 carbon atoms.   
     
     
         20 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein:
 n is equal to 1, 2 or 3;   R 1  represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 12 to 20 carbon atoms;   R 2  independently represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;   R 3  represents a saturated and linear alkyl group, comprising between 2 and 6 carbon atoms;   R 4  and R 5  represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.   
     
     
         21 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein:
 n is equal to 3;   R 1  represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 12 to 20 carbon atoms;   R 2  independently represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 16 to 18 carbon atoms;   R 3  represents an ethyl or propyl group;   R 4  and R 5  represent a hydrogen atom.   
     
     
         22 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein:
 n is equal to 1, 2 or 3;   R 1  represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 14 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 16 to 20 carbon atoms;   R 2 , R 4  and R 5  independently represents, a hydrogen atom or a (R 6 — O) p —H group, wherein R 6  is a saturated linear alkyl group, comprising between 2 and 6 carbon atoms, and with p representing an integer comprised between 1 and 6;   R 3  represents a saturated and linear alkyl group, comprising between 2 and 6 carbon atoms.   
     
     
         23 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein:
 n is equal to 3;   R 1  represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, which is linear straight-chained or branched, comprising from 14 to 20 carbon atoms;   R 2 , R 4  and R 5  independently represents, a hydrogen atom or a (R 6 — O) p — H group, wherein R 6  is a saturated linear alkyl group, comprising between 2 and 4 carbon atoms, and with p representing an integer comprised between 1 and 4;   R 3  represents an ethyl or propyl group.   
     
     
         24 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the mixture of polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) comprises at least 5% by weight of compounds having a pure linear structure. 
     
     
         25 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the mixture of polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) comprises at least 4% by weight, of branched compounds such that at least n or z is greater than or equal to 1. 
     
     
         26 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the mixture of polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) comprises at least polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) such that when n, o, p and z are not equal to 0, they are equal to 1 or 2. 
     
     
         27 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the mixture of polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) comprises at least polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) for which n, o, p, or z independently represent 0, 1 or 2. 
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the mixture of polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) comprises at least polyalkylamines having the formulas (III) and/or (IV) and derivatives thereof for which n, o, p and z independently represent 0, 1 or 2. 
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the mixture of fatty amines having the formulas (I), (III) and/or (IV) represents from 0.1 to 15% by weight in relation to the total weight of the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         30 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the fatty amine represents from 0.1 to 5% by weight in relation to the total weight of the lubricating composition. 
     
     
         31 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein the motor fuel is mixed with air. 
     
     
         32 . A method for preventing and/or reducing pre-ignition in a motor vehicle engine comprising the step of lubricating the engine with a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one fatty amine. 
     
     
         33 . A method for preventing and/or reducing low speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a motor vehicle engine comprising the step of lubricating the engine with a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one fatty amine. 
     
     
         34 . A method for preventing and/or reducing knocking in a motor vehicle engine comprising the step of lubricating the engine with a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one fatty amine. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein R 1  represents at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 35 , wherein R 2 , R 4  or R 5  independently comprises at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein R 3  comprises at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.