High strength, low salt hypochlorite production

Abstract

High strength, low salt solutions of alkali hypochlorite (e.g. sodium hypochlorite) can advantageously be produced in a system comprising a subsystem in which alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine are reacted to produce alkali hypochlorite and salt solids in a crystallizer, while drawing a vacuum in the crystallizer. In a system comprising a chlor-alkali plant, the alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine can be directly obtained (i.e. without concentrating) from the electrolyzer in the plant. A net energy savings in the system can be achieved and water consumption in the chlor-alkali plant can be substantially decreased by returning chlorinated condensate from the crystallizer to the recycle line in the chlor-alkali plant. Salt can be efficiently recovered by redissolving the salt solids produced in depleted brine and returning it directly to the electrolyzer. As a result, high strength, low salt hypochlorite can be produced without the need to evaporate caustic.

1 . A process for producing a high strength, low salt solution of an alkali hypochlorite in a system comprising a subsystem for reacting an alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine to produce the alkali hypochlorite, the process comprising:
 providing the alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine to the subsystem;   reacting the obtained alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine in a crystallizer to produce a mixture comprising the alkali hypochlorite solution and solids of an alkali chloride salt;   drawing a vacuum in the crystallizer during the reacting;   removing the alkali hypochlorite solution from the crystallizer, thereby producing the high strength, low salt solution; and   separating the alkali chloride salt solids from the mixture.   
     
     
         2 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the alkali is sodium and the alkali hypochlorite is sodium hypochlorite. 
     
     
         3 . The process of  claim 1  wherein the system comprises a chlor-alkali plant comprising an electrolyzer and an alkali brine recycle line, the recycle line directs a stream of supply brine to an electrolyzer inlet and a stream of depleted brine from an electrolyzer outlet, and the subsystem is for reacting an alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine obtained from the electrolyzer to produce the alkali hypochlorite, the process comprising:
 providing the alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine obtained from the electrolyzer directly to the subsystem; and 
 reacting the directly obtained alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine in the crystallizer to produce the mixture comprising the alkali hypochlorite solution and solids of an alkali chloride salt. 
 
     
     
         4 . The process of  claim 3  wherein the concentration of the directly provided alkali hydroxide solution obtained from the electrolyzer is about 32%. 
     
     
         5 . The process of  claim 3  comprising:
 dissolving the separated alkali chloride salt solids in a portion of the depleted brine stream from the electrolyzer outlet to create a recovered salt brine stream; and 
 combining the recovered salt brine stream directly with the supply brine stream being directed to the electrolyzer inlet. 
 
     
     
         6 . The process of  claim 2  wherein the concentration of sodium hypochlorite is greater than or equal to 30% and the concentration of sodium chloride is less than or equal to 7% in the produced high strength, low salt solution. 
     
     
         7 . The process of  claim 3  wherein the produced high strength, low salt solution is essentially produced in a single stage. 
     
     
         8 . The process of  claim 7  wherein greater than 99.5% of the total produced high strength, low salt solution is essentially produced in a single stage. 
     
     
         9 . A system for producing a high strength, low salt solution of an alkali hypochlorite comprising:
 a subsystem for reacting an alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine to produce the alkali hypochlorite;   
       wherein the subsystem comprises apparatus for drawing a vacuum, and the subsystem is configured to operate according to the process of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         10 . A system for producing a high strength, low salt solution of an alkali hypochlorite comprising:
 a chlor-alkali plant comprising an electrolyzer and an alkali brine recycle line, wherein the recycle line connects a stream of supply brine to an electrolyzer inlet and a stream of depleted brine to an electrolyzer outlet; and   a subsystem for reacting an alkali hydroxide solution and chlorine obtained from the electrolyzer to produce the alkali hypochlorite;   
       wherein the subsystem comprises apparatus for drawing a vacuum, and the subsystem is configured to operate according to the process of  claim 3 . 
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 10  is absent a chlorine compressor for compressing the chlorine obtained from the electrolyzer to produce the alkali hypochlorite. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 10  is absent a caustic evaporator for concentrating the alkali hydroxide solution obtained from the electrolyzer to produce the alkali hypochlorite.